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Endonuclease G promotes hepatic mitochondrial respiration by selectively increasing mitochondrial tRNAThr production

ABSTRACT: Endonuclease G promotes hepatic mitochondrial respiration by selectively increasing mitochondrial tRNAThr production

PROVIDER: PRJNA1201788 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR31803149.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR31803150.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR31803151.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR31803152.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR31803153.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Endonuclease G promotes hepatic mitochondrial respiration by selectively increasing mitochondrial tRNAThr production

Project description:Mitochondrial endonuclease G (EndoG) contributes to chromosomal degradation when it is released from mitochondria during apoptosis. It is presumed to also have a mitochondrial function because EndoG deficiency causes mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the mechanism by which EndoG regulates mitochondrial function is not known. Fat accumulation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which is more common in men, is caused in part by mitochondrial dysfunction. EndoG expression is reduced in MASLD liver, and EndoG deficiency causes MASLD in an obesity-independent manner but only in males. EndoG promotes mitochondrial respiration by resolving mitochondrial tRNA/DNA hybrids formed during mtDNA transcription by recruiting RNA helicase DHX30 to unwind them. EndoG also cleaves off the 3'-end of the H-strand transcript that can prevent mt-tRNAThr precursor cloverleaf-folding, and processing, which increases mt-tRNAThr production and mitochondrial translation. Using fluorescent lifetime imaging microscopy technology to visualize oxygen consumption at the individual mitochondrion level, we found that EndoG deficiency leads to the selective loss of a mitochondrial subpopulation with high-oxygen consumption. This defect was reversed with mt-tRNAThr supplementation. Thus, EndoG promotes mitochondrial respiration by selectively regulating the production of mt-tRNAThr in male mice.

2024-12-27 | GSE285206 | GEO

Chronic Caloric Restriction Preserves Mitochondrial Function in Senescence Without Increasing Mitochondrial Biogenesis

Project description:Caloric restriction (CR) without malnutrition appears to mitigate many detrimental effects of aging, in particular the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. Although the mechanisms responsible for this protective effect remain unclear, CR is commonly believed to increase mitochondrial biogenesis; a concept that is now demanding closer scrutiny. Here we show that lifelong CR in mice prevents age-related loss of mitochondrial function, measured in isolated mitochondria and permeabilized muscle fibers. We find that these beneficial effects of CR occur without increasing mitochondrial abundance. Furthermore, whole-genome expression profiling and large-scale proteomic surveys revealed expression patterns inconsistent with increased mitochondrial biogenesis. These observations, combined with lower protein synthesis rates support an alternative hypothesis that CR preserves mitochondrial function not by increasing mitochondrial biogenesis, but rather by decreasing mitochondrial oxidant emission, increasing antioxidant scavenging, thereby minimizing oxidative damage to cellular components. Cross-sectional comparison of skeletal muscle from young (8mo), old (24mo) and old caloric restricted mice, obtained from the colony maintained on behalf of the National Institute on Aging.

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Zinc Transporter 8 Haploinsufficiency Protects Against Beta Cell Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes by Increasing Mitochondrial Respiration

Project description:Zinc Transporter 8 Haploinsufficiency Protects Against Beta Cell Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes by Increasing Mitochondrial Respiration

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GNPS GCMS Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration LCMS data

Project description:Description Mitochondrial respiration in mammalian cells not only generates ATP to meet their own energy needs but also couples with biosynthetic pathways to produce metabolites that can be exported to support neighboring cells. However, how defects in mitochondrial respiration influence these biosynthetic and exporting pathways remains poorly understood. In this study we used targeted-metabolomics to investigate how inhibition of mitochondrial respiration influences the intracellular and extracellular metabolome.

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Chronic Caloric Restriction Preserves Mitochondrial Function in Senescence Without Increasing Mitochondrial Biogenesis

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Releasing the mitochondrial respiration brake MCJ/DnaJC15 enhances CD8 CAR-T cell therapy efficacy

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