Project description:Wild type steady state chemostats cultures, in dilution rate of 0.3[1/hr] or 0.1[1/hr], and phosphate concentration in the feeding vessel of 0.3 or 0.1mM Pi Wild type cells were grown in a chemostat at a dilution rate of 0.3[1/hr] or 0.1[1/hr], and phosphate concentration in the feeding vessel of 0.3 or 0.1mM Pi. Cells were allowed to reach steady state and then harvested. Total RNA was extracted using MasterPure™ Kit (Epicentre). The samples were amplified, labeled, hybridized to yeast dual color expression microarrays and scanned, all using standard Agilent protocols, reagents, and instruments. The scanned images were analyzed using SpotReader software (Niles Scientific).
Project description:Wild type steady state chemostats cultures, in dilution rate of 0.3[1/hr] or 0.1[1/hr], and phosphate concentration in the feeding vessel of 0.3 or 0.1mM Pi
Project description:Diploid wild type cells in a chemostat, in different times after changing the feeding medium from low to high Pi. Diploid cells were also grown in a chemostat at a dilution rate of 0.3[1/hr] and phosphate concentration in the feeding vessel of 0.3mM Pi. Cells were allowed to reach steady state and then feeding medium was replaced to 7.3mM Pi. Samples from the chemostat were harvested in different times after the transfer (t= 0.35, 2, 5, and 10 days). Total RNA was extracted using MasterPure™ Kit (Epicentre). The samples were amplified, labeled, hybridized to yeast dual color expression microarrays and scanned, all using standard Agilent protocols, reagents, and instruments. The scanned images were analyzed using SpotReader software (Niles Scientific).
Project description:Wild type cells were grown in SC medium and then transferred to no phosphate medium Cells were grown to logarithmic phase in SC medium (OD=0.5), washed and transferred to no phosphate medium (OD = 0.05). During the experiment (t=0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 25 hours) cells were harvested, pelleted and frozen for further analysis. Cell were also grown in a chemostat in a dilution rate of 0.3[1/hr] and phosphate concentration in the feeding vessel of 0.3mM, allowed to reach steady state and then harvested, Total RNA was extracted using MasterPure™ Kit (Epicentre). The samples were amplified, labeled, hybridized to yeast dual color expression microarrays and scanned, all using standard Agilent protocols, reagents, and instruments. The scanned images were analyzed using SpotReader software (Niles Scientific).
Project description:The global transcriptional response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated in low temperature chemostat cultures grown in carbon or nitrogen limitation. During steady state chemostats, the growth rates and in vivo fluxes were kept constant however the growth-limiting nutrient was significantly higher at 12oC than at 30oC and had significant effects on transcriptional responses. Growth at 12oC resulted in a rearrangement of transporters for the limiting nutrient, where hexose transporters (HXTs) and ammonium permeases (MEPs) were differentially expressed in cultures grown at 30oC in carbon and nitrogen limitations, respectively. In addition, we found repression of genes encoding proteins in reserve carbohydrates metabolism and metabolism of alternative carbon or nitrogen sources other than glucose or ammonia. However, there were also similar responses when the transcriptional response was evaluated regardless of the growth-limiting nutrient. In particular, induction of ribosome biogenesis genes emphasizes the significance of transcription and translational adaptation at low temperature. In contrast, genes encoding proteins during stress response were downregulated. This down-regulation of stress elements better known as environmental stress response (ESR) is in contradiction with previous low temperature transcriptome analyses. During continuous steady state low temperature cultivation, ESR no longer plays an integral role in S. cerevisiaeM-bM-^@M-^Ys response to temperature change. Similarly, trehalose accumulation, consistent with its gene expression, was not indispensable for growth at 12oC. This response, however, does not exclude that ESR may be required for transition phase in low temperature growth when cells are transferred from one temperature to another. Keywords: chemostat temperature 12 degree celsuis 30 degree celsius The global transcriptional response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated in low temperature chemostat cultures grown in carbon or nitrogen limitation at a dilution rate of 0.03h-1
Project description:the protrotophic laboratory strain CEN.PK113-7D (MAT a) was grown in laboratory fermentors with a working volume of 1 litre at dilution rates of 0.02, 0.05, 0.10 (in triplicate), 0.20 (in triplicate), 0.25, and 0.33 per hour (in triplicate). At steady state, samples from each of the 12 continuous cultures were taken and cooled below 2 degree C within ten seconds by mixing 50\% sample and 50\% crushed ice.
Project description:In industrial fermentations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, transient changes in oxygen concentration commonly occur and it is important to understand the behaviour of cells during these changes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae CEN.PK113-1A was grown in glucose-limited chemostat culture with 1.0% and 20.9% O2 in the inlet gas (D= 0.10 /h, pH5, 30C). After steady state was achieved, oxygen was replaced with nitrogen and cultures were followed until new steady state was achieved. The overall responses to anaerobic conditions of cells initially in different conditions were very similar. Independent of initial culture conditions, transient downregulation of genes related to growth and cell proliferation, mitochondrial translation and protein import, and sulphate assimilation was seen. In addition, transient or permanent upregulation of genes related to protein degradation, and phosphate and amino acid uptake was observed in all cultures. However, only in the initially oxygen-limited cultures was a transient upregulation of genes related to fatty acid oxidation, peroxisomal biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, response to oxidative stress, and pentose phosphate pathway observed. Furthermore, from the initially oxygen-limited conditions, a rapid response around the metabolites of upper glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway was seen, while from the initially fully aerobic conditions, a slower response around the pathways for utilisation of respiratory carbon sources was observed.
Project description:S. cerevisiae cells (homozygous deletion mutants of BY4743) grown in chemostats, sampled at steady state. Glucose and ammonium limitation, dilution rates 0.1 and 0.2 hr<sup>-1</sup>, gene deletions HO and HAP4 applied.
Project description:Wild type S. cerevisiae cells were grown under glucose or ammonium limitation in fully controlled aerobic chemostat cultures. At steady state, the limited nutrient was introduced into the growth medium in an impulse like manner to recover the medium to its non-limiting conditions. Samples were collected at steady state and following the impulse (20s, 40s, 60s, 8 min, 16 min, 24 min, 32 min, 1 hr, 2hr, 3hr, 4hr, 5hr, 7 hr) until the effect of the perturbation ceased to exist. The last sample was collected the second time the chemostat reached steady state.
Project description:Escherichia coli strain MG1655 was grown in a New Brunswick Scientific Bioflow III Biofermentor under continuous culture (chemostat) conditions. Cells were grown in defined media containing 2 mM glycerol as the sole and limiting source of energy and carbon. The working volume was 200 ml, and the dilution rate 0.2 h-1. For aerobic growth, the air-flow rate was 0.1 l/min, and the dissolved oxygen tension was maintained at ~7% air saturation by measuring oxygen dissolved in the culture using a Broadley James D140 OxyProbe® electrode. For anaerobic growth, cells are grown on 100 % nitrogen gas bubbled at 0.1 l/min Cells were grown as above to steady-state, At steady-state, CORM-3 or iCORM-3 was added to the chemostat culture at a final concentration of 40 uM. Samples were taken immediately prior to the addition of CORM-3 or iCORM-3 and over a time course of 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 min exposure to (i)CORM-3 for subsequent analysis using microarrays. Cells were harvested directly into phenol:ethanol to stabilize RNA, and total RNA was purified using Qiagen’s RNeasy Mini kit as recommended by the suppliers.