Project description:Upon finding that the tetracyclines COL-3 and doxycycline target unique rRNA substructures of the 80S ribosome (E-MTAB-7147), we confirmed these putative ribosomal binding sites by showing that tetracycline-based crosslinking probes are specifically competed from these rRNA structures by their parent drugs. In short, we incorporated dual bioorthogonal handles into tetracycline-based probes, containing both a photoactive diazirine to enable direct probe crosslinking to the human ribosome and an azide handle to allow selective enrichment of crosslinked biomolecules via copper-free ‘click’ chemistry. The COL-3 and doxycycline probes were each incubated with A375 cells, followed by irradiation at 365 nm to induce photolysis of the diazirine moiety and subsequent crosslinking to adjacent ribosomal components. Pulldown and RNA-Seq of the crosslinked RNAs from our experiments were used to identify enrichment of reverse transcription (RT) stops at ribosomal RNA sites caused by local crosslinking of our probes. In these experiments, UV crosslinking was preformed with the COL-3 and doxycycline probe compounds in the presence and absence of free COL-3 and doxycycline (i.e., parent tetracycline molecules lacking the bifunctional diazirine-azide moiety), which were used as competitors to specifically diminish crosslinking to the ribosomal RNA. Crosslinking to ribosomal RNA was determined using RNA-Seq based RT stop enrichment, which was was also compared to inactive tetracycline probes containing a modified bifunctional linker, a non-specific aniline probe, and untreated controls.
Project description:The poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) is a protein from the family of ADP-ribosyltransferases that catalyzes poly adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) formation in order to attract the DNA repair machinery to DNA damage sites. Inhibition of PARP activity by olaparib can cause cell death which is of clinical relevance in some tumor types. This demonstrates that quantification of PARP activity in the context of living cells is of great importance. In this work we present the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of photo-activatable affinity probes inspired by the olaparib molecule which are equipped with a diazirine for covalent attachment upon activation by UV light and a ligation handle for the addition of a reporter group of choice. SDS-PAGE, western blotting and label-free LC-MS/MS quantification analysis show that the probes target the PARP-1 protein and are selectively outcompeted by olaparib suggesting binding in the same enzymatic pocket.
Project description:We systematically explored the VUV photochemical reactions of aqueous halides Cl−, Br−, and I− with native proteins and peptides under the irradiation of a 10-ns single pulse of 193-nm ArF VUV laser
Project description:Multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are often developed for the same indication. However, their relative overall efficacy is frequently incompletely understood and they may harbor unrecognized targets that cooperate with the intended target. We compared several ROS1 TKIs for inhibition of ROS1-fusion-positive lung cancer cell viability, ROS1 autophosphorylation and kinase activity, which indicated disproportionately higher cellular potency of one TKI, lorlatinib. Quantitative chemical and phosphoproteomics across four ROS1 TKIs and differential network analysis revealed that lorlatinib uniquely impacted focal adhesion signaling. Functional validation using kinase assays, pharmacological probes and RNA interference uncovered a polypharmacology mechanism of lorlatinib by dual targeting ROS1 and PYK2, which form a multiprotein complex with SRC. Rational multi-targeting of this complex by combining lorlatinib with SRC inhibitors exhibited pronounced synergy. Taken together, we show that systems pharmacology-based differential network analysis can dissect mixed canonical/non-canonical polypharmacology mechanisms across multiple TKIs enabling the design of rational drug combinations.
Project description:Cryptochromes are negative transcriptional regulators of the circadian clock in mammals. It is not clear how reducing the level of endogenous CRY1 in mammals will affect circadian rhythm and the relation of such a decrease with apoptosis. Here, we discovered a molecule (M47) that destabilizes Cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) both in vitro and in vivo. The M47 selectively enhanced the degradation rate of CRY1 by increasing its ubiquitination and resulted in increasing the circadian period length of U2OS Bmal1-dLuc cells. In addition, subcellular fractionation studies from mice liver indicated that M47 increased degradation of the CRY1 in the nucleus. Furthermore, M47-mediated CRY1 reduction enhanced cisplatin-induced apoptosis in Ras-transformed p53 null fibroblast cells. Systemic repetitive administration of M47 increased the median lifespan of p53-/- mice by ~25%. Collectively our data suggest that M47 is a very promising molecule to treat forms of cancer depending on the p53 mutation.
Project description:Host-microbe communication via small molecule signals is often poorly understood at the molecular level. Under conditions of host stress, levels of the human opioid peptide dynorphin are elevated, triggering virulence in the opportunistic pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1) via an unknown pathway. Here we apply multiple chemical biology strategies to unravel the mode of action of this putative interkingdom signal. We designed and applied dynorphin-inspired photoaffinity probes (DYN4 and DYN5) to reveal the protein targets of the peptide in live bacteria via chemical proteomics. Sensor kinase ParS was identified as a potential hit. Subsequent full proteome studies revealed that dynorphin(1-13) (DYN) induces an antimicrobial peptide-like response in Pseudomonas, with specific upregulation of membrane defence mechanisms (datasets Stat.10 and Exp.5). No such response was observed in a parS mutant (Stat.1), functionally linking DYN engagement with ParS to this phenotype.
Project description:Metastasis poses a major challenge in cancer management, including EML4-ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As cell migration is a critical step during metastasis, we assessed the anti-migratory activities of several clinical ALK inhibitors in NSCLC cells and observed differential anti-migratory capabilities despite similar ALK inhibition, with brigatinib displaying superior anti-migratory effects over other ALK inhibitors. Applying an unbiased in-situ mass spectrometry-based chemoproteomics approach, we determined the proteome-wide target profile of brigatinib in EML4-ALK+ NSCLC cells. Dose-dependent and cross-competitive chemoproteomics suggested MARK2 and MARK3 as relevant brigatinib kinase targets. Functional validation showed that combined pharmacological inhibition or genetic modulation of MARK2/3 inhibited cell migration. Consistently, brigatinib treatment induced inhibitory YAP1 phosphorylation downstream of MARK2/3. Collectively, our data suggest that brigatinib exhibits unusual cross-phenotype polypharmacology as despite similar efficacy for inhibiting EML4-ALK-dependent cell proliferation as other ALK inhibitors, it more effectively prevented migration of NSCLC cells due to co-targeting of MARK2/3.
Project description:In this dataset, we investigate the targets of degrasyn in the methicillin-sensitive S. aureus strain NCTC 8325. This includes data on enrichment studies and competition studies with conventional ABPP using a degrasyn-derived probe, competition studies with residue-specific proteomics using the isoDTB-ABPP method and global analysis of protein expression levels in response to degrasyn treatment.