Mouse gut microbiota
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1227744 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:It has been shown in vitro that only specific dietary-fibers contribute to immunity but studies in vivo are not conclusive. Here we investigated degree of polymerization (DP) dependent effects of β2→1-fructans on immunity via microbiota-dependent and -independent effects. To this end, conventional or germ-free mice received short- or long-chain β2→1-fructan for 5 days. Immune cell populations in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and Peyer's patches (PPs) were analyzed with flow cytometry, genome-wide gene expression in the ileum was measured with microarray, and gut microbiota composition was analyzed with 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples. We found that β2→1-fructans modulated immunity by both microbiota and microbiota-independent effects. Moreover, effects were dependent on the chain-length of the β2→1-fructans type polymer. Both short- and long-chain β2→1-fructans enhanced T-helper 1 cells in Peyer's patches, whereas only short-chain β2→1-fructans increased regulatory T cells and CD11b-CD103- DCs in the MLN. A common feature after short- and long-chain β2→1-fructan treatment was enhanced Fut2 expression and other IL-22-dependent genes in the ileum of conventional mice. These effects were not associated with shifts in gut microbiota composition, or altered production of short-chain fatty acids. Both short- and long-chain β2→1-fructans also induced immune effects in germ-free animals, demonstrating direct effect independent from the gut microbiota. Also, these effects were dependent on the chain-length of the β2→1-fructans. Short-chain β2→1-fructan induced lower CD80 expression by CD11b-CD103- DCs in PPs, whereas long-chain β2→1-fructan specifically modulated B cell responses in germ-free mice. In conclusion, support of immunity is determined by the chemical structure of β2→1-fructans and is partially microbiota-independent.
2018-03-22 | GSE94516 | GEO
Project description:Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) induces alterations in the gut microbiota composition, significantly impacting neuroinflammation post-ICH. However, the impact of gut microbiota absence on neuroinflammation following ICH-induced brain injury remain unexplored. Here, we observed that the gut microbiota absence was associated with reduced neuroinflammation, alleviated neurological dysfunction, and mitigated gut barrier dysfunction post-ICH. In contrast, recolonization of microbiota from ICH-induced SPF mice by transplantation of fecal microbiota (FMT) exacerbated brain injury and gut impairment post-ICH. Additionally, microglia with transcriptional changes mediated the protective effects of gut microbiota absence on brain injury, with Apoe emerging as a hub gene. Subsequently, Apoe deficiency in peri-hematomal microglia was associated with improved brain injury. Finally, we revealed that gut microbiota influence brain injury and gut impairment via gut-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFA).
2024-05-13 | GSE266602 | GEO
Project description:This study in rats was designed to investigate whether whole rhye (WR) can influence the metabolism of n-3 and n-6 long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) and gut microbiota composition. For 12 weeks, rats were fed a diet containing either 50% WR or 50% refined rye (RR). Total bacterial DNA was extracted from fecal and cecal samples (n=5 per group). 16S PCR amplification was performed to assess the microbial diversity at the family level using the HuGChip. Amplified DNA was purified and labelled with either Cy3 or Cy5 dye and hybridized on the microarray. A 15 chip study was realized, each corresponding to hybridization with 250ng of labelled 16S rRNA gene amplicons from either mice fecal and cecal samples. Each probe (4441) was synthetized in three replicates.
2015-08-06 | E-GEOD-71726 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The human gut microbiota plays a vital role in host health by acting as a barrier against pathogens, boosting the immune system, and metabolizing complex carbon sources into beneficial compounds such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). However, external factors like diet and xenobiotics, including food colorants, can impact this microbial community. Brilliant blue FCF (E-133), a common food dye that is not absorbed or metabolized by the body, thus, leading to significant exposure of the gut microbiota, and its effects on it are not well-documented. This study investigated the impact of brilliant blue on the simplified human gut microbiota model (SIHUMIx) over a seven-day exposure period, followed by a four-day recovery phase. Using continuous culture bioreactors along with metaproteomic and metabolomic analyses, the research uncovered substantial structural and functional changes in the microbiota. Our findings showed alterations in the species abundance such as B. thetaiotaomicron, B. longum, and C. butyricum, reductions in energy metabolism by-products, particularly lactate and butyrate, and disruptions in metabolic pathways involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and amino acids. The results indicate that brilliant blue exposure compromises microbiota stability and functionality, highlighting the need for further research on its long-term effects and recovery mechanisms. This study underscores the importance of assessing the impacts of food additives on gut microbiota as part of comprehensive health risk evaluations.
2025-05-07 | PXD055767 | Pride
Project description:This study in rats was designed to investigate whether whole rhye (WR) can influence the metabolism of n-3 and n-6 long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) and gut microbiota composition. For 12 weeks, rats were fed a diet containing either 50% WR or 50% refined rye (RR). Total bacterial DNA was extracted from fecal and cecal samples (n=5 per group). 16S PCR amplification was performed to assess the microbial diversity at the family level using the HuGChip. Amplified DNA was purified and labelled with either Cy3 or Cy5 dye and hybridized on the microarray.
2015-08-06 | GSE71726 | GEO
Project description:Dietary lipids can affect metabolic health through gut microbiota-mediated mechanisms, but the influence of lipid-microbiota interaction on liver steatosis is unknown. We investigated the effect of dietary lipid composition on human microbiota in an observational study and combined diet experiments with microbiota transplants to study lipid-microbiota interactions and liver status in mice. In humans, low intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was associated with increased microbial diversity independent of fiber intake. In mice, cecum levels of SFA correlated negatively with microbial diversity and were associated with a shift in butyrate and propionate producers. Mice fed poorly absorbed SFA had improved metabolism and liver status. These features were transmitted by microbial transfer. Diets enriched in n-6- and/or n-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids were protective against steatosis but had minor influence on the microbiota. In summary, we find that unabsorbed SFA correlate with microbiota features that may be targeted to decrease liver steatosis.
2023-08-03 | GSE222060 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut microbiota have dual beneficial anti-inflammatory and anti-dysbiotic effects associated with the prevention of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in mice. We have conducted a single-arm trial of a dietary supplement (HAMSAB), to determine the effects of increasing SCFA delivery in adults with long-standing T1D. Particularly, we examined blood transcriptome in these patients using RNA-seq. Methods: Blood was collected from patients at baseline and after 6 weeks of HAMSAB supplementation. Whole blood was collected directly into Paxgene or Tempus tubes containing RNA stabilisers and extracted according to the manufacturer's protocol. Next-gene sequencing of patients’ whole blood transcriptome was performed by Genewiz using Illumina NovaSeq platform obtaining sequence depth of 50 million reads/sample. Results: Several signalling pathways including fatty acid oxidation were found to be regulated by HAMSAB
2022-01-26 | GSE176230 | GEO
Project description:Eriocitrin, found in lemon fruit, has shown a wide range of biological properties. Herein, to evaluate the intestinal metabolic profile of eriocitrin in colon, the flavonoids in mice colon contents were identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS), and a total of 136 flavonoids were found, including eriocitrin and its six metabolites (eriodictyol, homoeriodictyol, hesperetin, eriodictyol-3'-O-glucoside, hesperetin-7-O-glucoside and eriodictyol-7-O-(6''-O-galloyl) glucoside). Mice colon contents were used for 16S rDNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS). Resultu showed that eriocitrin significantly alters the beta diversity of the gut microbiota, the probiotics such as Lachnospiraceae_UCG_006 were significantly enriched, and the production of butyrate, valerate and hexanoate in the colon pool of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were significant increased. The spearman's association analysis performed some intestinal bacteria may be involved in the metabolism of eriocitrin. Collectively, our results preliminarily suggesting the metabolism of eriocitrin in the gut, demonstrate alterations of eriocitrin on gut microbiota, which warrants further investigation to determine its potential use in food and biomedical applications.
2022-11-30 | GSE218729 | GEO
Project description:The effect of oral microbiota on the intestinal microbiota has garnered growing attention as a mechanism linking periodontal diseases to systemic diseases. However, the salivary microbiota is diverse and comprises numerous bacteria with a largely similar composition in healthy individuals and periodontitis patients. Thus, the systemic effects of small differences in the oral microbiota are unclear. In this study, we explored how health-associated and periodontitis-associated salivary microbiota differently colonized the intestine and their subsequent systemic effects by analyzing the hepatic gene expression and serum metabolomic profiles. The salivary microbiota was collected from a healthy individual and a periodontitis patient and gavaged into C57BL/6NJcl[GF] mice. Samples were collected five weeks after administration. Gut microbial communities were analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Hepatic gene expression profiles were analyzed using a DNA microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Serum metabolites were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The gut microbial composition at the genus level was significantly different between periodontitis-associated microbiota-administered (PAO) and health-associated oral microbiota-administered (HAO) mice. The hepatic gene expression profile demonstrated a distinct pattern between the two groups, with higher expression of Neat1, Mt1, Mt2, and Spindlin1, which are involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. Disease-associated metabolites such as 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid and hydroxybenzoic acid were elevated in PAO mice. These metabolites were significantly correlated with Bifidobacterium, Atomobium, Campylobacter, and Haemophilus, which are characteristic taxa in PAO mice. Conversely, health-associated oral microbiota were associated with higher levels of beneficial serum metabolites in HAO mice. The multi-omics approach used in this study revealed that periodontitis-associated oral microbiota is associated with the induction of disease phenotype when they colonized the gut of germ-free mice.
2022-08-17 | GSE198570 | GEO
Project description:We analyzed gut microbiota composition in stool, inflammation factor and short chain fatty acid (SCFAs) in plasma, inflammatory and permeability marker in intestinal mucosa in inflammatory depression patients.
2024-03-06 | PXD050388 |