Diamante Lake Red Biofilms
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB19380 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERR1824222.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Diamante Lake Red Biofilm Metatranscriptome
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Project description:Arsenic metabolism is proposed to be an ancient mechanism in microbial life. Different bacteria and archaea use detoxification processes to grow under high arsenic concentration. Some of them are also able to use arsenic as a bioenergetic substrate in either anaerobic arsenate respiration or chemolithotrophic growth on arsenite. However, among the archaea, bioenergetic arsenic metabolism has only been found in the Crenarchaeota phylum. Here we report the discovery of haloarchaea (Euryarchaeota phylum) biofilms forming under the extreme environmental conditions such as high salinity, pH and arsenic concentration at 4589 m above sea level inside a volcano crater in Diamante Lake, Argentina. Metagenomic analyses revealed a surprisingly high abundance of genes used for arsenite oxidation (aioBA) and respiratory arsenate reduction (arrCBA) suggesting that these haloarchaea use arsenic compounds as bioenergetics substrates. We showed that several haloarchaea species, not only from this study, have all genes required for these bioenergetic processes. The phylogenetic analysis of aioA showed that haloarchaea sequences cluster in a novel and monophyletic group, suggesting that the origin of arsenic metabolism in haloarchaea is ancient. Our results also suggest that arsenite chemolithotrophy likely emerged within the archaeal lineage. Our results give a broad new perspective on the haloarchaea metabolism and shed light on the evolutionary history of arsenic bioenergetics.
| S-EPMC4737923 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Metagenomics of Diamante Hot Spring
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Project description:Environmental alkali multi-extreme lake Metagenome
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Project description:Biofilm formation is an important virulence trait of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. We have combined gene overexpression, strain barcoding and microarray profiling to screen a library of 531 C. albicans conditional overexpression strains (~10% of the genome) for genes affecting biofilm development in mixed-population experiments. The overexpression of 16 genes increased strain occupancy within a multi-strain biofilm, whereas overexpression of 4 genes decreased it. The set of 16 genes was significantly enriched for those encoding predicted glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-modified proteins, namely Ihd1/Pga36, Phr2, Pga15, Pga19, Pga22, Pga32, Pga37, Pga42 and Pga59; eight of which have been classified as pathogen-specific. Validation experiments using either individually- or competitively-grown overexpression strains revealed that the contribution of these genes to biofilm formation was variable and stage-specific. Deeper functional analysis of PGA59 and PGA22 at a single-cell resolution using atomic force microscopy showed that overexpression of either gene increased C. albicans ability to adhere to an abiotic substrate. However, unlike PGA59, PGA22 overexpression led to cell cluster formation that resulted in increased sensitivity to shear forces and decreased ability to form a single-strain biofilm. Within the multi-strain environment provided by the PGA22-non overexpressing cells, PGA22-overexpressing cells were protected from shear forces and fitter for biofilm development. Ultrastructural analysis, genome-wide transcript profiling and phenotypic analyses in a heterologous context suggested that PGA22 affects cell adherence through alteration of cell wall structure and/or function. Taken together, our findings reveal that several novel predicted GPI-modified proteins contribute to the cooperative behaviour between biofilm cells and are important participants during C. albicans biofilm formation. Moreover, they illustrate the power of using signature tagging in conjunction with gene overexpression for the identification of novel genes involved in processes pertaining to C. albicans virulence.
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Project description:The red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae inhabits extreme environments of high temperature, high acidity, and the presence of high concentrations of heavy metals and sulphites that are lethal to most other forms of life. However, information is scarce on the precise adaptation mechanisms of this extremophile to such hostile conditions. Gaining such information is important for understanding the evolution of microorganisms in the early stages of life on Earth because these extreme environments are similar. By analyzing the remodeling of the global transcriptome upon long-term exposure of C. merolae to extremely high concentrations of nickel, the key adaptive metabolic pathways and associated molecular components were identified. Our work shows that long-term Ni exposure of C. merolae cells leads to the lagged metabolic switch demonstrated by transcriptional upregulation of the metabolic pathways critical for cell survival such as DNA replication, cell cycle, and protein quality control with the concomitant downregulation of energetically costly processes including assembly of the photosynthetic apparatus and lipid biosynthesis. This study paves the way for the multi-omic studies of the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress adaptation in phototrophs, as well as the development of the rational approaches for bioremediation of contaminated aquatic environments by modifying expression of the critical molecular components identified here.
2025-05-14 | GSE284716 | GEO