Project description:We developed RBS-ID, which greatly simplifies the RNA moiety by chemical cleavage, reducing the complexity of MS/MS search space to accurately identify and localize RBS in peptides. RBS-ID comprehensively and robustly identifies RNA-binding sites at both proteome and single protein level.
Project description:Roberts syndrome (RBS) is a human developmental disorder caused by mutations in the cohesin acetyltransferase ESCO2. We previously reported that mTORC1 was inhibited and overall translation was reduced in RBS cells. Treatment of RBS cells with L-leucine partially rescued mTOR function and protein synthesis, correlating with increased cell division. In this study, we use RBS as a model for mTOR inhibition and analyze transcription and translation with ribosome profiling to determine genome-wide effects of L-leucine. The translational efficiency of many genes is increased with Lleucine in RBS cells including genes involved in ribosome biogenesis, translation, and mitochondrial function. snoRNAs are strongly upregulated in RBS cells, but decreased with L-leucine. Imprinted genes, including H19 and GTL2, are differentially expressed in RBS cells consistent with contribution to mTORC1 control. This study reveals dramatic effects of L-leucine stimulation of mTORC1 and supports that ESCO2 function is required for normal gene expression and translation.
Project description:Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen responsible for trachoma and sexually transmitted infections. Like other Chlamydiota members, such as Waddlia chondrophila, C. trachomatis undergoes a biphasic developmental cycle alternating between infectious elementary bodies (EBs) and replicative reticulate bodies (RBs). Under stressful conditions, RBs differentiate into non-dividing aberrant bodies (ABs), a reversible state associated with persistence. Here, we investigate how early iron deprivation affects transcriptional regulation in C. trachomatis. We performed RNA sequencing to compare transcriptional profiles between EBs and RBs and between RBs and ABs induced by iron chelation with 2,2′-bipyridyl at 8 hpi. In EBs, 29% of genes were downregulated and 30% upregulated compared to RBs, revealing extensive transcriptional remodeling. At 24 hpi, ABs displayed downregulation of two-component system (TCS) genes (atoS, atoC, and chxR), while genes encoding inclusion membrane proteins (Incs) and the trpRBA operon were upregulated. These findings show how C. trachomatis adapts transcriptionally to iron deprivation, revealing stress- and time-dependent changes in metabolism, stress responses, and host–pathogen interactions. Persistence alters the developmental cycle while maintaining inclusion integrity and modulating host interactions, contributing to chronic infection. Uncovering the mechanisms driving persistence may offer crucial insights into chlamydial pathogenesis.
Project description:Roberts syndrome (RBS) is a human developmental disorder caused by mutations in the cohesin acetyltransferase ESCO2. We previously reported that mTORC1 was inhibited and overall translation was reduced in RBS cells. Treatment of RBS cells with L-leucine partially rescued mTOR function and protein synthesis, correlating with increased cell division. In this study, we use RBS as a model for mTOR inhibition and analyze transcription and translation with ribosome profiling to determine genome-wide effects of L-leucine. The translational efficiency of many genes is increased with Lleucine in RBS cells including genes involved in ribosome biogenesis, translation, and mitochondrial function. snoRNAs are strongly upregulated in RBS cells, but decreased with L-leucine. Imprinted genes, including H19 and GTL2, are differentially expressed in RBS cells consistent with contribution to mTORC1 control. This study reveals dramatic effects of L-leucine stimulation of mTORC1 and supports that ESCO2 function is required for normal gene expression and translation. 42 samples of human fibroblast cell lines with various genotypes (wt, corrected, and esco2 mutants) are treated with l-leucine or d-leucine (control) for 3 or 24 hours. Biological replicates are present.
Project description:Peripheral sensory neurons are a critical part of the nervous system that transmit a multitude of sensory stimuli to the central nervous system. During larval and juvenile stages in zebrafish, this function is mediated by Rohon-Beard somatosensory neurons (RBs). RBs are optically accessible and amenable to experimental manipulation, making them a powerful system for mechanistic investigation of sensory neurons. Previous studies provided evidence that RBs fall into multiple subclasses; however, the number and molecular make up of these potential RB subtypes have not been well defined. Using a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach, we demonstrate that larval RBs in zebrafish fall into three, largely non-overlapping classes of neurons. We also show that RBs are molecularly distinct from trigeminal neurons in zebrafish. Cross-species transcriptional analysis indicates that one RB subclass is similar to a mammalian group of A-fiber sensory neurons. Another RB subclass is predicted to sense multiple modalities, including mechanical stimulation and chemical irritants. We leveraged our scRNA-seq data to determine that the fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) pathway is active in RBs. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of this pathway led to defects in axon maintenance and RB cell death. Moreover, this phenotype can be phenocopied by treatment with an FDA-approved Fgf inhibitor dovitinib, which is used in clinic and causes peripheral neuropathy. Importantly, dovitinib-mediated axon loss can be suppressed by loss of Sarm1, a positive regulator of neuronal cell death and axonal injury. This offers a molecular target for future clinical intervention to fight neurotoxic effects of this drug.
Project description:Peripheral sensory neurons are a critical part of the nervous system that transmit a multitude of sensory stimuli to the central nervous system. During larval and juvenile stages in zebrafish, this function is mediated by Rohon-Beard somatosensory neurons (RBs). RBs are optically accessible and amenable to experimental manipulation, making them a powerful system for mechanistic investigation of sensory neurons. Previous studies provided evidence that RBs fall into multiple subclasses; however, the number and molecular make up of these potential RB subtypes have not been well defined. Using a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach, we demonstrate that larval RBs in zebrafish fall into three, largely non-overlapping classes of neurons. We also show that RBs are molecularly distinct from trigeminal neurons in zebrafish. Cross-species transcriptional analysis indicates that one RB subclass is similar to a mammalian group of A-fiber sensory neurons. Another RB subclass is predicted to sense multiple modalities, including mechanical stimulation and chemical irritants. We leveraged our scRNA-seq data to determine that the fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) pathway is active in RBs. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of this pathway led to defects in axon maintenance and RB cell death. Moreover, this phenotype can be phenocopied by treatment with an FDA-approved Fgf inhibitor dovitinib, which is used in clinic and causes peripheral neuropathy. Importantly, dovitinib-mediated axon loss can be suppressed by loss of Sarm1, a positive regulator of neuronal cell death and axonal injury. This offers a molecular target for future clinical intervention to fight neurotoxic effects of this drug.
2023-09-01 | GSE241296 | GEO
Project description:RBS high-throughput sequencing raw data
Project description:Our study in zebrafish is the first to use an animal model to understand the biology of the developmental disorder Roberts Syndrome (RBS). RBS is caused by mutations in the ESCO2 gene. We have used morpholinos (MO) to knock down esco2 in zebrafish to better understand the pathology of this rare human syndrome. Our zebrafish model nicely phenocopies the developmental defects observed in RBS.
Project description:Here we use bisulfite conversion of RNA combined with high-throughput IIlumina sequencing (RBS-seq) to identify single-nucleotide resolution of m5C sites in ribosomal RNAs of all three sub-cellular transcriptomes in Arabidopsis thaliana. m5C sites in rRNAs were also anlyzed in Arabidopsis T-DNA knockouts for the RNA methyltransferases TRM4A, TRM4B, TRDMT1, NSUN5, NOP2A, NOP2B and NOP2C.
Project description:Here we use bisulfite conversion of rRNA depleted RNA combined with high-throughput Illumina sequencing (RBS-seq) to identify single-nucleotide resolution of m5C sites transcriptome-wide in Arabidopsis thaliana siliques. m5C sites were also analyzed in an Arabidopsis T-DNA knockout for the RNA methyltransferase TRM4B.