Project description:Detection of the altered expression of inflammation associated genes in patients’ blood can provide information regarding the stage of atherosclerotic plaque without undergoing invasive procedures. In the current study, the expression levels of miRNAs within the early stage and advanced stage atherosclerotic plaques was compared with left internal mammary tissue. Each of these tissues was obtained from 8 patients (males-5, females-3), aged 55-80 years, undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Total RNA was isolated using Qiagen miRNeasy Mini Kit. The RNAs from the similar tissue types of 4 patients were pooled together to make one sample for one batch to be sequenced. Similarly, the RNAs from the same tissue type of remaining 4 patients were pooled together to be used as second biological repeat for that tissue. Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA Array v. 4.0.platform was used to analyze miRNA expression.
Project description:Many different subsets of smooth muscle cells (SMC) are present in advanced atherosclerotic plaque. We used single cell sequencing to interrogate the impact of MCP1 made by Lgals+ smooth muscle cells on smooth muscle and immune cell subsets in advanced atherosclerotic plaque
Project description:The aim of the study was to investigate whether the trefoil peptide genes, in concerted action with a miRNA regulatory network, were contributing to nutritional maintrenance. Using a Tff2 knock-out mouse model, 48 specific miRNAs were noted to be significantly deregulated when compared to the wild type strain.
Project description:The aim of the study was to investigate whether the trefoil peptide genes, in concerted action with a miRNA regulatory network, were contributing to nutritional maintrenance. Using a Tff3 knock-out mouse model, 21 specific miRNAs were noted to be significantly deregulated when compared to the wild type strain.
Project description:To describe the protein profile in hippocampus, colon and ileum tissue’ changing after the old faeces transplants, we adopted a quantitative label free proteomics approach.
Project description:Background Rupture or erosion of advanced atherosclerotic lesions with a resultant myocardial infarction or stroke are the leading worldwide cause of death. However, we have a very limited understanding of the identity, origin, and function of many cells that make up late stage atherosclerotic lesions, as well as the mechanisms by which they control plaque stability. Methods and Results Using RNAseq and ChIPseq of advanced atherosclerotic lesions from mice, we provide evidence SMC-specific Klf4- versus Oct4-knockout ApoE-/- mice showed virtually opposite genomic signatures and putative SMC Klf4 or Oct4 target genes play an important role regulating SMC phenotypic changes. Further, we conducted a comprehensive single-cell RNA-seq of advanced human carotid endarterectomy samples and compared these with scRNAseq from murine micro-dissected advanced atherosclerotic lesions with SMC and endothelial lineage tracing to survey all plaque cell types and rigorously determine their origin. This analysis revealed remarkable similarity of transcriptomic clusters between mouse and human lesions and extensive plasticity of SMC- and EC-derived lesion cells. The latter included 7 distinct clusters of SMC- and EC-derived cells, most negative for traditional markers. In particular, SMC contributed to a Myh11-, Lgals3+ population with a chondrocyte-like gene signature that was markedly reduced with SMC-specific conditional knockout of Klf4. To study these cells and the mechanisms of their transition, we developed an innovative dual lineage tracing mouse that can uniquely label and genetically target Myh11+ SMC that subsequently activate Lgals3. We observed that SMC that activate Lgals3 comprise up to 2/3 of all SMC in advanced plaques. However, initial activation of Lgals3 in these cells does not represent conversion to a terminally differentiated state, but rather represents transition of these cells to a unique stem cell marker gene+, ECM-remodeling, “pioneer” cell phenotype that are the first to invest within lesions and subsequently give rise to at least 3 other SMC phenotypes within advanced lesions including Klf4-dependent osteogenic phenotypes likely to contribute to plaque calcification and plaque destabilization. Conclusions Taken together, these results provide evidence that SMC-derived cells within advanced mouse and human atherosclerotic lesions exhibit far greater phenotypic plasticity than generally believed, with Klf4 regulating transition to multiple phenotypes including Lgals3+ osteogenic cells likely to be detrimental for late stage atherosclerosis plaque pathogenesis.