Project description:BioID2 Zebrafish Interaction Proteomics analyzed by nanoscale capillary LC coupled to a Fusion Lumos OT with label-free quantitation.
Project description:IRF5 and STAT4 are strongly associated with human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). By performing chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-Seq) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we identified more than 7000 target genes for IRF5 and STAT4 in stimulated PBMCs. Contrarily, without stimulation IRF5 seemed to be inactive, and STAT4 only showed low levels of transcriptional regulatory activity. Target genes of IRF5 and STAT4 were identified in human PBMCs with or without stimulation using ChIP-Seq.
Project description:Crosstalk between autophagy, host cell death, and inflammatory host responses to bacterial pathogens enables effective innate immune responses that limit bacterial growth while minimizing coincidental host damage. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) thwarts innate immune defense mechanisms in alveolar macrophages (AMs) during the initial stages of infection and in recruited bone marrow-derived cells during later stages of infection. However, how protective inflammatory responses are achieved during Mtb infection and the variation of the response in different macrophage subtypes remain obscure. Here, we show that the autophagy receptor Tax1bp1 plays a critical role in enhancing inflammatory cytokine production and increasing the susceptibility of mice to Mtb infection. Surprisingly, although Tax1bp1 restricts Mtb growth during infection of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) (Budzik et al. 2020) and terminates cytokine production in response to cytokine stimulation or viral infection, Tax1bp1 instead promotes Mtb growth in AMs, neutrophils, and a subset of recruited monocyte-derived cells from the bone marrow. Tax1bp1 also leads to increases in bacterial growth and inflammatory responses during infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes, an intracellular pathogen that is not effectively targeted to canonical autophagy. In Mtb-infected AMs but not BMDMs, Tax1bp1 enhances necrotic-like cell death early after infection, reprogramming the mode of host cell death to favor Mtb replication in AMs. Tax1bp1’s impact on host cell death is a mechanism that explains Tax1bp1’s cell type-specific role in the control of Mtb growth. Similar to Tax1bp1-deficiency in AMs, the expression of phosphosite-deficient Tax1bp1 restricts Mtb growth. Together, these results show that Tax1bp1 plays a crucial role in linking the regulation of autophagy, cell death, and pro-inflammatory host responses and enhancing susceptibility to bacterial infection.
Project description:Investigation of gene expression changes in a DvH genotype ES10-5, a strain isolated from population ES10 which has been evolved under salt stress for 5000 generations. The gene expression was compared to a gentype ES9-11 isolated from ES9 evolved under the same condition for 1200 generations and the ancestral strain. The genotype ES10-5 was characterized in this study. ES9-11 was isolated and characterized in Zhou A et al., 2013. Characterization of NaCl tolerance in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough through experimental evolution. ISME J, 7(9), 1790-1802
Project description:Evolution of multicellular life forms has involved adaptation of organs that consist of multiple cell types, each with unique functional properties that as a collection, achieve complex organ function. Since each cell type is adapted to deliver specific functionality within the context of an organ, knowledge on functional landscapes occupied by individual cell types could improve comprehension of organ function at the molecular level. In kidney, podocytes and tubules are two cell types that work together, each with vastly different functional roles. Podocytes envelop the blood vessels in the glomerulus and act as filters while tubules, located downstream of the glomerulus, are responsible for reabsorption of important nutrients. Mitochondria hold a critical and well-studied role in tubules due to the high energetic requirements required to fulfill their function. In podocytes however, questions remain regarding the relevance of mitochondrial function in both normal physiology and pathology . Quantitative cross-linking mass spectrometry and proteomics together with a transgenic mitochondrial tagging strategy were used to investigate kidney cell-type specificity of mitochondria. These efforts revealed that despite similarities of podocyte and tubule mitochondrial proteomes, each contain unique features corresponding to known distinct functional roles. These include increased demand for energy production through the TCA cycle in tubules and increased detoxification demand in podocytes. Moreover, tubule and podocyte mitochondrial interactome differences revealed additional cell-type specific functional insights with alterations in betaine metabolism, lysine degradation, and other pathways not regulated through proteome abundance levels. Most importantly, these efforts illustrate that cell specific mitochondrial interactome differences within an organ can now be visualized. Therefore, this approach can generally be used to map cell-specific mitochondrial changes in disease, aging or even with therapy to better understand the roles and contributions of each cell type in normal physiology and pathology within an organ in ways not previously possible .
Project description:the aim 1 was to evaluate hashing (sample multiplexing) accuracy of TotalSeq-B antibodies and CellPlex (a multiplexing solution from 10x Genomics) on 2 pools of PBMCs from 3 different donors. Thus the genetic difference between donors was used as a ground truth for sample demultiplexing based on antibody or lipid hashing hashing. the aim 2 was to evaluate TotalSeq antibody and lipid hashing on different mice primary tissues using different hashing protocols.
Project description:Rhinovirus (RV) is the most prevalent human respiratory virus. Each year, RV infects billions of people and is responsible for at least half of all common colds, the most common illness of humans. RV infection also affects the morbidity of a range of respiratory illnesses, such as bronchiolitis, pneumonia, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis. Despite its biological importance and public health significance, little is known about the genetic architecture of response to RV. To address this, we obtained genome-wide genotype and gene expression data in uninfected and RV-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 98 individuals. We characterized gene expression differences in response to RV infection and mapped expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) in both uninfected and RV-infected PBMCs. The study includes data from uninfected and rhinovirus-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 98 individuals. Twenty ml of blood was drawn from each participant. PBMCs were isolated from whole blood samples by Ficoll-Paque separation. From each subject, 4 million PBMCs were treated with media alone for 24 hours and 4 million PBMCs were treated with media containing RV16 for 24 hours. The multiplicity of infection was 10 plaque-forming units per cell. Total RNA was extracted after 24-hour incubation, using the RNeasy Plus Mini Kit; concentrations were measured on a Nanodrop ND-100 Spectrophotometer and quality was assessed using an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. Genome wide gene expression profiling of uninfected and rhinovirus-infected PBMCs was obtained using Illumina HumanHT-12 v4 Expression BeadChip arrays at the University of Chicago Functional Genomics Core.
Project description:The FDA Modernization Act 2.0 permits data from advanced microphysiological systems, such as spheroids, to be used as a testbed for drug candidates entering phase 1 clinical trials. Despite their increasing adoption, spheroids of varying growth durations are often used interchangeably as disease models. While transcriptomic studies have been employed to monitor spheroids over time, proteomics has primarily been used to validate their utility as model systems and assess drug responses, rather than for longitudinal studies. Here, we apply data independent acquisition with gas phase fractionation (DIA-GPF) proteomics to investigate temporal changes in HCT 116 spheroids every two days throughout 18 days of growth, identifying 6,835 proteins across all samples. Differential expression analysis reveals that day 2 spheroids more closely resemble monolayer cells than spheroids cultured for extended periods. Gene ontology (GO) term analysis of differentially expressed proteins indicates that, relative to monolayer cells, DNA replication is downregulated, while glycolysis is upregulated during spheroid maturation. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) experiments targeting thymidylate synthase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C validate the initial proteomic findings and corroborate the trends observed in GO term analysis. These results highlight the importance of growth duration when utilizing spheroids as a model for avascular tumors.