Project description:Background: Gq-coupled G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) mediate the actions of a variety of messengers that are key regulators of cardiovascular function. Enhanced Gaq-mediated signaling plays an important role in cardiac hypertrophy and in the transition to heart failure. We have recently described that Gaq acts as an adaptor protein that facilitates PKCz-mediated activation of ERK5 in epithelial cells. Since the ERK5 cascade is known to be involved in cardiac hypertrophy, we have investigated the potential relevance of this pathway in Gq-dependent signaling in cardiac cells. Methodology/Principal Findings: We have explored the mechanisms involved in Gq-coupled GPCR-mediated stimulation of the ERK5 pathway and its functional consequences in cardiac hypertrophy using both cultured cardiac cells and an animal model of angiotensin- dependent induction of cardiac hypertrophy in wild-type and PKCz knockout mice. We find that PKC? is required for the activation of the ERK5 pathway by Gq-coupled GPCR in cardiomyocytes and in cardiac fibroblasts. Stimulation of ERK5 by angiotensin II is blocked upon pharmacological inhibition or siRNA-mediated silencing of PKCz in primary cultures of cardiac cells and in cardiomyocytes isolated from PKCz-deficient mice. Moreover, these mice do not develop cardiac hypertrophy upon chronic challenge with angiotensin II, as assessed by morphological, biomarker, electrocardiographic and global gene expression pattern analysis. Conclusion/Significance: Our data put forward that PKC? is essential for Gq- dependent ERK5 activation in cardiac cells and indicate a key cardiac physiological role for this recently described Gaq/PKCz/MEK5 signaling axis. Littermate wild-type and PKCz -/- male mice (32 weeks of age) were subjected to continuous infusion of angiotensin II (or PBS as a control) for 14 days, a well established model for the induction of cardiac hypertrohy
Project description:Background: Gq-coupled G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) mediate the actions of a variety of messengers that are key regulators of cardiovascular function. Enhanced Gaq-mediated signaling plays an important role in cardiac hypertrophy and in the transition to heart failure. We have recently described that Gaq acts as an adaptor protein that facilitates PKCz-mediated activation of ERK5 in epithelial cells. Since the ERK5 cascade is known to be involved in cardiac hypertrophy, we have investigated the potential relevance of this pathway in Gq-dependent signaling in cardiac cells. Methodology/Principal Findings: We have explored the mechanisms involved in Gq-coupled GPCR-mediated stimulation of the ERK5 pathway and its functional consequences in cardiac hypertrophy using both cultured cardiac cells and an animal model of angiotensin- dependent induction of cardiac hypertrophy in wild-type and PKCz knockout mice. We find that PKCζ is required for the activation of the ERK5 pathway by Gq-coupled GPCR in cardiomyocytes and in cardiac fibroblasts. Stimulation of ERK5 by angiotensin II is blocked upon pharmacological inhibition or siRNA-mediated silencing of PKCz in primary cultures of cardiac cells and in cardiomyocytes isolated from PKCz-deficient mice. Moreover, these mice do not develop cardiac hypertrophy upon chronic challenge with angiotensin II, as assessed by morphological, biomarker, electrocardiographic and global gene expression pattern analysis. Conclusion/Significance: Our data put forward that PKCζ is essential for Gq- dependent ERK5 activation in cardiac cells and indicate a key cardiac physiological role for this recently described Gaq/PKCz/MEK5 signaling axis.
Project description:We created mice, which are deficient for Myc specifically in cardiac myocytes by crossing crossed Myc-floxed mice (Mycfl/fl) and MLC-2VCre/+ mice. Serial analysis of earlier stages of gestation revealed that Myc-deficient mice died prematurely at E13.5-14.5. Morphological analyses of E13.5 Myc-null embryos showed normal ventricular size and structure; however, decreased cardiac myocyte proliferation and increased apoptosis was observed. BrdU incorporation rates were also decreased significantly in Myc-null myocardium. Myc-null mice displayed a 3.67-fold increase in apoptotic cardiomyocytes by TUNEL assay. We examined global gene expression using oligonucleotide microarrays. Numerous genes involved in mitochondrial death pathways were dysregulated including Bnip3L and Birc2. Keywords: wildtype vs Myc-null