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Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase p110 delta differentially restrains and directs naïve versus effector CD8+ T cell transcriptional programs Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase p110 delta differentially restrains and directs naïve versus effector CD8+ T cell transcriptional programs

ABSTRACT: Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase p110 delta (PI3Kp110δ) is pivotal for CD8+ T cell immune responses. To inform how PI3Kp110δ regulates CD8+ T cells, the current study focuses on PI3Kp110δ controlled transcriptional programs and reveals how PI3Kp110δ selectively induces and represses expression of key genes that create a cytotoxic T cell (CTL). The data identify differences in PI3Kp110δ regulated transcriptional programs between naïve and cytotoxic T cells including differential control of cytolytic effector molecules, costimulatory receptors and the critical inhibitory receptors CTLA4 and SLAMF6. However, common to both naïve and effector cells is PI3Kp110δ control of the production of chemokines and cytokines that orchestrate communication between the adaptive and innate immune system. The study provides a comprehensive resource for understanding how PI3Kp110δ uses multiple mechanisms dependent on Protein Kinase B/AKT, FOXO1 dependent and independent mechanisms and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) to direct CD8+ T cell fate.

INSTRUMENT(S): LTQ Orbitrap Velos

ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)

TISSUE(S): T Cell, Lymph Node

SUBMITTER: Andrew Howden

LAB HEAD: Professor Doreen Ann Cantrell

PROVIDER: PXD025046 | Pride | 2021-06-14

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase p110 delta differentially restrains and directs naïve versus effector CD8+ T cell transcriptional programs

Project description:Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase p110 delta (PI3Kp110δ) is pivotal for CD8+ T cell immune responses. To inform how PI3Kp110δ regulates CD8+ T cells, the current study focuses on PI3Kp110δ controlled transcriptional programs and reveals how PI3Kp110δ selectively induces and represses expression of key genes that create a cytotoxic T cell (CTL). The data identify differences in PI3Kp110δ regulated transcriptional programs between naïve and cytotoxic T cells including differential control of cytolytic effector molecules, costimulatory receptors and the critical inhibitory receptors CTLA4 and SLAMF6. However, common to both naïve and effector cells is PI3Kp110δ control of the production of chemokines and cytokines that orchestrate communication between the adaptive and innate immune system. The study provides a comprehensive resource for understanding how PI3Kp110δ uses multiple mechanisms dependent on Protein Kinase B/AKT, FOXO1 dependent and independent mechanisms and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) to direct CD8+ T cell fate.

2021-06-14 | PXD025061 | Pride

Interleukin-2 shapes the cytotoxic T cell proteome and immune-environment sensing

Project description:Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and Janus kinases (JAKs) regulate transcriptional programs and protein synthesis to control the differentiation of effector CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTL). Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, we have generated an in-depth characterisation of how IL-2 and JAKs configure the CTL proteome to control CTL function. We found that IL-2-JAK1/3 signaling selectively regulated the abundance of a key subset of proteins influencing the accumulation of critical cytokines and effector molecules in T cells. Moreover, IL-2 controlled the concentration of proteins that support core metabolic processes essential for cellular fitness. One fundamental insight was the dominant role for IL-2 in controlling how effector T cells respond to their microenvironment. IL-2-JAK1/3 signaling pathways thus controlled the abundance of nutrient transporters, nutrient sensors and critical oxygen sensing molecules. The data provide key insights of how IL-2 controls T cell function and highlight signaling mechanisms and transcription factors that link oxygen sensing to transcriptional control of CD8+ T cell differentiation.

2018-04-17 | PXD008112 | Pride

Mammalian Target of Rapamycin shapes the cytotoxic T cell proteome

Project description:High resolution mass spectrometry maps the CD8 cytotoxic cell (CTL) proteome and the impact of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) on CTL. We show mTORC1 selectively represses and promotes expression of a subset (10%) of CTL proteins including key CTL effector and adhesion molecules and adaptor proteins. mTORC1 also controls flux through a selective subset of metabolic pathways but is not an on/off switch for CTL metabolism. Proteomic data highlighted the potential for mTORC1 negative control of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PI(3,4,5)P3) production in CTL. Further work revealed that mTORC1 represses PI(3,4,5)P3 production and controls the mTORC2 requirement for activation of the serine/threonine kinase AKT. Unbiased proteomic analysis thus provides a comprehensive understanding of CTL identity and mTORC1 control of CTL function.

2015-10-13 | PXD002928 | Pride

Control of amino-acid transport coordinates metabolic reprogramming in T cell malignancy

Project description:Analysis of murine model of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) caused by deletion of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) reveals that primary T-ALL cells have high transport rates for multiple nutrients. In particular, high levels of leucine transport in T-ALL fuels mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity which then sustains expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1a (HIF1a) and c-Myc, the drivers of glucose transport. A key finding is that PTEN deletion and phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) accumulation is insufficient to initiate leucine uptake, mTORC1 activity, HIF1a or c-Myc expression in T cells and hence cannot drive T-ALL metabolic reprogramming. Instead, a key regulator for leucine transport in T-ALL is identified as NOTCH. Mass spectrometry based proteomics identifies SLC7A5 as the dominant System L-amino acid transporter in primary PTEN-/- T-ALL cells. Importantly, expression of SLC7A5 is critical for the malignant transformation induced by PTEN deletion. These data highlight the importance of regulated amino acid transport for T cell malignancies and how a single amino acid transporter can play a key role.

2018-10-08 | PXD006209 | Pride

TCR repertoire profiling of CMV specific and SARS-CoV2 Spike specific CD8+ T cells using single cell sequencing

Project description:We introduced single-chain trimer (SCT) technologies into a high throughput platform for pMHC library generation that can be used for screening antigen specific CD8+ T cells. We compared the diversity of T cell receptor repertoire captured by SCT and folded peptide-MHC multimer presenting HLA-A02:01 restricted CMV peptide. We then constructed SCT libraries designed to capture SARS-CoV-2 spike specific CD8+ T cells from COVID-19 participants and healthy donors. TCR sequencing with antigen specificity was analyzed. The immunogenicity of these epitopes was validated by functional assays of T cells with cloned TCRs captured using SCT libraries.

2022-01-01 | E-MTAB-11229 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A Proteomic Chronology of Gene Expression through the Cell Cycle in Human Myeloid Leukemia Cells.

Project description:Technological advances have enabled the analysis of cellular protein and RNA levels with unprecedented depth and sensitivity, allowing for an unbiased re-evaluation of gene regulation during fundamental biological processes. Here, we have chronicled the dynamics of protein and mRNA expression levels across a minimally perturbed cell cycle in human myeloid leukemia cells using centrifugal elutriation combined with mass spectrometry-based proteomics and RNA-Seq, avoiding artificial synchronization procedures. We identify myeloid-specific gene expression and variations in protein abundance, isoform expression and phosphorylation at different cell cycle stages. We dissect the relationship between protein and mRNA levels for both bulk gene expression and for over ~6,000 genes individually across the cell cycle, revealing complex, gene-specific patterns. This dataset, one of the deepest surveys to date of gene expression in human cells, is presented in an online, searchable database, the Encyclopedia of Proteome Dynamics (http://www.peptracker.com/epd/).

2014-03-12 | PXD000678 | Pride

Proteomic Analysis of the Response to Cell Cycle Arrests in Human Myeloid Leukemia Cells

Project description:Previously (Ly et al. 2014), we analyzed protein abundance changes across a â€˜minimally perturbedâ€™ cell cycle in human cells (NB4), using centrifugal elutriation to differentially enrich distinct cell cycle phases. Here, we compare data from elutriated cells with NB4 cells arrested at comparable phases using serum starvation, hydroxyurea, or RO-3306. While elutriated and arrested cells have similar patterns of DNA content and cyclin expression, a large fraction of the proteome changes detected in arrested cells are found to reflect arrest-specific responses (i.e., starvation, DNA damage, CDK1 inhibition), rather than physiological cell cycle regulation. For example, we show most cells arrested in G2 by CDK1 inhibition express abnormally high levels of replication and origin licensing factors, and are likely poised for genome re-replication. The protein data are available in the Encyclopedia of Proteome Dynamics (http://www.peptracker.com/epd/), an online, searchable resource.

2015-07-23 | PXD001610 | Pride

Concomitant deletion of Shp-1 and Shp-2 in T cells fails to improve anticancer responses

Project description:Anticancer T cells acquire a dysfunctional state characterized by poor effector function and expression of inhibitory receptors, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). Blockade of PD-1 signalling leads to T cell reinvigoration and is increasingly applied as an effective anticancer treatment. Recent work challenged the commonly held view that the phosphatase Src homology 2 (SH2) domain–containing phosphatase (SHP)-2 is essential for the molecular cascade downstream PD-1, suggesting functional redundancy with the homologous phosphatase SHP-1. Therefore, we investigated the effect of concomitant SHP-1 and 2 deletion in T cells by knocking out these phosphatases under the CD4cre promoter. In vivo results not only indicate that Shp-1/2 deletion is insufficient to ameliorate tumour control, but also that it impairs the therapeutic effects of anti-PD1 treatment, affecting tumour-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. Notably, acute deletion of Shp-1/2 in effector T cells also fails to improve tumour control. In vitro results show that Shp-1/2-deleted CD8+ T cells exhibit impaired expansion due to a survival defect and proteomics analysis reveals substantial alterations in their proteome, including in apoptosis-related pathways. This data indicates that concomitant ablation of SHP-1/2 in polyclonal T cells fails to improve their anticancer properties, implying that caution shall be taken when considering their inhibition for immunotherapeutic approaches.

2022-09-29 | PXD034897 | Pride

Integrative proteomics and transcriptomics of human T-cells reveals temporal changes in metabolic pathways following TCR-mediated activation

Project description:T-cells are a critical component of the adaptive immune system and play a key role in immunological surveillance. Upon engagement of T-cell receptor (TCR), CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells acquire effector functions through a complex interplay between mRNA and proteins yet to be fully understood. In this study we explored the temporal transcriptomic and proteomic changes mediated by TCR engagement in both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. T-cells isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of three healthy volunteers over 90% purity as assessed by fluorescence-labeled flow cytometry (FACS) and monoclonal antibodies were in vitro activated using anti-CD3/CD28 Dynabeads. Samples obtained before the activation, and 6h, 12h, 24h, 3 days (d), and 7d following activation were analyzed using label-free data-dependent acquisition mass spectrometry-based proteomics (DDA-proteomics), to identify the temporal dynamics in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell proteomes during activation. A parallel analysis was performed to explore the transcriptomic dynamics during T-cell activation. Our data revealed a time-dependent dissociation between the T-cell transcriptome and proteome: the onset of activation was driven by rapid changes of the mRNA content with sluggish increase in protein synthesis, ultimately leading to rewired transcriptome and proteome. We surprisingly found that CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells became transcriptionally more divergent while their proteome became more similar over the time course of activation. Several changes in the content of mRNAs and proteins associated with metabolic pathways were detected through KEGG pathway analysis, revealing a transient disconnection between the aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis pathways in activated T-cells. This dataset provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the main temporal changes that regulate metabolic pathways governing the acquisition of effector functions by CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells.

2023-12-28 | PXD038810 | Pride

Multiple Early Factors Anticipate Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequelae

Project description:Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) represent an emerging global crisis. However, quantifiable risk-factors for PASC and their biological associations are poorly resolved. We executed a deep multi-omic, longitudinal investigation of 309 COVID-19 patients from initial diagnosis to convalescence (2-3 months later), integrated with clinical data, and patient-reported symptoms. We resolved four PASC-anticipating risk factors at the time of initial COVID-19 diagnosis: type 2 diabetes, SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia, Epstein-Barr virus viremia, and specific autoantibodies. In patients with gastrointestinal PASC, SARS-CoV-2-specific and CMV-specific CD8+ T cells exhibited unique dynamics during recovery from COVID-19. Analysis of symptom-associated immunological signatures revealed coordinated immunity polarization into four endotypes exhibiting divergent acute severity and PASC. We find that immunological associations between PASC factors diminish over time leading to distinct convalescent immune states. Detectability of most PASC factors at COVID-19 diagnosis emphasizes the importance of early disease measurements for understanding emergent chronic conditions and suggests PASC treatment strategies.

2022-02-01 | E-MTAB-10129 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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