Mus musculus
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
OTHER RELATED OMICS DATASETS IN: E-GEOD-22073
PROVIDER: PRJNA158427 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:Piwi proteins and Piwi-interacting small RNAs (piRNAs) have known functions in transposon silencing in the male germline of fetal and newborn mice. Both are also necessary for spermatogenesis in adult testes, however, their function here remains a mystery. Here, we use germ cell isolations and small RNA sequencing to show that most piRNAs in meiotic spermatocytes originate from clusters in intergenic non-repeat regions of DNA. The regulation of these piRNA clusters, including the processing of the precursor transcripts into individual piRNAs, is accomplished through mostly unknown processes. We present evidence for a regulatory mechanism for one such cluster, named cluster 1082B, located on chromosome 7 in the mouse genome, containing 788 unique piRNAs. The precursor transcript and individual piRNAs within the cluster are repressed by the Alkbh1 dioxygenase and the transcription repressor Tzfp, which are believed to be interaction partners in testis. We observe more than a thousand-fold upregulation of individual piRNAs in pachytene spermatocytes isolated from Alkbh1-/- and TzfpGTi/GTi testes. Repression is further supported by the identification of a 10 bp Tzfp recognition sequence contained within the precursor transcript. Downregulation of long interspersed elements 1 (LINE1) and intracisternal A-particle (IAP) transcripts in the Alkbh1-/- and TzfpGTi/GTi testes leads us to propose a potential role for the 1082B-encoded piRNAs in transposon silencing. Characterization of small RNAs in mouse pachytene spermatocytes for wild-type (WT) and Alkbh1-/- and TzfpGTi/GTi, and mRNA in mouse pachytene spermatocytes for wild-type (WT) and Alkbh1-/-
2012-09-11 | E-GEOD-37150 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Piwi proteins and Piwi-interacting small RNAs (piRNAs) have known functions in transposon silencing in the male germline of fetal and newborn mice. Both are also necessary for spermatogenesis in adult testes, however, their function here remains a mystery. Here, we use germ cell isolations and small RNA sequencing to show that most piRNAs in meiotic spermatocytes originate from clusters in intergenic non-repeat regions of DNA. The regulation of these piRNA clusters, including the processing of the precursor transcripts into individual piRNAs, is accomplished through mostly unknown processes. We present evidence for a regulatory mechanism for one such cluster, named cluster 1082B, located on chromosome 7 in the mouse genome, containing 788 unique piRNAs. The precursor transcript and individual piRNAs within the cluster are repressed by the Alkbh1 dioxygenase and the transcription repressor Tzfp, which are believed to be interaction partners in testis. We observe more than a thousand-fold upregulation of individual piRNAs in pachytene spermatocytes isolated from Alkbh1-/- and TzfpGTi/GTi testes. Repression is further supported by the identification of a 10 bp Tzfp recognition sequence contained within the precursor transcript. Downregulation of long interspersed elements 1 (LINE1) and intracisternal A-particle (IAP) transcripts in the Alkbh1-/- and TzfpGTi/GTi testes leads us to propose a potential role for the 1082B-encoded piRNAs in transposon silencing.
2012-09-11 | GSE37150 | GEO
Project description:In animal germline cells, Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) silence retrotransposons through post-transcriptional and transcriptional mechanisms. However, little is known, especially in mammals, about the functions of piRNAs beyond retrotransposon suppression1-5. In mammalian spermatocytes, piRNAs are known to be abundantly expressed6-10. Here, we show that a subset of coding and noncoding RNAs in mouse spermatocytes is degraded by the piRNA pathway. By analyzing the germline trasnscriptome of mice deficient in piRNA biogenesis, we identify hundreds of mRNAs as direct targets of piRNAs. Remarkably, the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the mRNAs up-regulated in the piRNA pathway mutants are highly enriched with retrotransposon sequenes, implying that these sequences serve as regulatory elements for piRNA-mediated regulation. Furthermore, deficiencies of piRNAs derived from pseudogenes result in increased mRNA levels of their cognate genes, indicating that pseudogenes regulate their functional cognates via piRNAs. Moreover, we identify a large population of testis-enriched long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs), some of which are also degraded by the piRNA pathway. Collectively, our results reveal that the piRNA pathway regulates the expression of both mRNAs and lincRNAs in addition to retrotransposon RNAs during meiosis and the key role of retrotransposons and pseudogenes, two major types of genomic sequences, in this regulation by acting as piRNA sources and/or regulatory elements in target RNAs. mRNAs in leptotene/zygotene spermatocytes, early-pachytene spermatocytes, mid-pachytene spermatocytes, late pachytene/diplotene spermatocytes and round spermatids were analyzed by deep sequencing using Illumina HiSeq.
2014-11-20 | E-GEOD-41976 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Mouse Round Spermatids (Sptd) and Pachytene Spermatocytes (Spcy) Keywords: repeat sample
2005-03-15 | GSE1768 | GEO
Project description:Piwi-interacting small RNAs (piRNAs) of fetal prospermatogonia of mice have been strongly implicated in transposon control. In contrast, little is known about biogenesis and function of abundant piRNAs from adult testes expressed in late spermatocytes and round spermatids. These so-called "pachytene" piRNAs are processed from long non-coding piRNA precursors and have no defined RNA targets in the transcriptome even though their binding partner Piwi, MIWI, is essential for spermiogenesis and fertility. Here we report that 129SvJae mice lacking Maelstrom (MAEL), a conserved piRNA pathway protein, exhibit spermiogenic arrest with defects in acrosome and flagellum formation. Further analysis revealed MAEL association with RNPs containing MIWI, TDRD6, and processed intermediates of pachytene piRNA precursors of various length. Loss of MAEL causes a 10-fold drop in pachytene piRNA levels but an increase in piRNAs from abundantly expressed mRNAs. These results suggest a MAEL-dependent mechanism for the selective processing of pachytene piRNA precursor into piRNAs. Strikingly, ribosome profiling of Mael-null testes revealed that reduced piRNA production is accompanied by reduced translation of over 800 spermiogenic mRNAs including those encoding acrosome and flagellum proteins. In light of recent reports of piRNA-independent protection of translationally repressed mRNPs by MIWI and piRNA-dependent turnover of MIWI, we propose that pachytene piRNAs function by controlling the availably of MIWI for the translational repression of spermiogenic mRNAs. piRNA sequencing, RNA immunoprecipitation, and expression measurements (RNA-Seq and ribosome profiling) in wild-type and Mael -/- testes
2014-07-25 | E-GEOD-50983 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Piwi-interacting small RNAs (piRNAs) of fetal prospermatogonia of mice have been strongly implicated in transposon control. In contrast, little is known about biogenesis and function of abundant piRNAs from adult testes expressed in late spermatocytes and round spermatids. These so-called "pachytene" piRNAs are processed from long non-coding piRNA precursors and have no defined RNA targets in the transcriptome even though their binding partner Piwi, MIWI, is essential for spermiogenesis and fertility. Here we report that 129SvJae mice lacking Maelstrom (MAEL), a conserved piRNA pathway protein, exhibit spermiogenic arrest with defects in acrosome and flagellum formation. Further analysis revealed MAEL association with RNPs containing MIWI, TDRD6, and processed intermediates of pachytene piRNA precursors of various length. Loss of MAEL causes a 10-fold drop in pachytene piRNA levels but an increase in piRNAs from abundantly expressed mRNAs. These results suggest a MAEL-dependent mechanism for the selective processing of pachytene piRNA precursor into piRNAs. Strikingly, ribosome profiling of Mael-null testes revealed that reduced piRNA production is accompanied by reduced translation of over 800 spermiogenic mRNAs including those encoding acrosome and flagellum proteins. In light of recent reports of piRNA-independent protection of translationally repressed mRNPs by MIWI and piRNA-dependent turnover of MIWI, we propose that pachytene piRNAs function by controlling the availably of MIWI for the translational repression of spermiogenic mRNAs.
2014-07-25 | GSE50983 | GEO
Project description:In the male germ cells of eutherian animals, 26–30-nt-long PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) emerge when spermatocytes enter the pachytene phase of meiosis. These pachytene piRNAs derive from ~100 discrete autosomal loci resemble canonical protein-coding genes and long non-coding RNA-producing genes—they are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, bearing 5´ caps and 3´ poly(A) tails, and their transcripts often contain introns that are removed before nuclear export and processing into piRNAs. However, it is unclear which genic and epigenetic features distinguish pachytene piRNA genes from other types of genes and dictate their germline-specific expression. We report that an unusually long first exon (≥ 10 kb) or a long gene absent of introns altogether is highly correlated with both the germline-specific production of piRNA precursor transcripts from mouse pachytene piRNA loci. We also found that these precursor transcripts are enriched in the binding by THOC1 (also known as HPR1) and THOC2, subunits of the THO complex critical for transcription elongation and nuclear export of mRNAs. Our integrative analysis of transcriptome, piRNA, and epigenome datasets across multiple species reveals that a long first exon is an evolutionarily conserved feature of pachytene piRNA loci. We further found that a highly methylated promoter, often containing a low or intermediate level of CG dinucleotides, correlates with germline expression and somatic silencing of pachytene piRNA loci.
2020-10-24 | GSE147724 | GEO
Project description:The DSB-machinery, which induces the programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in leptotene and zygotene stages during meiosis, needs to be kept in silence after the initiation of pachytene stage to prevent the activation of DSB checkpoint that may lead to meiotic arrest or apoptosis of germ cells. However, the mechanisms underlying this repression remain largely unknown. Here, we report that ZFP541, a germ cell-specific zinc finger protein, is responsible for the suppression of DSBs formation at late pachytene. Lack of Zfp541 in mice leads to generation of DSBs in late pachytene spermatocytes by DSB formation related-proteins and causes male infertility due to meiotic failure. Plated-based scRNA-seq of Zfp541-/- spermatocytes revealed that ZFP541 negatively regulates many meiotic prophase genes, including genes for DSB formation and their upstream transcriptional regulators, in late pachytene spermatocytes. These results were confirmed by 10x single-cell RNA-seq data on spermatogenesis of Zfp541-/- testes, which suggested that Zfp541 is required for repressing the activation of pre-pachytene gene expression programs from early to late pachytene. ZFP541 ChIP-seq on pachytene and diplotene spermatocytes demonstrated that ZFP541 occupies the promoters of meiosis initiators (e.g., Meiosin and Rxra) and a subset of their downstream genes to repress their transcription, and thus prevent the reactivation of pre-pachytene gene expression programs in pachytene spermatocytes. Thus, our results not only revealed the role of ZFP541 in maintaining the repression of pre-pachytene transcriptional programs in pachytene spermatocytes but also provide new insight into the regulation of meiotic progression by timely turning off pre-pachytene genes.
2021-04-16 | GSE172171 | GEO
Project description:The DSB-machinery, which induces the programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in leptotene and zygotene stages during meiosis, needs to be kept in silence after the initiation of pachytene stage to prevent the activation of DSB checkpoint that may lead to meiotic arrest or apoptosis of germ cells. However, the mechanisms underlying this repression remain largely unknown. Here, we report that ZFP541, a germ cell-specific zinc finger protein, is responsible for the suppression of DSBs formation at late pachytene. Lack of Zfp541 in mice leads to generation of DSBs in late pachytene spermatocytes by DSB formation related-proteins and causes male infertility due to meiotic failure. Plated-based scRNA-seq of Zfp541-/- spermatocytes revealed that ZFP541 negatively regulates many meiotic prophase genes, including genes for DSB formation and their upstream transcriptional regulators, in late pachytene spermatocytes. These results were confirmed by 10x single-cell RNA-seq data on spermatogenesis of Zfp541-/- testes, which suggested that Zfp541 is required for repressing the activation of pre-pachytene gene expression programs from early to late pachytene. ZFP541 ChIP-seq on pachytene and diplotene spermatocytes demonstrated that ZFP541 occupies the promoters of meiosis initiators (e.g., Meiosin and Rxra) and a subset of their downstream genes to repress their transcription, and thus prevent the reactivation of pre-pachytene gene expression programs in pachytene spermatocytes. Thus, our results not only revealed the role of ZFP541 in maintaining the repression of pre-pachytene transcriptional programs in pachytene spermatocytes but also provide new insight into the regulation of meiotic progression by timely turning off pre-pachytene genes.
2021-04-16 | GSE172160 | GEO