Project description:Acute Pten loss initiates prostate tumorigenesis characterized by cellular senescence response. Senescent cells secrete a variety of pro inflammatory factors in the tumor microenvironment, which can support the survival, outgrowth and migration of tumor cells. Here we examine cytokines and cytokines-related factors gene expression in Ptenpc-/- senescent and in Ptenpc-/-; Trp53pc-/- non senescent tumors. RNAseq analysis confirmed the presence of cytokines, which were specifically up- and down-regulated in Ptenpc-/- senescent tumors (“core-SASP”) we also found a number of upregulated secreted factors that were “senescence-unrelated” both present in both Ptenpc-/- and Ptenpc-/-; Trp53pc-/- tumors.
Project description:Our findings suggested that cytokines were upregulated in p53 null primary prostate cells after deleting Rb and/or Pten. Rb and Pten deletion are important for prostate cancer progression. p53-/- Rbf/f vs p53-/- Rbâf/âf primary prostate cells. Three independent experiments were performed. p53-/- Rbf/f vs p53-/- Rbâf/âf Ptenâf/âf primary prostate cells. Four independent experiments were performed.
Project description:Our findings suggested that cytokines were upregulated in p53 null primary prostate cells after deleting Rb and/or Pten. Rb and Pten deletion are important for prostate cancer progression.
Project description:WAP-Cre:Ptenf/f:p53lox.stop.lox_R270H composite mice were generated by genetic crossing. In these mice, Pten is deleted and a R270H p53 mutation in the DNA binding domain is induced upon expression of Cre recombinase in pregnancy-identified alveolar progenitors. Tumors were characterized by histology, marker analysis, various bioinformatics methods, high-throughput (HTP) FDA-drug screen as well as orthotopic injection to quantify tumor initiating cells (TICs) and tail-vein injection to identify lung-metastasis. Expression data comparing 2 types of Pten-deficient tumors (spindle and poorly differentiated) with other modles of mouse mammary tumors 2 types of Pten deletion plus p53-R270H mutation tumors (spindle and poorly differentiated) was compared with MMTV-Neu, Spindle Pten-p53-deficient tumors, and wild-type mammary gland cells.
Project description:Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly lethal brain tumor presenting as one of two subtypes with distinct clinical histories and molecular profiles. The primary GBM subtype presents acutely as high-grade disease that typically harbors EGFR, PTEN and Ink4a/Arf mutations, and the secondary GBM subtype evolves from the slow progression of low-grade disease that classically possesses PDGF and p53 events1. Here, we show that concomitant CNS-specific deletion of p53 and Pten in the mouse CNS generates a penetrant acute-onset high-grade malignant glioma phenotype with striking clinical, pathological and molecular resemblance to primary GBM in humans. This genetic observation prompted p53 and PTEN mutational analysis in human primary GBM, demonstrating unexpectedly frequent inactivating mutations of p53 as well the expected PTEN mutations. Integrated transcriptomic profling, in silico promoter analysis and functional studies of murine neural stem cells (NSCs) established that dual, but not singular, inactivation of p53 and Pten promotes an undifferentiated state with high renewal potential and drives elevated c-Myc levels and its associated signature. Functional studies validated increased c-Myc activity as a potent contributor to the impaired differentiation and enhanced renewal of p53-Pten null NSCs as well as tumor neurospheres (TNSs) derived from this model. c-Myc also serves to maintain robust tumorigenic potential of p53-Pten null TNSs. These murine modeling studies, together with confirmatory transcriptomic/promoter studies in human primary GBM, validate a pathogenetic role of a common tumor suppressor mutation profile in human primary GBM and establish c-Myc as a key target for cooperative actions of p53 and Pten in the regulation of normal and malignant stem/progenitor cell differentiation, self-renewal and tumorigenic potential. We used microarrays to detail the gene expression difference of the p53-null and p53/Pten-doubly null neural stem cell after differentiation . Experiment Overall Design: transcriptome comparisons of 2 independent p53-null with 3 p53/Pten double-null murine NSCs at 1 day post exposure to the differentiation inducer.
Project description:Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of tumors associated with poor clinical outcome. While a subset of STS are characterized by simple karyotypes and recurrent chromosomal translocations, the mechanisms driving cytogenetically complex sarcomas are largely unknown. Clinical evidence led us to partially inactivate Pten and p53 in the smooth muscle lineage of mice, which developed high-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (HGUPS), leiomyosarcomas (LMS) and carcinosarcomas (CS) that widely recapitulate the human disease, including the aberrant karyotype and metastatic behavior. Pten was found haploinsufficient whereas the wild-type allele of p53 invariably gained point mutations. Gene expression profile showed upregulated Notch signaling in Pten∆/+p53∆/+ tumors compared to Pten+/+p53∆/+. Consistently, Pten silencing exacerbated the clonogenic and invasive potential of p53-deficient bone marrow-derived mouse mesenchymal stem cells and tumor cells, while activating the Notch pathway. Moreover, the increased oncogenic behavior of Pten∆/+p53∆/+ and shPten-transduced Pten+/+p53∆/+ tumor cells was counteracted by treatment with a gamma secretase inhibitor (GSI), suggesting that the aggressiveness of those tumors can be attributed, at least in part, to enhanced Notch signaling. This study demonstrates a cooperative role for Pten and p53 suppression in complex karyotype sarcomas while establishing Notch as an important functional player in the crosstalk of these pathways during tumor progression. Our results highlight the importance of molecularly subclassifying high-grade sarcoma patients for targeted treatments. Compare Pten∆/+p53∆/+ to Pten+/+p53∆/+ high-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (HGUPS)
Project description:PTEN loss, one of the most frequent mutations in prostate cancer (PC), is presumed to drive disease progression through AKT activation. However, two transgenic PC models with Akt activation plus Rb loss exhibited different metastatic development: Pten/RbPE:-/- mice produced systemic metastatic adenocarcinomas with high AKT2 activation, whereas RbPE:-/- mice deficient for the Src-scaffolding protein, Akap12, induced high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias and indolent lymph node dissemination, correlating with upregulated phosphotyrosyl PI3K-p85α. Using PC cells isogenic for PTEN, we show that PTEN-deficiency correlated with dependence on both p110β and AKT2 for in vitro and in vivo parameters of metastatic growth or motility, and with downregulation of SMAD4, a known PC metastasis suppressor. In contrast, PTEN expression, which dampened these oncogenic behaviors, correlated with greater dependence on p110α plus AKT1. Our data suggest that metastatic PC aggressiveness is controlled by specific PI3K/AKT isoform combinations influenced by divergent Src activation or PTEN-loss pathways.
Project description:Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of tumors associated with poor clinical outcome. While a subset of STS are characterized by simple karyotypes and recurrent chromosomal translocations, the mechanisms driving cytogenetically complex sarcomas are largely unknown. Clinical evidence led us to partially inactivate Pten and p53 in the smooth muscle lineage of mice, which developed high-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (HGUPS), leiomyosarcomas (LMS) and carcinosarcomas (CS) that widely recapitulate the human disease, including the aberrant karyotype and metastatic behavior. Pten was found haploinsufficient whereas the wild-type allele of p53 invariably gained point mutations. Gene expression profile showed upregulated Notch signaling in PtenM-bM-^HM-^F/+p53M-bM-^HM-^F/+ tumors compared to Pten+/+p53M-bM-^HM-^F/+. Consistently, Pten silencing exacerbated the clonogenic and invasive potential of p53-deficient bone marrow-derived mouse mesenchymal stem cells and tumor cells, while activating the Notch pathway. Moreover, the increased oncogenic behavior of PtenM-bM-^HM-^F/+p53M-bM-^HM-^F/+ and shPten-transduced Pten+/+p53M-bM-^HM-^F/+ tumor cells was counteracted by treatment with a gamma secretase inhibitor (GSI), suggesting that the aggressiveness of those tumors can be attributed, at least in part, to enhanced Notch signaling. This study demonstrates a cooperative role for Pten and p53 suppression in complex karyotype sarcomas while establishing Notch as an important functional player in the crosstalk of these pathways during tumor progression. Our results highlight the importance of molecularly subclassifying high-grade sarcoma patients for targeted treatments. Compare PtenM-bM-^HM-^F/+p53M-bM-^HM-^F/+ to Pten+/+p53M-bM-^HM-^F/+ high-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (HGUPS) 4 PtenM-bM-^HM-^F/+p53M-bM-^HM-^F/+ were compared to 5 Pten+/+p53M-bM-^HM-^F/+ Keywords: Differential gene expression.
Project description:Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly lethal brain tumor presenting as one of two subtypes with distinct clinical histories and molecular profiles. The primary GBM subtype presents acutely as high-grade disease that typically harbors EGFR, PTEN and Ink4a/Arf mutations, and the secondary GBM subtype evolves from the slow progression of low-grade disease that classically possesses PDGF and p53 events1. Here, we show that concomitant CNS-specific deletion of p53 and Pten in the mouse CNS generates a penetrant acute-onset high-grade malignant glioma phenotype with striking clinical, pathological and molecular resemblance to primary GBM in humans. This genetic observation prompted p53 and PTEN mutational analysis in human primary GBM, demonstrating unexpectedly frequent inactivating mutations of p53 as well the expected PTEN mutations. Integrated transcriptomic profling, in silico promoter analysis and functional studies of murine neural stem cells (NSCs) established that dual, but not singular, inactivation of p53 and Pten promotes an undifferentiated state with high renewal potential and drives elevated c-Myc levels and its associated signature. Functional studies validated increased c-Myc activity as a potent contributor to the impaired differentiation and enhanced renewal of p53-Pten null NSCs as well as tumor neurospheres (TNSs) derived from this model. c-Myc also serves to maintain robust tumorigenic potential of p53-Pten null TNSs. These murine modeling studies, together with confirmatory transcriptomic/promoter studies in human primary GBM, validate a pathogenetic role of a common tumor suppressor mutation profile in human primary GBM and establish c-Myc as a key target for cooperative actions of p53 and Pten in the regulation of normal and malignant stem/progenitor cell differentiation, self-renewal and tumorigenic potential. We used microarrays to detail the gene expression difference of the p53-null and p53/Pten-doubly null neural stem cell after differentiation . Keywords: cell type comparison