Project description:A double cropping system has been commercially adopted in subtropical regions in southern China, where there is abundant sunshine and heat resources. In this viticulture system, the first growing season normally starts as a summer cropping cycle; then, the vine is pruned and forced by hydrogen cyanamide, resulting in a second crop in January of the next year. Due to climate differences between the two growing seasons, flavonoid content and composition varies greatly. In this study, changes in the transcriptome of flavonoid-associated pathways were compared in berries grown under the double cropping system; in addition, the accumulation of flavonoid compounds was compared. Specific alterations in MYB transcription factors occurred in winter cropping berries around veraison. Then, the winter cropping cycle distinctly induced the flavonoid metabolic pathways while triggering the ripening-associated pathways. Notably, the climate conditions in winter cropping positively affected flavonoid biosynthesis, while the summer season took a major toll on anthocyanin accumulation. In addition, the three classes of flavonoid compounds responded differently to the changing climate; the anthocyanins and flavonols were promoted several fold, whereas no consistent increase was found for flavan-3-ols. Conclusively, flavonoid biosynthesis in grapes grown under a double cropping system showed seasonal or climatic-specific accumulation patterns.
Project description:Chayote (Sechium edule) fruits are rich in flavonoids, folate, and low-calorie food. However, studies about the flavonoids and regulatory mechanism of flavonoid synthesis in chayote fruits was still unclear. In present study, a transcriptome analysis and metabolite profiling of chayote fruits at three different storage stages were conducted to explore the flavonoid compositions and gene expression associated with flavonoid synthesis. Through the UPLC-MS/MS analysis, a total of 57 flavonoid compounds were detected. Of these, 42 flavonoid glycosides were significantly differential accumulation in chayote fruits at three different storage stages. Many genes associated with flavonoid synthesis were differentially expressed in chayote fruits at three different storage stages through RNA-seq analysis, including structural genes and some TFs. There was a high correlation between RNA-seq analysis and metabolite profiling, and the expression level of candidate genes in the flavonoid synthesis pathway were consistent with the dynamic changes of flavonoids. In addition, one R2R3-MYB transcription factor, FSG0057100, was defined as the critical regulatory gene of flavonoid synthesis. Furthermore, we treated chayote fruits during storage with phenylalanine, and the results show exogenous phenylalanine applications might promote the flavonoid synthesis. Phenylalanine is a effective additive to maintain or improve the total content flavonoids in chayote fruit during storage, can apply the phenylalanine in the postharvest storage of chayote. The above results not only make us better understand the molecular mechanism of flavonoid synthesis in chayote fruits, but also contribute to the promotion and application of chayote products.
Project description:In the early stages (30 days) of phosphorus deficiency stress, Epimedium pubescens leaves cope with short-term phosphorus deficiency by increasing the expression of related genes such as carbon metabolism, flavonoid synthesis and hormone signal transduction pathways, producing sufficient energy, scavenging ROS, and adjusting plant morphology. However, with the extension of stress duration to 90 days, the expression of genes related to phosphorus cycling and phosphorus recovery (PHT1-4, PHO1 homolog3, PAP) was upregulated, and transcriptional changes and post-transcriptional regulation (miRNA regulation and protein modification) were enhanced to resist long-term phosphorus deficiency stress. In addition, bHLH, MYB, NAC, WRKY and other families also play an important role in regulating gene expression and coping with phosphorus deficiency stress, especially MYB60 negatively regulates flavonoid synthesis pathway, which is significantly down-regulated in leaves treated with phosphorus deficiency for 30 days, thereby promoting the accumulation of flavonoid compounds in leaves.
Project description:The root of Vicatia thibetica de Boiss is a Chinese herb medicine with homology of medicine and food. We first report that HLB01 (the extract of Vicatia thibetica de Boiss root) extends lifespan and promotes healthy parameters in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). In doxorubicin-induced senescent mice, HLB01 counteracts senescence associated biomarkers significantly, including AST, ALT, p21 and γH2AX. Interestingly, HLB01 promotes the level of collagen in C. elegans and mammalian cell systemically, which might be one of the essential factors to exert anti-aging effects of HLB01. In addition, HLB01 can scavenge free radical to perform antioxidant ability. Lifespan extension of HLB01 also dependent on DAF-16 and HSF-1 to perform oxidative stress resistance and heat stress resistance. Taken together, these data indicate that HLB01 extends lifespan and healthspan of C. elegans, resists doxorubicin‐induced senescence in mice via collagen promoting, antioxidant and stress resistance.