Homo sapiens
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PROVIDER: PRJNA277876 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Myelin-reactive T cells have been identified in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy subjects with comparable frequencies, but the contribution of these autoreactive T cells to disease pathology remains unknown. A total of 13,324 T cell libraries generated from blood of 23 patients and 22 healthy controls were interrogated for reactivity to myelin antigens. Libraries derived from CCR6+ myelin-reactive T cells from patients with MS exhibited significantly enhanced production of IFN-γ, IL-17, and GM-CSF compared to healthy controls. Single-cell clones isolated by MHC/peptide tetramers from CCR6+ T cell libraries also secreted more pro-inflammatory cytokines while clones isolated from controls secreted more IL-10. The transcriptomes of myelin-specific CCR6+ T cells from patients with MS were distinct from those derived from healthy controls, and of note, were enriched in Th17-induced experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) gene signatures and gene signatures derived from Th17 cells isolated other human autoimmune diseases. These data, although not casual, imply that functional differences between antigen specific T cells from MS and healthy controls is fundamental to disease development and support the notion that IL-10 production from myelin-reactive T cells may act to limit disease progression, or even pathogenesis.
2015-05-18 | GSE66763 | GEO
Project description:The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from MS patients that were responders or non-responders to the neuroantigen myelin basic protein. Using microarray we measured mRNA-expression levels in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 17 untreated patients with multiple sclerosis. Based on studies, measuring the responses of blood derived T-cells to myelin basic protein ex vivo, these 17 untreated MS-patients can be divided into two groups: 4 of the untreated multiple sclerosis patients had T-cells that responded to myelin basic protein ex vivo whereas 13 untreated MS patients had T-cells that did not respond to myelin basic protein ex vivo.
2014-11-28 | E-MTAB-2707 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system in which macrophages and microglia play a central role. During active multiple sclerosis foamy macrophages and microglia, containing degenerated myelin, are abundantly found in demyelinated areas. Recent studies have described an altered macrophage phenotype after myelin internalization. However, by which mechanisms myelin affects the phenotype of macrophages and how this phenotype can influence lesion progression is unclear. Here we demonstrate, by using genome wide gene expression analysis, that myelin-phagocytosing macrophages have an enhanced expression of genes in pathways involved in migration, phagocytosis and inflammation. More interestingly, we show that myelin internalization induces the expression of genes involved in liver X receptor signaling and cholesterol efflux. In vitro validation shows that myelin-phagocytosing macrophages indeed have an increased capacity to dispose intracellular cholesterol. Additionally, myelin suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, like nitric oxide and IL-6, by macrophages in a similar manner as a liver X receptor agonist. Our data show that myelin modulates the phenotype of macrophages by nuclear receptor activation, which may subsequently affect lesion progression in multiple sclerosis. Rat peritoneal macrophages were left untreated (n=5) or treated with isolated myelin (n=5) for 3 days. Both untreated and myelin-treated macrophages were subsequently stimulated with IFNM-RM-/ and IL1-M-NM-2 for 9 hours.
2012-08-20 | E-GEOD-34811 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:CNS autoimmunity is induced by autoreactive T cells reactive against CNS antigen. However how these T cells become able to transgress the blood brain barrier is not CNS autoimmunity is induced by autoreactive T cells reactive against CNS antigen. Here a gene expression profile of the pathogenic T cells in different functional states was performed. These studies were performed in a classical model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats induced by transfer of CD4+myelin basic protein specific T cells. We found that on their way to the CNS T cells fundamentally reprogram their gene expression profile, by down-regulating their activation program and up-regulating cell locomotion molecules. Total RNA extracted from ex vitro myelin specific T cells (blasts and resting state, day 2 and 7 after antigen challenge respectively) or isolated from the spleen (3 days p.t.) was used to perform a genome-wide transcriptional profiling assay (Rat Genome 230, Affymetrix)-
2012-08-23 | E-GEOD-38645 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system in which macrophages and microglia play a central role. During active multiple sclerosis foamy macrophages and microglia, containing degenerated myelin, are abundantly found in demyelinated areas. Recent studies have described an altered macrophage phenotype after myelin internalization. However, by which mechanisms myelin affects the phenotype of macrophages and how this phenotype can influence lesion progression is unclear. Here we demonstrate, by using genome wide gene expression analysis, that myelin-phagocytosing macrophages have an enhanced expression of genes in pathways involved in migration, phagocytosis and inflammation. More interestingly, we show that myelin internalization induces the expression of genes involved in liver X receptor signaling and cholesterol efflux. In vitro validation shows that myelin-phagocytosing macrophages indeed have an increased capacity to dispose intracellular cholesterol. Additionally, myelin suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, like nitric oxide and IL-6, by macrophages in a similar manner as a liver X receptor agonist. Our data show that myelin modulates the phenotype of macrophages by nuclear receptor activation, which may subsequently affect lesion progression in multiple sclerosis.
2012-08-20 | GSE34811 | GEO
Project description:CNS autoimmunity is induced by autoreactive T cells reactive against CNS antigen. However how these T cells become able to transgress the blood brain barrier is not CNS autoimmunity is induced by autoreactive T cells reactive against CNS antigen. Here a gene expression profile of the pathogenic T cells in different functional states was performed. These studies were performed in a classical model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats induced by transfer of CD4+myelin basic protein specific T cells. We found that on their way to the CNS T cells fundamentally reprogram their gene expression profile, by down-regulating their activation program and up-regulating cell locomotion molecules.
2012-08-23 | GSE38645 | GEO
Project description:Glatiramer acetate (GA; Copaxone), is a complex mixture of synthetic polypeptides approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). GA is an altered peptide ligand (APL) of myelin basic protein (MBP), an encephalitic autoantigen implicated in MS. GA induces GA-reactive T cells, which upregulate expression of anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic substances in the CNS. The antigenic sequences in glatiramoids cannot be completely characterized; nevertheless, differences among them can cause toxicity. We conducted microarray analyses to determine whether gene expression by GA-reactive lymphocytes from mouse spleens could differentiate GA from other glatiramoids. Expression of 135 genes was unique to cells reactivated by GA vs by intentionally altered GA and other glatiramoids. Significantly (p<0.01) altered expression of 207 genes was observed by cells reactivated by GA vs purported generic GA. Some APLs of MBP have caused serious adverse effects in MS patients. The influence of altered gene expression on glatiramoid safety warrants further investigation.
2013-08-01 | GSE40566 | GEO
Project description:Astrocytes are instrumental in both maintaining CNS homeostasis and responding to tissue injury. While astrocyte activation may be a beneficial response to acute pathologies, prolonged reactive gliosis is thought to be injurious in neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). A major limitation of studying neurodegenerative diseases is lack of human pathological specimens obtained during the acute stages, thereby relegating research to post mortem specimens often obtained years after the initiation of pathology. Rodent reactive astrocytes have been shown to be cytotoxic to neurons and oligodendrocytes but may differ from human cells, especially in diseases with known genetic susceptibility. Herein, we purified human CD49f+ astrocytes from differentiated induced pluripotent stem cells derived from individual patient and control peripheral white blood cell samples. We compared TNF and IL1a stimulated human reactive astrocytes from 7 persons with MS and 6 non-MS controls and show their specific astrocyte transcriptomic profiles are remarkably similar to those described in rodents. The functional effect of astrocyte conditioned media (ACM) was examined in a human oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) line differentiation assay using a transgenic secreted reporter of myelin basic protein (MBP) expression. ACM was not cytotoxic to the OPCs but robustly inhibited the MBP reporter. No differences were seen between MS and control stimulated astrocytes at either the transcript level or in functional OPC suppression assays. We next used RNAseq to interrogate differentially expressed genes in the OPC lines that had suppressed differentiation from the human ACM. Remarkably, not only was OPC differentiation and myelin gene expression suppressed, but we observed induction of several immune pathways and Nf-κB signaling in OPCs exposed to the ACM. These data support the notion that reactive astrocytes can inhibit OPC differentiation thereby limiting their remyelination capacity, and that OPCs take on an immune profile in the context of inflammatory cues.
2022-02-14 | GSE196575 | GEO
Project description:Astrocytes contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of astrocytic responses remain unknown. Here we report an exhaustive molecular and functional characterization of astrocyte reactivity following exposure to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from MS patients classified according to the degree of inflammatory activity. We showed that mouse astrocytes exposed to CSF from patients with high inflammatory activity (MS-High) exhibited a specific pro-inflammatory reactive state that was characterized by enhanced NF-kB signalling. This reactive astrocyte state conferred a dysfunctional response through an altered pro-inflammatory secretome that drove neuronal dysfunction and impaired synaptic plasticity. SerpinE1 was identified as a potential downstream mediator of the non-cell-autonomous toxic effect on neuronal function based on its significant up-regulation in secretomes from astrocytes exposed to CSF from MS-high patients. Further, we identified chitinase 3-like 1 as a potential upstream modulator of astrocyte reactivity via activation of NF-kB signalling based on its significantly increased levels in the CSF from MS-High patients. Taken together our findings indicate that the inflammatory microenvironment in the central nervous system of MS patients can induce specific reactive astrocyte states that trigger neuronal degeneration and may ultimately contribute to disease progression.
2022-06-23 | PXD027152 | Pride
Project description:Expression profiles of PBMC from multiple sclerosis patients
| PRJNA130637 | ENA