Project description:Polymyxin B is considered as a last-resort antibiotic for multidrug-resistant or extensively drug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. Addressing Salmonella resistance to polymyxin B is crucial for global public health. In this study, transcriptomic detection and analysis were used to clarify the mechanisms by which CpxA-deleted S.typhimurium is involved in resistance to polymyxin B stress, which may be related to processes such as increased assembly of bacterial flagella.
Project description:Incomplete antibiotic removal in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants (PWWTPs) could lead to the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs) and genes (ARGs) in the environment, posing a growing public health threat. In this study, two multiantibiotic-resistant bacteria, Ochrobactrum intermedium (N1) and Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila (N2), were isolated from the sludge of a PWWTP in Guangzhou, China. The N1 strain was highly resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and norfloxacin, while the N2 strain exhibited high resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and cefazolin. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that N1 and N2 had genome sizes of 0.52 Mb and 0.37 Mb, respectively, and harbored 33 and 24 ARGs, respectively. The main resistance mechanism in the identified ARGs included efflux pumps, enzymatic degradation, and target bypass, with the N1 strain possessing more multidrug-resistant efflux pumps than the N2 strain (22 vs 12). This also accounts for the broader resistance spectrum of N1 than of N2 in antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Additionally, both genomes contain numerous mobile genetic elements (89 and 21 genes, respectively) and virulence factors (276 and 250 factors, respectively), suggesting their potential for horizontal transfer and pathogenicity. Overall, this research provides insights into the potential risks posed by ARBs in pharmaceutical wastewater and emphasizes the need for further studies on their impact and mitigation strategies.
Project description:Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the world’s major infectious diseases affecting nations with limited public health resources. Multidrug resistance development has seriously compromised therapeutic treatment choices. The pathology of latent TB shows evidence of a reservoir of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in the lungs of affected individuals. If the pathogen is contained by the immune system, no overt disease symptoms occur. The environmental and internal triggers leading to disease reactivation are not well understood. Proteomic investigations of blood plasma and sputum derived from subjects with active TB versus latent TB versus healthy individuals may yield new biomarkers and, when surveying larger longitudinally monitored cohorts, may discriminate infection outcomes in an endemic setting.
Project description:Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and Drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) are critical points for public health for persistently remaining microorganisms after treatment may pose a risk. This study aimed to conduct microbial metagenomic analyses on waters from both DWTPs and WWTPs under the Istanbul Water and Sewerage Administration (ISKI). In this study a total of 52 samples were included, comprising 18 samples from DWTPs and 34 from WWTPs. All water samples underwent pre-isolation filtration. DNA isolation was conducted using filter material, followed by library preparation and sequencing on a NovaSeq 6000 instrument following the manufacturer's guidelines.