Project description:We examined gene expression profiling of mussels treated with two chemical mixtures composed by heavy metals or organic compounds, both including genotoxic agents (cadmium, benzo[a]pyrene, 1-nitro/amino-pyrene) and other contaminants (cupper, mercury, fluoranthene, TCDD). For digestive gland one RNA sample from control mussels and one from each treatment group (7 mussels) were competitively hybridized on the MytArray 1.0. Total RNA was reverse-transcribed and labeled using a Cy3-dCTP and Cy5-dCTP direct incorporation. We carried out two separate hybridizations for each treatment conditions. Keywords = mussels Keywords = heavy metals Keywords = organic compaunds Keywords = gene expression profiling Keywords: ordered
Project description:We examined gene expression profiling of native mussels that were sampled in early summer 2003 from sites of the Venice lagoon area known to be differently affected by chemical pollution: Sites 1 and 2 close to the industrial district of Marghera and Site 3 close to the Lido lagoon outlet. Site 4, a current mussel farm located offshore, has been chosen as source of reference targets for microarray hybridizations. We have limited the preliminary assessment to the digestive gland. Digestive gland total RNA of each Site was hybridized in competition with the offshore mussels (Site 4 - Reference) and the relative abundance of each gene was measured by directly comparing fluorescent signals for each probe. We carried out two separate hybridizations for each site of the Venice lagoon area.. Keywords = digestive gland Keywords = Venice lagoon Keywords = chemical pollution Keywords = native mussels Keywords = transcriptional profiling Keywords: ordered
Project description:The present study tried to assess transcription level effects in the digestive gland of female mussels dietarily exposed to Ag NPs and to compare such transcription profiles in two different seasons, autumn and spring, since mussels are expected to be at a different gamete developmental stage (early and advanced gametogenic stage, respectively).
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of the digestive gland tissue of female mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to copper along with a temperature gradient Background: Global warming is a major factor that may affect biological organization, especially in marine ecosystems and in coastal areas that are particularly subject to anthropogenic pollution. We evaluated the effects of simultaneous changes in temperature and copper concentrations on lysosomal membrane stability of the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lam.). Temperature and copper exerted additive effects on lysosomal membrane stability, exacerbating the toxic effects of metal cations present in non-physiological concentrations. Mussel lysosomal membrane stability was positively related toscope for growth, indicating possible effects of increasing temperature on mussel populations in metal-polluted areas. To clarify the molecular response to environmental stressors, we used a cDNA microarray with 1,700 sequences to measure the relative transcript abundances in the gills of mussels exposed to copper (40µg/L) and a temperature gradient (16°C, 20°C, and 24°C). In animals exposed only to heat stress, hierarchical clustering of the microarray data revealed three main clusters, which were largely dominated by down-regulation of translation-related differentially expressed genes, drastic up-regulation of folding protein-related genes, and genes involved in chitin metabolism. The response of mussels exposed to copper at 24° C was characterized by an opposite pattern of the genes involved in translation, most of which were up-regulated, as well asthe down-regulation of genes encoding heat shock proteins and microtubule-based movement proteins. Our data provide novel information on the transcriptomic modulations in mussels facing temperature increases and high copper concentrations; these data highlight the risk of marine life exposed to toxic chemicals in the presence of temperature increases due to climate change.
Project description:We examined tissue specificity of gene expression in control mussels. Total RNA was isolated from gills (G), digestive gland (DG), tissues involved in contraction/motility (FML: foot/adductor muscles/ligaments) and reproduction (GM: gonads and mantle) producing four tissue-specific samples. Total RNA was reverse-transcribed and labeled using a Cy3-dCTP and Cy5-dCTP direct incorporation. Each sample was hybridized in competition with the total pool (equal RNA amounts from G, DG, GM and FML) and the relative abundance of each gene was measured by directly comparing fluorescent signals for each probe. We reversed labeling of pool tissues (reference) and single tissue sample in each experiment, thus carrying out two separate hybridizations for each tissue. Keywords = mussels Keywords = tissue specificity Keywords = normal conditions Keywords = gene expression profiling Keywords: ordered
Project description:The Virochip microarray (version 4.0) was used to detect viruses in patients from North America with unexplained influenza-like illness at the onset of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. We used metagenomics-based technologies (the Virochip microarray) and deep sequencing to analyze nasal swab samples from individuals with 2009 H1N1 infection. This Series includes the Virochip microarray data only.
Project description:This project aimed to disclose the metabolic alterations and responses of the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis after grazing the toxic microalga Prorocentrum lima. Mussels metabolic alterations were investigated by shotgun proteomics, during the phases of intoxication and depuration. The diarrhetic shelllfisf toxins were also quantified in this project, for assessing the levels of contamination of mussels.
Project description:Transcriptional profiling of the digestive gland tissue of female mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to nickel along with a temperature gradient Background: The exposure of marine organisms to stressing agents may affect the level and pattern of gene expression. Although many studies have examined the ecological effects of heat stress on mussels, little is known about the physiological mechanisms that might be affected by co-exposure to heat stress and environmental contaminants such as nickel (Ni). In the present work we investigated the effects of simultaneous changes in temperature and Ni supply on lysosomal membrane stability (LMS) and malondialdehyde accumulation (MDA) in the digestive gland (DG) of the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lam.). To shed some light into how the molecular response to environmental stressors is modulated, we employed a cDNA microarray with 1,673 sequences to measure the relative transcript abundances in the DG of mussels exposed to Ni along with the temperature increase. Temperature and Ni rendered additive effects on LMS and MDA accumulation, increasing the toxic effects of metal cations. Ni loads in DG tissues was also affected by co-exposure to 26M-BM-0C. In animals exposed only to heat stress, functional genomics analysis of the microarray data (171 DEGs) revealed 7 biological processes, largely dominated by the up-regulation of folding protein-related genes, and the down regulation of genes involved in cell migration and cellular component assembly. Exposure to Ni at 18M-BM-0C and 26M-BM-0C rendered respectively 188 and 262 DEGs showing distinct pattern in term of biological processes. In particular, the response of mussels exposed to Ni at 26M-BM-0C was characterized by the up regulation of proteolysis, ribosome biogenesis, response to unfolded proteins and catabolic-related genes as well as the down-regulation of genes encoding cellular metabolic processes. Our data provide new insights on the transcriptomic response in mussels challenging temperature increases and Ni exposure and should be carefully considered in view of the biological effects of heat stress and particularly in polluted areas. Digestive gland tissue from individual animals in different experimental conditions were analyzed in a complete loop design. Dual color competitive hybridizations (Control M-bM-^@M-^\16M-BM-0CM-bM-^@M-^] vs M-bM-^@M-^\20M-BM-0CM-bM-^@M-^] vs M-bM-^@M-^\24M-BM-0CM-bM-^@M-^] vs M-bM-^@M-^\16M-BM-0C+CuM-bM-^@M-^], M-bM-^@M-^\20M-BM-0CM-bM-^@M-^] vs M-bM-^@M-^\24M-BM-0CM-bM-^@M-^] vs M-bM-^@M-^\20M-BM-0C+CuM-bM-^@M-^], M-bM-^@M-^\24M-BM-0CM-bM-^@M-^] vs M-bM-^@M-^\24M-BM-0C+CuM-bM-^@M-^], M-bM-^@M-^\16M-BM-0C+CuM-bM-^@M-^] vsM-bM-^@M-^]20M-BM-0C+CuM-bM-^@M-^] vs M-bM-^@M-^\24M-BM-0C+CuM-bM-^@M-^]; M-bM-^@M-^\20M-BM-0C+CuM-bM-^@M-^] vs M-bM-^@M-^\24M-BM-0C+CuM-bM-^@M-^]) including label swap. Single individuals. Four biological replicates. One replicate per array.