Project description:N-terminal acetylation (NTA) is one of the most abundant protein modifications in eukaryotes and is catalysed in humans by seven N-acetyltransferases. In this study, we investigated the Arabidopsis thaliana NatB catalytic (NAA20) and auxiliary subunit (NAA25) and their influence on protein N-terminal acetylation using the SILProNAQ approach
Project description:Search for genes differently expressed when we inhibit NatB N-terminal acetyltransferase. We compare gene expression after inhibiting hNAT5 expression in Hela cells with specific siRNAs expressed with adenoviruses. Keywords: gene expression comparison
Project description:N-terminal acetylation (NTA) is one of the most abundant protein modifications in eukaryotes and is catalyzed in humans by seven Nα-acetyltransferases (NatA-F and NatH). Remarkably, the characterization of the plant Nat machinery and its biological relevance is still in its infancy, although NTA has gained recognition as key regulator of crucial processes like protein turnover, protein-protein interaction and protein targeting. In this study we combined in vitro assays, reverse genetics, quantitative N-terminomics, transcriptomics and physiological assays to characterize the Arabidopsis NatB complex. We show that the plant NatB catalytic (NAA20) and auxiliary subunit (NAA25) form a stable heterodimeric complex that accepts canonical NatB-type substrates in vitro. In planta, NatB complex formation was essential for enzymatic activity. Depletion of NatB subunits to 30% of wild-type level in three Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutants (naa20-1, naa20-2, naa25-1) decreased growth to 50% of wild-type level. A complementation approach revealed functional conservation between plant and human catalytic NatB subunits, while yeast NAA20 failed to complement naa20-1. Quantitative N-terminomics of approximately 2000 peptides identified 29 bona fide substrates of the plant NatB. In vivo, NatB preferentially acetylated N-termini starting with the initiator methionine followed by acidic amino acids and contributed 20% of the acetylation marks in the detected plant proteome. The global transcriptome and proteome analyses of NatB-depleted mutants suggested a function of NatB in multiple stress responses. In agreement, we revealed the specific impact of NatB on the resistance of plants to osmotic or high-salt stress. Remarkably, depletion of NatA did not affect these resistances.
Project description:In Arabidopsis thaliana the evolutionary conserved N-terminal acetyltransferase (Nat) complexes NatA and NatB co-translationally acetylate 60% of the proteome. Both have recently been implicated in the regulation of plant stress responses. While NatA mediates drought tolerance, NatB is required for pathogen resistance and the adaptation to high salinity and high osmolarity. Salt and osmotic stress impair protein folding and result in the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The ER-membrane resident E3 ubiquitin ligase DOA10 targets misfolded proteins for degradation during ER stress and is conserved among eukaryotes. In yeast, DOA10 recognizes conditional degradation signals (Ac/N-degrons) created by NatA and NatB. Assuming that this mechanism is preserved in plants, the lack of Ac/N-degrons required for efficient removal of misfolded proteins might explain the sensitivity of NatB mutants to protein harming conditions. In this study, we investigate the response of NatB mutants to dithiothreitol (DTT) and tunicamycin (TM) induced ER stress. We report that NatB mutants are hypersensitive to DTT but not TM, suggesting that the DTT hypersensitivity is caused by an over-reduction of the cytosol rather than an accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER. In line with this hypothesis, the cytosol of NatB depleted plants is constitutively over-reduced and a global transcriptome analysis reveals that their reductive stress response is permanently activated. Moreover, we demonstrate that doa10 mutants are susceptible to neither DTT nor TM, ruling out a substantial role of DOA10 in ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) in plants. Contrary to previous findings in yeast, our data indicates that N-terminal acetylation (NTA) does not inhibit ER targeting of a substantial amount of proteins in plants. In summary, we provide further evidence that NatB-mediated imprinting of the proteome is vital for the response to protein-harming stress and rule out DOA10 as the sole recognin for substrates in the plant ERAD pathway.
Project description:Determing the substrate specificity and function of NatB using knockout with rescue and knockdown in yeast and human cells respectively.
Project description:To investigate the interactome of the human translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) complex, we performed immunoaffinity purification of TOMM22-FLAG from HEK293T cells followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. This approach allowed us to identify proteins that co-purify with the TOM complex under native conditions. Our primary aim was to uncover human-specific interactors not previously described in yeast, with a particular focus on factors potentially involved in mitochondrial protein import regulation and quality control. The dataset provides a resource for understanding conserved and divergent aspects of TOM complex composition and function in human cells.
Project description:This dataset describes the mass spectrometric identification of tau phosphorylation sites in hippocampal neurons active during fear memory encoding. Tau knockout (tau‑/‑) mice were used as a background to selectively express human 2N4R tau variants in behaviourally activated neuronal populations. Tau‑/‑ mice received bilateral injections into the dorsal and ventral hippocampus with doxycycline‑regulated AAV vectors under control of the robust activity‑marking (RAM) promoter. Experimental groups expressed either wild‑type human 2N4R tau (tauWT; n = 4), a phosphorylation‑deficient tau mutant (tauT205A; n = 4), or eGFP as a negative control (n = 2). Following postoperative recovery, mice underwent fear conditioning. Hippocampal tissue was collected 120 minutes after conditioning, prior to induction of transgene expression. Temporal control of tau, tauT205A, or eGFP expression was achieved by doxycycline withdrawal, allowing expression during a defined 20‑hour window corresponding to neuronal activity associated with fear memory encoding. Tau protein was subsequently immunoprecipitated from hippocampal lysates and subjected to bottom‑up phosphoproteomic analysis. Immunoprecipitated tau was reduced, alkylated, and digested with trypsin, followed by enrichment of phosphopeptides using titanium dioxide (TiO₂) affinity chromatography. Enriched phosphopeptides were buffer‑exchanged, dried by vacuum centrifugation, resuspended, and analysed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‑MS/MS). This dataset enables comparative analysis of tau phosphorylation patterns associated with neuronal activation during fear learning and provides insight into the role of the T205 phosphorylation site in activity‑dependent tau regulation.
Project description:N-terminal (Nt)-acetylation is a highly prevalent co-translational protein modification in eukaryotes, catalyzed by at least five Nt-acetyltransferases (Nat) with differing specificities. Nt-acetylation has been implicated in protein quality control but its broad biological significance remains elusive. We investigated the roles of the two major Nats of S. cerevisiae, NatA and NatB, by performing transcriptome and translatome profiling by using mRNA sequencing and ribosome profiling. The results are combined with global proteome, aggregome and stabilome datasets. To analyze previously proposed physiolocal roles of NatA and NatB in yeast cells on protein stability and interaction specific growth conditions such as different growth media and heat stress are used in addition to physiological growth.
Project description:In eukaryotes, the N-terminal acetylation (NTA) is one of the most frequent protein modifications. In many organisms, and especially in plants, its biological function remains a mystery. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a large part of the proteome acetylation is catalyzed co-translationally by the action of the core NatA complex, which consitst of NAA10 and NAA15, respectively the catalytic and ribosome-anchoring subunits. This complex interacts with the NAA50 protein (NatE), which also has an N-acetyltransferase in organisms such as human and fruit fly. This project focuses on the effect of AtNAA50 knockouts on the activity of the essential NatA complex.
Project description:This dataset describes the mass spectrometric identification of phosphorylation sites on tau protein isolated from the hippocampus of tau knockout (tau‑/‑) mice during spatial reference learning. Tau expression was selectively reintroduced into hippocampal neurons using adeno‑associated viral (AAV) vectors to enable controlled investigation of tau phosphorylation under defined behavioural conditions. Tau‑/‑ mice received bilateral injections into the dorsal and ventral hippocampus with either AAV‑syn1‑d2tTA‑tau or the control vector AAV‑syn1‑d2tTA‑eGFP. Following postoperative recovery, mice were trained in a spatial reference learning paradigm (day 2 of Morris water maze). Temporal control of tau or eGFP expression was achieved using the doxycycline-regulated d2tTA system, with induction on day 2 of training. Hippocampal tissue was collected at this time point for biochemical analysis. Tau protein was immunoprecipitated from hippocampal lysates and subjected to bottom‑up proteomic analysis. Immunoprecipitated material was reduced, alkylated, and digested with trypsin. Phosphopeptides were subsequently enriched using titanium dioxide (TiO₂) affinity chromatography. Enriched phosphopeptides underwent buffer exchange, vacuum centrifugation, and resuspension prior to liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‑MS/MS) analysis.