Project description:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a slow and gradual loss of kidney function, with glomerular filtration loss over months or years, inevitably leading to end-stage renal disease. The renal failure resulting from this irreversible process derives from fibrotic lesions of each compartment of the kidney; glomerulosclerosis, vascular sclerosis, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Nevertheless, despite numerous research efforts, both the definitive mechanism underlying the progression from CKD to end stage renal disease and an effective treatment have remained elusive. In this study, We utilized TMT-multiplexed quantitative proteomics approaches to identify protein expression changes associated with chronic injury in primary cultured renal cells.
Project description:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a slow and gradual loss of kidney function, with glomerular filtration loss over months or years, inevitably leading to end-stage renal disease. The renal failure resulting from this irreversible process derives from fibrotic lesions of each compartment of the kidney; glomerulosclerosis, vascular sclerosis, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Here, we aimed to specify CKD-related injury markers through proteomics analysis in animal kidney tissues.
Project description:End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease, which is increasingly prevalent worldwide and is associated with the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite accumulating evidence that monocytes/macrophages play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CVDs in ESRD patients, the current knowledge of transcriptomic signatures of monocytes or macrophages in ESRD patients is very lacking. Therefore, we investigated the transcriptome profiling of monocyte separated from patients with ESRD and HC. To explore the changes of gene expression in ESRD patient-derived monocytes, compared to monocytes from healthy controls, microarray were performed.
Project description:Biomarkers for early detection of chronic kidney disease are needed, as millions of patients suffer from chronic diseases predisposing them to kidney failure. Protein microarrays may hold utility in the discovery of auto-antibodies in other conditions not commonly considered auto-immune diseases. We hypothesized that proteins are released as a consequence of damage at a cellular level during end-organ damage from renal injury, not otherwise recognized as self-antigens, and an adaptive humoral immune response to these proteins might be detected in the blood, as a non-invasive tracker of this injury. The resultant antibodies (Ab) detected in the blood would serve as effective biomarkers for occult renal injury, enabling earlier clinical detection of chronic kidney disease than currently possible, due to the redundancy of the serum creatinine as a biomarker for early kidney injury. To screen for novel autoantibodies in chronic kidney disease, 24 protein microarrays were used to compare serum Ab from patients with chronic kidney disease against matched controls. From a panel of 38 antigens with increased Ab binding, 4 were validated in 71 individuals, with (n=50) and without (n=21) renal insufficiency. Significant elevations in the titer of novel auto-Ab were noted against Angiotensinogen (AGT) and PRKRIP1 in renal insufficiency. Current validation is underway to evaluate if these auto-Ab can provide means to follow the evolution of chronic kidney disease in patients with early stages of renal insufficiency, and if these rising titers of these auto-Ab correlate with the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease. Serum antibodies were profiled for 7 healthy individuals and 17 patients with chronic kidney disease, using the Invitrogen ProtoArray® Human Protein Microarray v3.0 platform (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). This platform contains 5,056 non-redundant human proteins expressed in a baculovirus system, purified from insect cells and printed in duplicate onto a nitrocellulose-coated glass slide. Each protein is spotted twice on each array, to measure the quality of the signal intensity. Details for experiment processing and analysis follow the previous publication from our group (Li et al Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Mar 17;106(11):4148-53). Prospector software was used to retrieve the expression based on immune response profiling of the .gal files.
Project description:Renal failure is characterized by important biological changes resulting in profound pleomorphic physiological effects termed “uremia”, whose molecular causation is not well understood. The data was used to study gene expression changes in uremia using whole genome microarray analysis of peripheral blood from subjects with end-stage renal failure (n=63) and healthy controls (n=20) to obtain insight into the molecular and biological causation of this syndrome. The study was conducted at the University of British Columbia and approved by the human ethics research board. A 3:1 case-control design was employed to compare gene expression in patients with chronic renal failure and healthy controls. Patients with stage 5 renal disease aged 18 to 75 years, who were clinically stable awaiting renal transplantation, were not receiving immunosuppressive medications, and who provided written informed consent were enrolled into the study. Patients were treated according to Canadian Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease (13). Normal controls of comparable age and gender to the patients who were screened to ensure freedom from known illness and medical therapy served as comparators.
Project description:Biomarkers for early detection of chronic kidney disease are needed, as millions of patients suffer from chronic diseases predisposing them to kidney failure. Protein microarrays may hold utility in the discovery of auto-antibodies in other conditions not commonly considered auto-immune diseases. We hypothesized that proteins are released as a consequence of damage at a cellular level during end-organ damage from renal injury, not otherwise recognized as self-antigens, and an adaptive humoral immune response to these proteins might be detected in the blood, as a non-invasive tracker of this injury. The resultant antibodies (Ab) detected in the blood would serve as effective biomarkers for occult renal injury, enabling earlier clinical detection of chronic kidney disease than currently possible, due to the redundancy of the serum creatinine as a biomarker for early kidney injury. To screen for novel autoantibodies in chronic kidney disease, 24 protein microarrays were used to compare serum Ab from patients with chronic kidney disease against matched controls. From a panel of 38 antigens with increased Ab binding, 4 were validated in 71 individuals, with (n=50) and without (n=21) renal insufficiency. Significant elevations in the titer of novel auto-Ab were noted against Angiotensinogen (AGT) and PRKRIP1 in renal insufficiency. Current validation is underway to evaluate if these auto-Ab can provide means to follow the evolution of chronic kidney disease in patients with early stages of renal insufficiency, and if these rising titers of these auto-Ab correlate with the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease.
Project description:Identification of chronic kidney disease patients at risk of progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is essential for treatment decision-making and clinical trial design. Here, we explored whether proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of blood plasma improves the currently best performing kidney failure risk equation, the so-called Tangri score. Our study cohort comprised 4640 participants from the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study, of whom 185 (3.99%) progressed over a mean observation time of 3.70 ± 0.88 years to ESRD requiring either dialysis or transplantation. The original four-variable Tangri risk equation yielded a C statistic of 0.863 (95% CI, 0.831-0.900). Upon inclusion of NMR features by state-of-the-art machine learning methods, the C statistic improved to 0.875 (95% CI, 0.850-0.911), thereby outperforming the Tangri score in 94 out of 100 subsampling rounds. Of the 24 NMR features included in the model, creatinine, high-density lipoprotein, valine, acetyl groups of glycoproteins, and Ca2+-EDTA carried the highest weights. In conclusion, proton NMR-based plasma fingerprinting improved markedly the detection of patients at risk of developing ESRD, thus enabling enhanced patient treatment.