SOX9 and SOX10 control fluid homeostasis in the inner ear for hearing through independent and cooperative mechanisms (scRNA-seq: batch2)
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA580379 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR10363700_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10363700_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10363701_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10363701_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR10363702_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:The embryonic endolymphatic sac mediates fluid resorption for which anion exchangers such as SLC26A4, and its transcriptional activator FOXI1, are required. Apart from FOXI1, little is known about transcriptional regulators of this fluid balance. Altered fluid homeostasis in the inner ear is the leading cause of congenital hearing loss. Some patients with campomelic dysplasia (CD) caused by heterozygous mutations in SOX9, in addition to skeletal malformation, are deaf, with an unknown etiology. In a mouse model of CD caused by the SOX9Y440X mutation, which results in a truncated protein lacking the transactivation domain, we show severe endolymphatic dysfunction leading to deafness and vestibular problems. Adult heterozygous Sox9Y440X mice that express the mutation in the developing inner ear display sensorineural deafness combined with endolymphatic hydrops and lack of endocochlear potential. The mutant inner ear is enlarged from E15 and fewer Slc26a4-expressing cells are present in the endolymphatic epithelium. By single cell RNA sequencing of mutant and wild-type endolymphatic sacs we find marked reduction in genes important for ion transport such as Slc24a4 and Ttyh1 and gap-junctions such as Gjb2 and up-regulation of Wnt signaling and Igfbp2 that promotes progenitor proliferation. The cochlea overexpresses Aqp3, which encodes a water channel. We find by biochemical and cell-based transactivation assays and genetic interaction tests that SOX9 and SOX10 normally work co-operatively to repress Aqp3 transcription: SOX9Y440X blocks this repression by dominant interference. Our study reveals the key roles of SOXE transcription factors in the development of endolymphatic sac function, and highlight a molecular mechanism whereby the CD mutation exerts both a dominant negative and haploinsufficient mechanisms in different compartments of the inner ear to maintain fluid homeostasis. In the cochlea, SOX9 and SOX10 together repress aquaporin expression whereas in the endolymphatic sac, SOX9 controls SOX10 expression and genes for ion transport and gap-junctions. We postulate that in addition to loss of control of cell proliferation results in the exhaustion of progenitors which in turn leads to a deficit in mitochondria-rich cells. These results highlight a multifaceted mechanism for maintaining the proper fluid balance for hearing.
2022-10-10 | GSE139587 | GEO
Project description:The embryonic endolymphatic sac mediates fluid resorption for which anion exchangers such as SLC26A4, and its transcriptional activator FOXI1, are required. Apart from FOXI1, little is known about transcriptional regulators of this fluid balance. Altered fluid homeostasis in the inner ear is the leading cause of congenital hearing loss. Some patients with campomelic dysplasia (CD) caused by heterozygous mutations in SOX9, in addition to skeletal malformation, are deaf, with an unknown etiology. In a mouse model of CD caused by the SOX9Y440X mutation, which results in a truncated protein lacking the transactivation domain, we show severe endolymphatic dysfunction leading to deafness and vestibular problems. Adult heterozygous Sox9Y440X mice that express the mutation in the developing inner ear display sensorineural deafness combined with endolymphatic hydrops and lack of endocochlear potential. The mutant inner ear is enlarged from E15 and fewer Slc26a4-expressing cells are present in the endolymphatic epithelium. By single cell RNA sequencing of mutant and wild-type endolymphatic sacs we find marked reduction in genes important for ion transport such as Slc24a4 and Ttyh1 and gap-junctions such as Gjb2 and up-regulation of Wnt signaling and Igfbp2 that promotes progenitor proliferation. The cochlea overexpresses Aqp3, which encodes a water channel. We find by biochemical and cell-based transactivation assays and genetic interaction tests that SOX9 and SOX10 normally work co-operatively to repress Aqp3 transcription: SOX9Y440X blocks this repression by dominant interference. Our study reveals the key roles of SOXE transcription factors in the development of endolymphatic sac function, and highlight a molecular mechanism whereby the CD mutation exerts both a dominant negative and haploinsufficient mechanisms in different compartments of the inner ear to maintain fluid homeostasis. In the cochlea, SOX9 and SOX10 together repress aquaporin expression whereas in the endolymphatic sac, SOX9 controls SOX10 expression and genes for ion transport and gap-junctions. We postulate that in addition to loss of control of cell proliferation results in the exhaustion of progenitors which in turn leads to a deficit in mitochondria-rich cells. These results highlight a multifaceted mechanism for maintaining the proper fluid balance for hearing.
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Project description:SOX9 and SOX10 control fluid homeostasis in the inner ear for hearing through independent and cooperative mechanisms
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Project description:SOX10 (SRY-box 10) mutation may lead to inner ear deformities. However, its molecular mechanisms on inner ear development are not clear. In this work. The inner ear morphology was investigated at different embryonic stages of the SOX10 mutation miniature porcine model with sensorineural hearing loss, and high-throughput RNA-seq and bioinformatics analyses were applied. Our results indicated that the SOX10 mutation in the miniature pigs led to an incomplete partition of the cochlea, a cystic apex caused by fusion from middle and apical turns, cochlear modiolar defects and a shortened cochlear duct. The model demonstrated 173 DEGs and 185 lncRNAs. The down-regulated DEGs most significantly enriched the inflammatory mediator regulation of the TRP channels, arachidonic acid metabolism, and the salivary secretion pathways, while the up-regulated DEGs most significantly enriched the systemic lupus erythematosus and alcoholism pathways. Based on gene cluster analysis, we selected four gene groups: WNT1, KCNQ4, STRC and PAX6.
2018-06-21 | GSE110103 | GEO
Project description:The in vivo mechanisms underlying dominant syndromes caused by mutations in SRY-Box Transcription Factor 9 (SOX9) and SOX10 (SOXE) transcription factors, when they either are expressed alone or are coexpressed, are ill-defined. We created a mouse model for the campomelic dysplasia SOX9Y440X mutation, which truncates the transactivation domain but leaves DNA binding and dimerization intact. Here, we find that SOX9Y440X causes deafness via distinct mechanisms in the endolymphatic sac (ES)/duct and cochlea. By contrast, conditional heterozygous Sox9-null mice are normal. During the ES development of Sox9Y440X/+ heterozygotes, Sox10 and genes important for ionic homeostasis are down-regulated, and there is developmental persistence of progenitors, resulting in fewer mature cells. Sox10 heterozygous null mutants also display persistence of ES/duct progenitors. By contrast, SOX10 retains its expression in the early Sox9Y440X/+ mutant cochlea. Later, in the postnatal stria vascularis, dominant interference by SOX9Y440X is implicated in impairing the normal cooperation of SOX9 and SOX10 in repressing the expression of the water channel Aquaporin 3, thereby contributing to endolymphatic hydrops. Our study shows that for a functioning endolymphatic system in the inner ear, SOX9 regulates Sox10, and depending on the cell type and target gene, it works either independently of or cooperatively with SOX10. SOX9Y440X can interfere with the activity of both SOXE factors, exerting effects that can be classified as haploinsufficient/hypomorphic or dominant negative depending on the cell/gene context. This model of disruption of transcription factor partnerships may be applicable to congenital deafness, which affects ∼0.3% of newborns, and other syndromic disorders.
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Project description:Heterozygous variants in SOX10 cause syndromes affecting pigmentation, digestion, hearing, and neural development, primarily attributable to failed differentiation or loss of non-skeletal neural crest derivatives. We report here an additional novel requirement for Sox10 in bone mineralization. Neither crest- nor mesoderm-derived bones initiate mineralization on time in zebrafish sox10 mutants, despite normal osteoblast differentiation and matrix production. Mutants are deficient in the Trpv6+ ionocytes that take up calcium from the environment, resulting in severe calcium deficiency. As these ionocytes derive from ectoderm, not crest, we hypothesized that the primary defect resides in a separate organ that systemically regulates ionocyte numbers. RNAseq revealed significantly elevated stanniocalcin (Stc1a), an anti-hypercalcemic hormone, in sox10 mutants. Stc1a inhibits calcium uptake in fish by repressing trpv6 expression and Trpv6+ ionocyte proliferation. Epistasis assays confirm excess Stc1a as the proximate cause of the calcium deficit. The pronephros-derived glands that synthesize Stc1a interact with sox10+ cells, but these cells are missing in mutants. We conclude that sox10+ crest-derived cells non-autonomously limit Stc1a production to allow the inaugural wave of calcium uptake necessary to initiate bone mineralization.
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