Hexaplex PCR typing of P. acnes
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REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is a ubiquitous skin commensal bacterium that is generally well tolerated by the immune system. Different strain-types of C. acnes have been reported to be enriched on patients with acne. To understand if these strain-types contribute to skin inflammation, we generated a library of over 200 C. acnes isolates from skin swabs of healthy and acne subjects and assessed their strain-level identity and inflammatory potential. Phylotype II K-type strains were more frequent on healthy and acne non-lesional skin compared to lesional. Phylotype IA-1 C-type strains were dominant on acne lesional skin but absent from healthy. Measurement of host cytokine responses from C. acnes supernatant revealed neither strain-type nor skin-type association predicted inflammatory potential. However, differential proinflammatory responses were induced from identical strain-types, but these differences were not attributable to protease, short chain fatty acid or porphyrin production. Instead, whole genome sequencing revealed the presence of a linear plasmid in high inflammatory strain-types. Intradermal injection of C. acnes in mouse skin revealed a plasmid-associated inflammatory response in dermal fibroblasts, revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. We conclude that C. acnes strain-type is not sufficient to predict inflammation but other virulence factors including a plasmid may contribute to disease.
2023-08-18 | GSE211279 | GEO
Project description:Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of male cancer deaths in the United States and Europe. Current evidence implicates an inflammatory mechanism as a cause of prostate carcinogenesis. Here we show that the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is prevalent in prostate glandular tissues: 70% of benign hyperplasia and 81% of cancer tissue samples tested positive for the bacterium. Live P. acnes bacteria were isolated from cancerous prostates and co-cultured with epithelial prostate cells to confirm they were cell invasive. Transcriptome and ELISA studies revealed that P. acnes induced a strong inflammatory response in prostate cells, resulting in the secretion of cytokines and chemokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. In addition, P. acnes triggered the COX prostaglandin and the plasminogen-matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) pathways. Strikingly, long-term exposure of non-tumorigenic prostate cells to P. acnes resulted in loss of E-cadherin, altered betacatenin levels and localization, increased cellular migration, and conferred anchorage- independent growth. Our work adds to the growing body of work highlighting the presence of viruses and bacteria in cancerous prostate tissues and strongly suggests that P. acnes infection could lead to malignant transformation of prostate cells.
2010-12-22 | GSE18109 | GEO
Project description:The anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium Propionibacterium acnes is a human skin commensal, but is occasionally associated with inflammatory diseases. Recent work has indicated that evolutionary distinct lineages of P. acnes play etiologic roles in disease while others are associated with health. To shed light on the molecular basis for differential strain properties, we carried out genomic and transcriptomic analysis of distinct P. acnes strains. We sequenced the genome of the P. acnes strain 266, a type I-1a sequence type (ST) 18 strain. Comparative genome analysis of strain 266 and four other P. acnes strains revealed that overall genome plasticity is relatively low; however, a number of island-like genomic regions, encoding a variety of putative virulence-associated and fitness traits, differ between phylotypes. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that 225 genes of strain KPA171202 (type I-2, ST34) were differentially transcribed in strain 266 during exponential growth. 47% of these genes belong to the strain-specific gene content of strain KPA171202, indicating that strain-specific functions are utilized. Next, we studied differential expression during exponential and stationary growth phases. Genes encoding components of the energy-conserving respiratory chain as well as secreted and virulence-associated factors were transcribed during the exponential phase, while the stationary growth phase was characterized by up-regulation of genes involved in the stress response and amino acid metabolism. Taken together, our data highlight the genomic basis for strain diversity and identify, for the first time, the transcribed part of the genome, underling the important role active growth plays in the inflammatory activity of P. acnes. We argue that the disease-causing potential of different P. acnes strains is not only determined by variable genome content but also, and to a greater degree, by variable transcriptomes.
2011-07-01 | GSE26738 | GEO
Project description:Propionibacterium acnes 266 genome sequencing
| PRJNA56091 | ENA
Project description:Propionibacterium acnes 6609 genome sequencing
| PRJNA66845 | ENA
Project description:Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of male cancer deaths in the United States and Europe. Current evidence implicates an inflammatory mechanism as a cause of prostate carcinogenesis. Here we show that the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is prevalent in prostate glandular tissues: 70% of benign hyperplasia and 81% of cancer tissue samples tested positive for the bacterium. Live P. acnes bacteria were isolated from cancerous prostates and co-cultured with epithelial prostate cells to confirm they were cell invasive. Transcriptome and ELISA studies revealed that P. acnes induced a strong inflammatory response in prostate cells, resulting in the secretion of cytokines and chemokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. In addition, P. acnes triggered the COX prostaglandin and the plasminogen-matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) pathways. Strikingly, long-term exposure of non-tumorigenic prostate cells to P. acnes resulted in loss of E-cadherin, altered betacatenin levels and localization, increased cellular migration, and conferred anchorage- independent growth. Our work adds to the growing body of work highlighting the presence of viruses and bacteria in cancerous prostate tissues and strongly suggests that P. acnes infection could lead to malignant transformation of prostate cells. Microarray experiments were performed as dual-color hybridizations. To compensate for dye-specific effects, a dye-reversal color-swap was applied. Ratio profiles comprising color-swap hybridizations were combined in an error-weighted fashion to create ratio experiments. A 1.5–fold change expression cut-off for ratio experiments was applied together with anti-correlation of color-swap ratio profiles rendering the microarray analysis highly significant (P-value > 0.01), robust and reproducible.
2010-12-22 | E-GEOD-18109 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Propionibacterium acnes Genome sequencing
| PRJNA247994 | ENA
Project description:Individual acne comedones can undergo spontaneous remission in association with shrunken sebaceous glands (SGs) containing undifferentiated cells under unknown mechanisms. It is also still controversial whether sebum-induced follicular Propionibacterium acnes（P. acnes）interacts with the SGs. We explored the effects of P. acnes and peptidoglycan (PGN) on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation, lipogenesis and differentiation in cultured human SZ95 sebocytes in vitro. Both formaldehyde-inactivated P. acnes and PGN upregulated mRNA levels of AhR charachteristic downstream genes CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP1A2, as well as significantly induced translocation of AhR protein from cytoplasm into nucleus. GSEA revealed pathways of downregulated lipogenesis and upregulated keratinization. In addition, P.acnes and PGN inhibited linoleic acid(LA)-induced neutral lipid synthesis and expressions of Keratin 7 and Mucin1/EMA (sebocyte markers) and increased the expression of Keratin 10 and involucrin (keratinocyte markers), which were abolished after AhR gene silencing. Moreover, inhibited expressions of lipogenesis-related genes such as SREBP1 were observed. In conclusion, we provide evidence that P. acnes can switch sebocytes into a keratinocyte-like differentiation with reduced lipogenesis via AhR, indicating that follicular P. acnes should not only be considered as acnegenic but also as a factor promoting acne remission through feedback regulation of sebum production.
2019-07-16 | GSE134259 | GEO
Project description:The anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium Propionibacterium acnes is a human skin commensal, but is occasionally associated with inflammatory diseases. Recent work has indicated that evolutionary distinct lineages of P. acnes play etiologic roles in disease while others are associated with health. To shed light on the molecular basis for differential strain properties, we carried out genomic and transcriptomic analysis of distinct P. acnes strains. We sequenced the genome of the P. acnes strain 266, a type I-1a sequence type (ST) 18 strain. Comparative genome analysis of strain 266 and four other P. acnes strains revealed that overall genome plasticity is relatively low; however, a number of island-like genomic regions, encoding a variety of putative virulence-associated and fitness traits, differ between phylotypes. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that 225 genes of strain KPA171202 (type I-2, ST34) were differentially transcribed in strain 266 during exponential growth. 47% of these genes belong to the strain-specific gene content of strain KPA171202, indicating that strain-specific functions are utilized. Next, we studied differential expression during exponential and stationary growth phases. Genes encoding components of the energy-conserving respiratory chain as well as secreted and virulence-associated factors were transcribed during the exponential phase, while the stationary growth phase was characterized by up-regulation of genes involved in the stress response and amino acid metabolism. Taken together, our data highlight the genomic basis for strain diversity and identify, for the first time, the transcribed part of the genome, underling the important role active growth plays in the inflammatory activity of P. acnes. We argue that the disease-causing potential of different P. acnes strains is not only determined by variable genome content but also, and to a greater degree, by variable transcriptomes. Microarray experiments were performed as dual-color hybridizations. In order to compensate specific effects of the dyes and to ensure statistically relevant data analysis, a color-swap dye-reversal was performed. Two different labeling methods were applied. RNA labeling was performed with the two color Quick Amp Labeling Kit (Agilent Technologies) using FullSpectrum MultiStart Primer for T7 IVT RNA Amplification (BioCat GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) as random T7 labeling. Alternatively, the total RNA samples were amplified with the TransPlex Whole Transcriptome Amplification Kit (Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany) and labeled with BioPrime Plus Array CGH Indirect Genomic Labeling System (Invitrogen, Karlsruhe, Germany) as WTA BioPrime indirect. Both methods were compared and combined for final data analysis.
2011-07-01 | E-GEOD-26738 | biostudies-arrayexpress