Project description:We report the differential mRNA expressino of WT and Chi3l1 KO Th1 cells. We cultured WT and Chi3l1 KO naive CD4 T cells under Th1 skewing condition : plate-bound anti-CD3/28 antibody (2ug/mL), IL-12 0.2ng/mL, IL-2 50U/mL, anti-IL-4 neutralizing antibody 2ug/mL, for 3 days. We found different Th1 regulatory and tumoricidal-related gene expression in Chi3l1 KO T cells.
Project description:Extensive cellular heterogeneity exists within specific immune-cell subtypes classified as a single lineage, but its molecular underpinnings are rarely characterized at a genomic scale. Here, we use single-cell RNA-seq to investigate the molecular mechanisms governing heterogeneity and pathogenicity of Th17 cells isolated from the central nervous system (CNS) and lymph nodes (LN) at the peak of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) or polarized in vitro under either pathogenic or non-pathogenic differentiation conditions. Computational analysis reveals a spectrum of cellular states in vivo, including a self-renewal state, Th1-like effector/memory states and a dysfunctional/senescent state. Relating these states to in vitro differentiated Th17 cells, unveils genes governing pathogenicity and disease susceptibility. Using knockout mice, we validate four novel genes: Gpr65, Plzp, Toso and Cd5l (in a companion paper). Cellular heterogeneity thus informs Th17 function in autoimmunity, and can identify targets for selective suppression of pathogenic Th17 cells while sparing non-pathogenic tissue-protective ones. Population transcriptional profiling of KO or WT cells,, differentiated in vitro for 48-96h towards Th17 cells
Project description:Inter-individual differences in T helper (Th) cell responses affect susceptibility to infectious, allergic, and autoimmune diseases. To identify factors contributing to these response differences, we analyzed the phenotypic profiles of in vitro-differentiated Th1 cells from 16 inbred mouse strains. Haplotype-based computational genetic analysis indicated that the p53 family protein, p73, affected Th1 differentiation. In cells differentiated under Th1 conditions in vitro, we demonstrated that p73 was a negative regulator of IFNγ production, and this effect required the DNA-binding activity of p73. p73 bound within the gene body or upstream of many genes that affect Th1 differentiation and regulated their expression (e.g., Ifng and Il12rb2). Furthermore, in experimental autoimmune encephalitis, which is a mouse disease model of multiple sclerosis, p73-deficient mice had increased IFNg production and decreased disease severity, whereas in the adoptive transfer model of inflammatory bowel disease, transfer of p73- deficient naïve CD4+ T cells into WT Rag2-/- hosts resulted in increased Th1 responses and enhanced disease severity compared to transfer of WT cells. These studies identify p73 as a regulator of immune responses and indicate that its dysregulation may play a role in susceptibility to autoimmune disease.
Project description:Extensive cellular heterogeneity exists within specific immune-cell subtypes classified as a single lineage, but its molecular underpinnings are rarely characterized at a genomic scale. Here, we use single-cell RNA-seq to investigate the molecular mechanisms governing heterogeneity and pathogenicity of Th17 cells isolated from the central nervous system (CNS) and lymph nodes (LN) at the peak of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) or polarized in vitro under either pathogenic or non-pathogenic differentiation conditions. Computational analysis reveals a spectrum of cellular states in vivo, including a self-renewal state, Th1-like effector/memory states and a dysfunctional/senescent state. Relating these states to in vitro differentiated Th17 cells, unveils genes governing pathogenicity and disease susceptibility. Using knockout mice, we validate four novel genes: Gpr65, Plzp, Toso and Cd5l (in a companion paper). Cellular heterogeneity thus informs Th17 function in autoimmunity, and can identify targets for selective suppression of pathogenic Th17 cells while sparing non-pathogenic tissue-protective ones.
Project description:The experiment was performed to identify autophagy targets in wildtype and autophagy-deficient primary neurons. Therefore, cortico-hippocampal neurons were isolated from Atg5flox:CAG-CreTmx mice and treated with Tamoxifen (Tmx) to induce the knockout (KO) or EtOH for wildtype (WT) in-vitro. WT and KO Neurons were harvested at day in-vitro (DIV) 15-16, and global proteome analysis was measured by LC-MS/MS.
Project description:The experiment was performed to identify autophagy targets in wildtype and autophagy-deficient primary neurons. Therefore, cortico-hippocampal neurons were isolated from Atg16L1flox:CAG-CreTmx mice and treated with Tamoxifen (Tmx) to induce the knockout (KO) or EtOH for wildtype (WT) in-vitro. WT and KO Neurons were harvested at day in-vitro (DIV) 15-16, and global proteome analysis was measured by LC-MS/MS.