A Single-Cell Transcriptomic Atlas of the Pigtail Macaque Placenta in Late Gestation
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1306396 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:The placenta is a complex organ with multiple immune and non-immune cell types that promotes fetal tolerance and facilitates nutrient and oxygen transfer. Diverse placental structures have evolved to accomplish the singular goal of protecting and nourishing the fetus. The nonhuman primate placenta is the most similar to the human placenta, but the extent to which single cell populations recapitulate those in the human is unknown. As the nonhuman primate is a key experimental model of pregnancy complications, it is essential to understand the degree of similarity in single-cell populations across the maternal-fetal interface. We constructed a single-cell atlas of the placenta from the pigtail macaque in the third trimester, comprised of three different tissues at the maternal-fetal interface: the chorionic villi, chorioamniotic membranes, and the maternal decidua. Each tissue was separately dissociated into single cells and processed through the 10X Genomics single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) pipeline. Samples were aggregated, filtered, and analyzed using Seurat. We performed unsupervised clustering followed by cluster annotation. Additional analyses included determining the maternal-fetal origins of cell populations, scRNA velocity, gene ontology enrichment, and cell-cell communication. The single-cell populations in the pigtail macaque were strikingly similar in their identity and relative frequency to that observed in humans. The third trimester pigtail macaque single-cell atlas enables the identification of cellular sub-clusters that are analogous to the human and provides a powerful resource for understanding the impact of infectious disease and other experimental perturbations on the nonhuman primate placenta.
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Project description:Metabolism is the critical basis for mammalian physiological functions. The systematic metabolic characteristics of major organ development during late gestation to adapt to postnatal environmental changes are still absent. Here, we detected metabolic patterns of the mouse fetal organs, including the heart, stomach, liver, brain, and placenta, from embryonic days (E)15.5 to 19.5 using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with RNA sequencing and proteomics data. Our metabolic and multi-omics data showed that organs exhibited their unique metabolic characteristics during late gestation, and significant metabolic pattern transitions, especially the enhancement of digesting the fatty acids and proteins, occurred at the E16.5 to E18.5 stage. Additionally, we found the abundance of carnosine and histidine in the placenta may serve as a way to test their levels in the newborn brain in vitro. Our dataset provides a comprehensive metabolic landscape of mammalian organ development in late gestation.
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Project description:From gestation day 75 to gestation day 90, an important stage for the placental and fetal development, the fetuses grow rapidly and need adequate nutrition. The Meishan pigs and the Large White pigs employ different ways in supplying the enough nutrients and oxygen to the fetus. The Meishan pigs increased the vascular density and the Large White pigs have the second increase in the surface of placenta. To understand the molecular basis related to late gestation placenta development in Chinese indigenous and Western breeds with different placental efficiency, samples were collected and used to hybridized. The results offered new data on understanding the molecular basis of placenta efficiency, and indicated that Erhualian pigs had the more efficient than the Large White pigs. Experiment Overall Design: Placenta efficiency (the body weight of a piglet divided by the mass of its placenta) of Erhualian pigs is markedly higher than Large White pigs. so placenta samples (female) from 6 Erhuanlian pregnant gilts at gestation day 75 (E75) and day 90 (E90) and 6 Large White pregnant gilts at gestation day 75 (L75) and day 90 (L90) were collected. RNAs from two female piglet placentas from each gilt were combined to 12 pools and hybridized to the porcine Affymetrix GeneChip.
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