Project description:In order to identify primed (and memorized) genes resulting from BTH and/ or flg22 application, we performed a series of microarray-based transcription profiles. 14 days after propagation plants were treated the first time with the indicated treatment and second time 17 days after propagation with the indicated treatment. Plants were harvested and RNA was extracted 31 days after propagation. BTH was applied as formulated compound Bion. The sample name reflects the treatment order. Samples with the name water_water are control treatments which were treated 14 and 17 days after propaghation with water. The sample with the name Bion_flg22 was treated 14 days after germination with BTH and 17 days after germination flg22.
Project description:In order to identify primed (and memorized) genes resulting from BTH and/ or flg22 application, we performed a series of microarray-based transcription profiles. 7 days after germination Arabidopsis plants were treated the first time with the indicated treatment and second time 10 days after germination with the indicated treatment. Plants were harvested and RNA was extracted 21 days after germination. BTH was applied as formulated compound Bion. The sample name reflects the treatment order. Samples with the name water_water are control treatments which were treated 7 and 10 days after germination with water. The sample with the name Bion_flg22 was treated 7 days after germination with BTH and 10 days after germination flg22.
Project description:Developing multiple stress-tolerant crops is the goal of many breeders in the current context of seasonal variability precipitated by the ongoing climate change. Among the most pressing stress, drought is becoming a major concern in many regions of the world. Plant responses to drought has been studied in many species, including perennial plants such as apple (Malus domestica); however, the effects of recurrent stress and the potential for stress memory, or priming, remain poorly described. Priming reflects the capacity of plants to “memorize” environmental stress experiences and potentially improve their responses to recurring stress. Such information may be retained through epigenetic modifications of DNA and associated histone proteins. This ability could enable training of plants to face future challenges. In this study, we explored the effects of recurrent drought stress on apple seedling morphology and investigated the transcriptomic and epigenetic changes in plants subjected to this treatment. Our results indicate that naïve apple seedlings can be primed upon first exposure to drought stress, and that primed plants respond differently to recurrent stress later in the season. Analyses of differentially expressed genes and differentially methylated regions further indicate that primed plants’ molecular responses differ significantly from plants exposed to drought stress for the first time. Finally, our results suggest that following a winter period, the previously induced priming effect may be partially lost. Overall, our study demonstrates the importance of studying recurrent stress to better understand the memory-associated mechanisms leading to morphological and gene expression alterations in perennial plants.
Project description:We performed Illumina sequencing of sRNA libraries prepared from juvenile and reproductive phase buds from the apple trees. A large number of sRNAs exemplified by 33 previously annotated miRNAs and 6 novel members displayed significant differential expression (DE) patterns in juvenile and reproductive stages. The study provides new insight into our understanding of fundamental mechanism of poorly studied phase transitions in apple and other woody plants and important resource for future in-depth research in the apple development.
Project description:To understand the molecular basis of viral diseases, transcriptome profiling has been widely used to correlate host gene expression change patterns with disease symptoms during viral infection in many plant hosts. We used infection of apple by Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), which produces no disease symptoms, to assess the significance of host gene expression changes in disease development. We specifically asked the question whether such asymptomatic infection is attributed to limited changes in host gene expression. Using RNA-seq, we identified a total of 184 up-regulated and 136 down-regulated genes in apple shoot cultures permanently infected by ASGV in comparison with virus-free shoots cultures. As in most plant hosts showing disease symptoms during viral infection, these differentially expressed genes encode known or putative proteins involved in cell cycle, cell wall biogenesis, response to biotic and abiotic stress, development and fruit ripening, phytohormone function, metabolism, signal transduction, transcription regulation, translation, transport, and photosynthesis. Our data suggest that current approaches to correlate host gene expression changes under viral infection conditions to specific infection processes or disease symptom development, based on the interpretation of individual gene functions, have severe limitations. Integrative approaches that can take into account plant development stages, gene threshold levels as well as compensatory, synergistic and antagonistic effects may be necessary to develop a sound systems understanding of the biological significance of host gene expression changes during infection. Compare the transcript profiling of ASGV-infected asymptomatic apple planlets (AP-Vinfect) and virus-free apple plantlets (AP-Vfree) by deep sequencing using Illumina RNA-Seq to check whether lots of genes were modulated by ASGV infection.
Project description:Based on sensorial analysis over 4 years, 6 apple genotypes with contrasted fruit texture (mealy or not) were selected among a progeny. Apple samples were collected at 100 days after flowering (100 DAF), harvest (H), after 2 and 4 months of cold storage (60DAH and 120DAH respectively).
Project description:Based on sensorial analysis, 8 apple genotypes with contrasted fruit texture for mealiness were selected among a progeny. Apple samples were collected at 60 days after flowering (60DAF), 110 days after flowering (110DAF), harvest (Rec), and after 1 or 2 months of cold storage (1M and 2M respectively).