The evolution of DNA methylation inheritance and programming in animals
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA297286 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR2533690_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR2533690_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR2533700_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR2533700_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR2533710_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:DNA methylation has been found throughout animal kingdom, but it is still unclear whether this epigenetic mechanism affects the evolution of genomic elements in animals. Here, we compare the DNA methylomes of gametes and embryos from 7 representative animal species. We find that parental methylomes are propagated to the progeny without significant changes during embryogenesis in cnidarians and insects, but undergo substantial reprogramming in echinoderms, and the reprogramming become more dramatic during deuterostome evolution. Interestingly, young gene promoters in mammals tend to be reprogrammed, usually have low CpG density, don’t contain CpG Islands (CGIs) and are hypermethylated, and the hypermethylated status correlates to lower transcription. Unexpectedly, an evolutionary trend of CpG accumulation in promoters is observed only during vertebrate evolution. Most of ancient gene promoters in mammals form CGIs, which are generally unmethylated and associate with higher transcription. Thus, to gain unmethylated pattern to facilitate transcription, nature selection should be in favor of the formation of CGIs in promoters. Our data suggest that the formation of CGIs in promoters is driven by DNA methylation during mammalian evolution.
2019-11-17 | GSE73545 | GEO
Project description:Genetic variation is regarded as a prerequisite for evolution. Theoretical models suggest epigenetic information inherited independently of DNA sequence can also enable evolution. However, whether epigenetic inheritance mediates phenotypic evolution in natural populations is unknown. Here we show that natural epigenetic DNA methylation variation in gene bodies regulates genes expression, and thereby influences the natural variation of complex traits in Arabidopsis thaliana. Notably, the effects of methylation variation on phenotypic diversity and gene expression variance are comparable with those of DNA sequence polymorphism. We also identify methylation epialleles in numerous genes associated with environmental conditions in native habitats, suggesting that intragenic methylation facilitates adaptation to fluctuating environments. Our results demonstrate that methylation variation fundamentally shapes phenotypic diversity in natural populations and provides an epigenetic basis for adaptive Darwinian evolution independent of genetic polymorphism.
2022-06-30 | GSE183785 | GEO
Project description:DNA methylation is a chromatin modification that contributes to epigenetic regulation of gene expression. The inheritance patterns and trans-generational stability of 962 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were assessed in a panel of 71 near-isogenic lines (NILs) derived from maize (Zea mays) inbred lines B73 and Mo17. The majority of DMRs exhibit inheritance patterns that would be expected for local (cis) inheritance of DNA methylation variation such that DNA methylation level was coupled to local genotype. There are few examples of DNA methylation that exhibit trans-acting control or paramutation-like patterns. The cis-controlled DMRs provided an opportunity to study the stability of inheritance for DNA methylation variation. There was very little evidence for alterations of DNA methylation levels at the cis-controlled DMRs during NIL population development. DNA methylation level was associated with local genotypes in all of the >30,000 examined cases except one. Additionally, the majority of the DMRs were not associated with small RNA. Together, our results suggest that a significant portion of DNA methylation variation in maize exhibits cis-controlled inheritance patterns, is highly stable and does not require active programming by small RNAs for maintenance. Methylation profiles in seedling tissue of maize near-isogenic lines (NILs) derived from B73 and Mo17 using a custom 12x270K NimbleGen array.
2014-04-01 | E-GEOD-51567 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Sperm methylation profiles reveal features of epigenetic inheritance and evolution in primates
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Project description:DNA methylation is a chromatin modification that contributes to epigenetic regulation of gene expression. The inheritance patterns and trans-generational stability of 962 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were assessed in a panel of 71 near-isogenic lines (NILs) derived from maize (Zea mays) inbred lines B73 and Mo17. The majority of DMRs exhibit inheritance patterns that would be expected for local (cis) inheritance of DNA methylation variation such that DNA methylation level was coupled to local genotype. There are few examples of DNA methylation that exhibit trans-acting control or paramutation-like patterns. The cis-controlled DMRs provided an opportunity to study the stability of inheritance for DNA methylation variation. There was very little evidence for alterations of DNA methylation levels at the cis-controlled DMRs during NIL population development. DNA methylation level was associated with local genotypes in all of the >30,000 examined cases except one. Additionally, the majority of the DMRs were not associated with small RNA. Together, our results suggest that a significant portion of DNA methylation variation in maize exhibits cis-controlled inheritance patterns, is highly stable and does not require active programming by small RNAs for maintenance.
2014-04-01 | GSE51567 | GEO
Project description:DNA methylation is a heritable chromatin modification essential to mammalian development that functions with histone post-translational modifications to regulate chromatin structure and gene expression programs. The epigenetic inheritance of DNA methylation requires the combined actions of DNMT1 and UHRF1, a histone- and DNA-binding RING E3 ubiquitin ligase that facilitates DNMT1 recruitment to sites of newly replicated DNA through the ubiquitylation of histone H3. UHRF1 binds DNA with modest selectivity towards hemi-methylated CpG dinucleotides (HeDNA); however, the contribution of HeDNA sensing to UHRF1 function remains elusive. Here, we reveal that the interaction of UHRF1 with HeDNA is required for DNA methylation inheritance but is dispensable for chromatin interaction, which is governed by reciprocal positive cooperativity between the UHRF1 histone- and DNA-binding domains. We further show that HeDNA functions as an allosteric regulator of UHRF1 ubiquitin ligase activity, directing ubiquitylation towards multiple lysines on the H3 tail adjacent to the UHRF1 histone-binding site. Collectively, our studies define a highly orchestrated epigenetic control mechanism involving modifications both to histones and DNA that facilitate UHRF1 chromatin targeting, H3 ubiquitylation, and DNA methylation inheritance.
2016-08-25 | PXD003983 | Pride
Project description:Epigenetic inheritance mediates phenotypic evolution in natural populations
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Project description:Reduced PRC2 function alters male germline epigenetic programming and paternal inheritance.
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Project description:Cytosine DNA methylation regulates the expression of eukaryotic genes and transposable elements. Methylation is copied by DNA methyltransferases after DNA replication, which results in faithful transmission of methylation patterns during cell division and, at least in flowering plants, across generations. Trans-generational inheritance is mediated by a small group of cells that includes gametes and their progenitors. However, methylation is usually analyzed in somatic tissues that do not contribute to the next generation, and the mechanisms of trans-generational inheritance are inferred from such studies. To gain a better understanding of how DNA methylation is inherited, we analyzed purified Arabidopsis thaliana sperm and vegetative cells – the cell types that comprise pollen – with mutations in the DRM, CMT2 and CMT3 methyltransferases.
2016-12-13 | GSE87170 | GEO
Project description:Evolution and virulence of Listeria strains from animals
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