Temperature-dependent transcriptional response under anaerobic C and N limitations in Yeast
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae
SUBMITTER: Jean-Marc Daran
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-6190 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Publications
Acclimation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to low temperature: a chemostat-based transcriptome analysis.
Tai Siew Leng SL Daran-Lapujade Pascale P Walsh Michael C MC Pronk Jack T JT Daran Jean-Marc JM
Molecular biology of the cell 20071010 12
Effects of suboptimal temperatures on transcriptional regulation in yeast have been extensively studied in batch cultures. To eliminate indirect effects of specific growth rates that are inherent to batch-cultivation studies, genome-wide transcriptional responses to low temperatures were analyzed in steady-state chemostats, grown at a fixed specific growth rate (0.03 h(-1)). Although in vivo metabolic fluxes were essentially the same in cultures grown at 12 and at 30 degrees C, concentrations of ...[more]
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Project description:In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, glycogen and trehalose are important reserve carbohydrates that accumulate under nutrient limitation in batch cultures. An inherent draw-back of batch studies is that specific growth rate and substrate and product concentrations are variable over time and between cultures. The aim of this present study was to identify the nutritional requirements associated with high accumulation of reserve carbohydrates at a fixed specific growth rate (0.10 h-1) in anaerobic chemostat cultures that were limited by one of five different nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus or zinc). Reserve carbohydrates accumulation is not a general response to nutrient limitation. Over the conditions tested, accumulation occurs essentially under nitrogen (and to a lesser extent carbon) limited conditions. This was confirmed by the transcriptional profile of the genes involved in trehalose biosynthesis. We show that the transcriptional induction of both glycogen and trehalose biosynthesis genes was to a large extent driven by the regulator Msn2/4. However, the main regulatory control of glycogen biosynthesis was post-translational. Under nitrogen limitation, the ratio of glycogen synthase over glycogen phosphorylase increased up to eight-fold, thus enabling an increased flux towards glycogen biosynthesis. Experiment Overall Design: We studied this in anaerobic chemostat cultures at a dilution rate of 0.10 h-1 where growth was limited by five different nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus or zinc limitations). In addition, we studied the expression of these pathways at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and assessed the role of Msn2/4 in mediating transcriptional induction of glycogen and trehalose genes in the absence of stress.
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Project description:The hop plant, Humulus lupulus L., contains an exceptionally high content of secondary metabolites, the hop iso-α-acids, which possess a range of beneficial properties including antiseptic action. Studies performed on the mode of action of hop iso-α-acids have hitherto been restricted to lactic acid bacteria. The present study investigates molecular mechanisms of hop iso-α-acid resistance in the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Growth inhibition occurred at concentrations of hop iso-α-acids that were an order of magnitude higher than those found with hop-tolerant prokaryotes. Chemostat-based transcriptome analysis and phenotype screening of the S. cerevisiae haploid gene deletion collection were used as complementary methods to screen for genes involved in hop iso-α-acids detoxification and tolerance. Further analysis of deletion mutants confirmed that yeast tolerance to hop iso-α-acids involves two major processes: active export of iso-α-acids across the plasma membrane and active proton pumping into the vacuole by the V-ATPase to enable vacuolar sequestration of iso-α-acids. Furthermore, iso-α-acids were shown to affect cellular metal homeostasis by acting as strong zinc and iron chelator. Experiment Overall Design: Two complementary genome-wide approaches were employed to investigate cellular responses of S. cerevisiae to hop extracts enriched in iso-α-acids. Microarray transcriptome analysis was performed on chemostat cultures of an S. cerevisiae reference strain grown in the presence and absence of iso-α-acids. In addition, screening of the nearly complete set of yeast open reading frame (ORF) haploid knock-outs generated by the Saccharomyces Genome Deletion Project (SGDP) (Open Biosystems) identified the mutants with increased hop sensitivity. Subsequently, involvement of selected genes and cellular processes in hop acid sensitivity and tolerance was analyzed by construction and detailed analysis of selected mutant strains.
2009-11-28 | E-GEOD-15094 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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2009-10-02 | E-GEOD-18128 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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2008-10-18 | E-GEOD-8902 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Zinc is indispensable for the catalytic activity and structural stability of many proteins, and its deficiency can have severe consequences for microbial growth in natural and industrial environments. For example, Zn depletion in wort negatively affects beer fermentation and quality. Several studies have investigated yeast adaptation to low Zn supply, but were all performed in batch cultures, where specific growth rate depends on Zn availability. The transcriptional responses to growth-rate and Zn availability are then intertwined, which obscures result interpretation. In the present study, transcriptional responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Zn availability were investigated at a fixed specific growth rate under Zn limitation and excess in chemostat culture. To investigate the context-dependency of this transcriptional response, yeast was grown under several chemostat regimes resulting in various carbon (glucose), nitrogen (ammonium) and oxygen supplies. A robust set of genes that responded consistently to Zn limitation was identified and enabled the definition of a Zn-specific Zap1 regulon comprising of 26 genes and characterized by a broader ZRE consensus (MHHAACCBYNMRGGT) than so far described. Most surprising was the Zn-dependent regulation of genes involved in storage carbohydrate metabolism. Their concerted down-regulation was physiologically relevant as revealed by a substantial decrease in glycogen and trehalose cellular content under Zn limitation. An unexpectedly large amount of genes were synergistically or antagonistically regulated by oxygen and Zn availability. This combinatorial regulation suggested a more prominent involvement of Zn in mitochondrial biogenesis and function than hitherto identified Experiment Overall Design: Zinc is indispensable for the catalytic activity and structural stability of many proteins, and its deficiency can have severe consequences for microbial growth in natural and industrial environments. For example, Zn depletion in wort negatively affects beer fermentation and quality. Several studies have investigated yeast adaptation to low Zn supply, but were all performed in batch cultures, where specific growth rate depends on Zn availability. The transcriptional responses to growth-rate and Zn availability are then intertwined, which obscures result interpretation. In the present study, transcriptional responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Zn availability were investigated at a fixed specific growth rate under Zn limitation and excess in chemostat culture. To investigate the context-dependency of this transcriptional response, yeast was grown under several chemostat regimes resulting in various carbon (glucose), nitrogen (ammonium) and oxygen supplies. A robust set of genes that responded consistently to Zn limitation was identified and enabled the definition of a Zn-specific Zap1 regulon comprising of 26 genes and characterized by a broader ZRE consensus (MHHAACCBYNMRGGT) than so far described. Most surprising was the Zn-dependent regulation of genes involved in storage carbohydrate metabolism. Their concerted down-regulation was physiologically relevant as revealed by a substantial decrease in glycogen and trehalose cellular content under Zn limitation. An unexpectedly large amount of genes were synergistically or antagonistically regulated by oxygen and Zn availability. This combinatorial regulation suggested a more prominent involvement of Zn in mitochondrial biogenesis and function than hitherto identified
2008-06-15 | E-GEOD-8089 | biostudies-arrayexpress