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Accompanying anion affects cadmium toxicity during Arabidopsis thaliana development

ABSTRACT: Cadmium (Cd) is a significant environmental pollutant with widespread detrimental effects on living organisms, making it a frequent subject of laboratory studies. However, different types of Cd salts are used to spike media, often without considering the possibility that accompanying anions may influence the effects of metal cations. Using two commonly used Cd salts, CdSO4 and CdCl2, we observed distinct toxicity effects on Arabidopsis thaliana development. On a physiological level, 7-day-old seedlings exposed to 50 µM CdSO4 had shorter roots than those treated with CdCl2. Proteomic analysis revealed strong downregulation of proteins involved in microtubule organization and primary cell wall synthesis in the root of plants exposed to CdSO4. Additionally, these plants exhibited higher Cd uptake from the medium and greater Cd accumulation in the shoot, indicating that the SO42-, as an accompanying anion, exacerbates Cd toxicity. These findings highlight the critical but often overlooked role of accompanying anions in modulating the toxic effects of heavy metals on plants.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis Thaliana (mouse-ear Cress)

TISSUE(S): Root, Shoot

SUBMITTER: Pavel Roudnický

LAB HEAD: Zbynek Zdrahal

PROVIDER: PXD062135 | Pride | 2026-01-07

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	4172_TIMS1_130m_R01_2_Slot1-19_1_1232.d.zip	Other
	4172_TIMS1_130m_R02_2_Slot1-20_1_1218.d.zip	Other
	4172_TIMS1_130m_R03_1_Slot1-21_1_1192.d.zip	Other
	4172_TIMS1_130m_R04_2_Slot1-22_1_1237.d.zip	Other
	4172_TIMS1_130m_R05_2_Slot1-23_1_1239.d.zip	Other

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Project description:Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic and carcinogenic pollutant that poses a threat to human and animal health by affecting several major organ systems. Urbanization and human activities have led to significant increases in Cd concentration in the environment, including in agroecosystems. To protect against the harmful effects of Cd, efforts are being made to promote safe crop production and to clean up Cd-contaminated agricultural lands and water, reducing Cd exposure through the consumption of contaminated agricultural products. There is a need for management strategies that can improve plant Cd tolerance and reduce Cd accumulation in crop plant tissues, all of which involve understanding the impacts of Cd on plant physiology and metabolism. Grafting, a longstanding plant propagation technique, has been shown to be a useful approach for studying the effects of Cd on plants, including insights into the signaling between organs and organ-specific modulation of plant performance under this form of environmental stress. In this review, we aim to highlight the current state of knowledge on the use of grafting to gain insights into Cd-induced effects as well as its potential applicability in safe crop production and phytoremediation. In particular, we emphasize the utility of heterograft systems for assessment of Cd accumulation, biochemical and molecular responses, and tolerance in crop and other plant species under Cd exposure, as well as potential intergenerational effects. We outline our perspectives and future directions for research in this area and the potential practical applicability of plant grafting, with attention to the most obvious gaps in knowledge. We aim at inspiring researchers to explore the potential of grafting for modulating Cd tolerance and accumulation and for understanding the mechanisms of Cd-induced responses in plants for both agricultural safety and phytoremediation purposes. Finally, it is important to bear in mind that although we have address Cd in this review, the idea can be applied to the large majority of abiotic and biotic stressors.

Project description:Phytoremediation soil polluted by heavy metal has been drawn on a worldwide attention from human society. However, how to improve the efficiency of plant remediation of soil contaminated by cadmium remains unknown. Previous studies showed that nitrogen (N) significantly enhanced cadmium uptake in poplar plants. In order to further explore the key role of N in the detoxification against cadmium stress in plants, this study try to investigate the poplar proteome and phosphoproteome difference between Cd stress and Cd+N treatment. In total, 5838 of the 6573 identified were quantified. With a fold-change threshold >1.3 and p-value<0.05, 375 and 108 proteins were up- and down-regulated by Cd stress when compared to the control, 42 and 89 proteins were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in Cd+N / Cd group, 522 and 127 proteins were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in Cd+N / CK group. In addition, the phosphoproteome data was obtained after the proteomic difference was normalized, and 1471phosphosites in 721 proteins were quantified. Based on a fold-change threshold >1.2, P-value <0.05, the Cd stress up-regulated 8 phosphosites in 8 proteins and down-regulated 69 phosphosites in 58 proteins, whereas N+Cd treatment up-regulated 95 phosphosites in 86 proteins and down-regulated 17 phosphosites in 17 proteins when compared to sole Cd stress. In addition, N+Cd treatment up-regulated 74 phosphosites in 60 proteins and down-regulated 42 phosphosites in 37 proteins when compared to the control.Several putative responses to stress proteins, transcriptional and translational regulation factors were up-regulated by addition ofexogenous nitrogen followed Cd stress at the proteome and phosphoproteome levels. Especially, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), peroxidase (POD), zinc finger protein (ZFP), ABC transporter protein (ABC), eukaryotic translation initiation factor (elF) and splicing factor 3B subunit 1-like (SF3BI) were up-regulated by Cd+N treatment whether at the proteome or at the phosphoproteome levels, which was need to further study. In a word, taken together of proteome and phosphoproteome data, nitrogen serves a protective role in plants treated with Cd by multiple ways.

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Accompanying anion affects cadmium toxicity during Arabidopsis thaliana development

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