Ellagic Acid Enhances Longevity and Healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans via Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling Pathway
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1256281 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR33364448_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR33364448_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR33364449_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR33364449_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The role of ellagic acid (EA), a natural antioxidant, in regulating anti-aging and its underlying mechanisms remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the anti-aging effects and molecular mechanisms of EA in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our results demonstrate that EA extends the lifespan of C. elegans, enhances motility, reduces lipofuscin accumulation, and improves overall healthspan. Additionally, EA reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in C. elegans under conditions of heat and oxidative stress. The insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway, a key regulator of longevity and stress resistance in C. elegans, was found to mediate EA's effects. EA treatment did not extend the lifespan of mutants defective in daf-2, daf-16, hsf-1, hlh-30, and skn-1, confirming that EA’s lifespan-extending effect operates through the IIS pathway. Furthermore, EA treatment increased the expression of stress response genes downstream of the IIS pathway. Based on RNA sequencing data, we further explored the molecular mechanisms and potential regulatory roles of EA in anti-aging.
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Project description:Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling (IIS) is known to constrain longevity by inhibiting the transcription factor FOXO. How phosphorylation mediated by IIS kinases regulates lifespan beyond FOXO remains unclear. Here, we profile IIS-dependent phosphorylation changes in a large-scale quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of wild-type and three IIS mutant Caenorhabditis elegans strains. We quantify more than 15,000 phosphosites and find that 476 of these are differentially phosphorylated in the long-lived daf-2/insulin receptor mutant. We develop a machine learning-based method to prioritize 25 potential lifespan-related phosphosites. We perform validations to show that AKT-1 pT492 inhibits DAF-16/FOXO and compensates the loss of daf-2 function, that EIF-2α pS49 potently inhibits protein synthesis and daf-2 longevity, and that reduced phosphorylation of multiple germline proteins apparently transmits reduced DAF-2 signaling to the soma. In addition, an analysis of kinases with enriched substrates detects that casein kinase 2 (CK2) subunits negatively regulate lifespan. Our study reveals detailed functional insights into longevity.
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Project description:The nuclear chromatin landscape changes with age – a phenomenon observed across many species, including humans. Notably, perturbing this landscape can alter the rate of aging, indicating at least a partial role in controlling this process. This raises the question of whether chromatin alterations also distinguish animals that age at unusual rates. To explore this, we focused on insulin/IGF-like signaling (IIS) in Caenorhabditis elegans, a well-characterized signaling pathway whose impairment drastically slows aging and extends lifespan of these animals. Specifically, we conducted ATAC- and mRNA-seq in animals with reduced IIS (i.e., daf-2 mutants). Interestingly, we found that enhancer regions tend to close and become transcriptionally repressed with age, but under reduced IIS, they tend to open and become transcriptionally active, suggesting their potential relevance for lifespan regulation. By screening transcription factors (TFs) predicted to bind these regions, we identified the HOX gene LIN-39 as a novel aging-preventive TF required for the longevity of daf-2 mutants. LIN-39 performs this role specifically during development and in neurons. Further investigation showed that LIN-39 was acting around the L3 larval stage and in the hermaphrodite-specific VC class of cholinergic motor neurons – at a time when they undergo maturation. Finally, this LIN-39-dependent longevity required DAF-16/FOXO, a well-established aging-preventive TF that acts downstream of DAF-2, which may synergize with LIN-39 in VC neurons to open enhancer the regions. We ultimately propose a model whereby longevity of daf-2 mutant hermaphrodites requires a longevity-promoting signal emitted by VC neurons – a signal that relies on correct VC neuron maturation around the L3 stage, which in turn is assured by the actions of LIN-39 and resulting chromatin and gene expression changes. This renders LIN-39 a rare example of a developmental determinant of longevity. And given the conservation of IIS, HOX and FOXO TFs, and cholinergic neuron function across species, the here described mechanism may reflect a general principle by which developmental transcriptional programs shape adult longevity.
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Project description:Analysis of gene expression in long-lived daf-2 mutants for the insulin/IGF-1 receptor. daf-2(e1370) and daf-2(m577) alleles each examined as single and as double mutations with the daf-16(df50) allele. DAF-2 regulates DAF-16, a transcription factor. Results provide insight into longevity.
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Project description:LIN-39 functions as a neuron-specific developmental determinant of longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans with reduced insulin/IGF-like signaling [RNA-seq]
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Project description:LIN-39 functions as a neuron-specific developmental determinant of longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans with reduced insulin/IGF-like signaling [ATAC-seq]
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