CENP-A overexpression promotes aneuploidy and karyotypic heterogeneity
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA646383 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR12225041.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12225042.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12225043.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12225044.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR12225045.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Centromeric localization of the evolutionarily conserved histone H3 variant, CENP-A. is essential for chromosomal stability. CENP-A overexpression (OE) causesd its mislocalization to non-centromeric regions resulting in chromosomal instability (CIN) in yeast, flies and human cells. CENP-A OE and mislocalization have been observed in cancers and correlates with poor prognosis. However, the molecular consequences of CENP-A OE on CIN and aneuploidy have not been defined. Here, we overexpressed YFP-CENP-A in a pseudodiploid DLD1 cell line and showed that CENP-A OE leads to its mislocalization and CIN due to defects in kinetochore integrity and kinetochore-microtubule attachments. CENP-A OE also leads to its mislocalization and CIN in a xenograft mouse model. Under these conditions, it contributes to aneuploidy with karyotypic heterogeneity in human cells and xenograft mouse model. In summary, our studies provide a molecular link between CENP-A OE and aneuploidy, and suggest that karyotypic heterogeneity may contribute to the aggressive phenotype of CENP-A overexpressing cancers.
2020-07-16 | GSE154460 | GEO
Project description:Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of many cancers. Restricting the localization of centromeric histone H3 variant CENP-A to centromeres prevents CIN. CENP-A overexpression (OE) and mislocalization have been observed in cancers and correlate with poor prognosis; however, the molecular consequences of CENP-A OE on CIN and aneuploidy have not been defined. Here, we show that CENP-A OE leads to its mislocalization and CIN with lagging chromosomes and micronuclei in pseudodiploid DLD1 cells and xenograft mouse model. CIN is due to reduced localization of proteins to the kinetochore, resulting in defects in kinetochore integrity and unstable kinetochore-microtubule attachments. CENP-A OE contributes to reduced expression of cell adhesion genes and higher invasion of DLD1 cells. We show that CENP-A OE contributes to aneuploidy with karyotypic heterogeneity in human cells and xenograft mouse model. In summary, our results provide a molecular link between CENP-A OE and aneuploidy, and suggest that karyotypic heterogeneity may contribute to the aggressive phenotype of CENP-A-overexpressing cancers.
| S-EPMC7905998 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Being CENP-E function restricted to mitosis, its haploinsufficiency has been used to study the induced cell aneuploidy. However, the gene expression profile triggered by CENP-E reduction in normal cells has never been explored. To fill this gap, here we investigated whether a gene network associated with siRNAs-induced CENP-E 50% reduction and consequent aneuploidy exists
2021-10-06 | GSE181191 | GEO
Project description:Restricting the localization of the centromeric histone H3 variant CENP-A to centromeres is essential to prevent chromosomal instability (CIN). Mislocalization of overexpressed CENP-A contributes to CIN in yeast, fly, and human cells. CENP-A is overexpressed in many cancers. Therefore, defining mechanisms that prevent CENP-A mislocalization will help us understand how CENP-A overexpression contributes to CIN in cancer. A genome-wide screen to characterize essential genes required for growth when CENP-A is overexpressed identified the replication initiation Dbf4-Dependent Kinase (DDK) complex. We show that DDK regulates ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of Cse4 and prevents mislocalization of Cse4 independently of its role in DNA replication.
2020-04-04 | GSE148068 | GEO
Project description:We performed single-cell RNA-Seq to determine the effects of CENP-A overexpression and p53 status on cell fate over time. We established clonal MCF10-2A TetOn-CENPA-FLAG-HA cell lines where CENP-A can be reversibly induced by Doxycycline (Dox) treatment. We compared prolonged, continuous CENP-A overexpression (chronic induction) to acute CENP-A overexpression, as well as non-overexpressing conditions, in p53 wild-type and defective cells. We grew MCF10-2A TetOn-CENPA-FLAG-HA cells expressing either an empty control vector (p53-WT) or dominant-negative p53 (p53-DN) without Dox or with continuous exposure to Dox (10ng/ml, ++, chronic) for 69 days in parallel. Cells in the no Dox condition were split into two dishes at day 67 and Dox was added to one set on day 68 for 24h of CENP-A overexpression (10ng/ml, +, acute) while the other remained without Dox (-, control). We prepared samples in singlet according to the 10x Genomics Sample Preparation Demonstrated Protocol. In brief, we harvested cells by trypsinization, resuspended in typical media and mixed thoroughly by pipette, passed cells through a 40µm cell strainer, and counted cells by Beckman Automated Cell Counter. We resuspended cells in 1x PBS + 0.04% BSA, mixed, centrifuged gently, aspired supernatant and repeated wash two times. We passed cells through another cell strainer (40µm), counted again and diluted to a final concentration between 700 and 1200 cells/µl. We then proceeded directly to GEM generation and barcoding at the NGS platform, Institut Curie, using the Single-cell 3’ Reagent Kits v2 protocol with a targeted cell recovery of 2000 cells per sample, followed by post GEM-RT cleanup and cDNA amplification, then 3’ Gene Expression Library Construction, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Sequencing was performed by the NGS platform with a NovaSeq 6000 sequencer.
2021-03-01 | E-MTAB-9861 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We find that CENP-T acts as a bridge between two well-positioned CENP-A nucleosomes that are present on young alpha-satellite dimers that dominate functional human centromeres. CENP-T is centered over the CENP-B box, where it interacts with the CENP-B/CENP-C complex. Upon cross-linking, the entire CENP-A/CENP-C/CENP-T-containing complex is recovered as a nuclease-protected particle over an alpha-satellite dimer that comprises the fundamental unit of kinetochore chromatin. Our work reveals that CENP-A/CENP-C and CENP-T branches of kinetochore assembly are physically integrated.
2016-05-24 | GSE69839 | GEO
Project description:We performed bulk RNA-Seq to investigate global transcriptional changes upon overexpression of the centromeric H3 variant CenH3/CENP-A in p53 wild-type and defective cells, and after X-irradiation treatment. We established clonal MCF-10-2A TetOn-CENPA-FLAG-HA cell lines where CENP-A can be reversibly induced by Doxycycline (Dox) treatment. Upon CENP-A overexpression, these cells exhibit different radiosensitivity depending on p53 status. In order to profile global changes in expression, we compared MCF-10-2A TetOn-CENPA-FLAG-HA cells expressing either empty vector (p53-WT) or dominant-negative p53 (p53-DN) with 0X Dox (no Dox), 1X Dox (10 ng/ml), or 10X Dox (100 ng/ml) for 24h. At time 0, we irradiated one set of cells by X-ray generator (4gy) while a control set remained un-irradiated (0gy). 6h later, we extracted RNA for RNA-seq.
2021-03-01 | E-MTAB-9867 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We employ the well-studied fission yeast centromere to investigate the function of the CENP-A (Cnp1) N-tail. We show that alteration of the N-tail did not affect Cnp1 loading at centromeres, outer kinetochore formation, or spindle checkpoint signaling, but nevertheless elevated chromosome loss. N-Tail mutants exhibited synthetic lethality with an altered centromeric DNA sequence, with rare survivors harboring chromosomal fusions in which the altered centromere was epigenetically inactivated. Elevated centromere inactivation was also observed for N-tail mutants with unaltered centromeric DNA sequences. N-tail mutants specifically reduced localization of the CCAN proteins Cnp20/CENP-T and Mis6/CENP-I, but not Cnp3/CENP-C. Overexpression of Cnp20/CENP-T suppressed defects in an N-tail mutant, suggesting a causal link between reduced CENP-T recruitment and the observed centromere inactivation phenotype. Thus, the Cnp1 N-tail promotes epigenetic stability of centromeres via recruitment of the CENP-T branch of the CCAN. Genome-wide localization of GFP-tagged N-tail Cnp1 variant tailswap versus wt control in cnp1 deletion background
2015-04-16 | E-GEOD-63350 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We employ the well-studied fission yeast centromere to investigate the function of the CENP-A (Cnp1) N-tail. We show that alteration of the N-tail did not affect Cnp1 loading at centromeres, outer kinetochore formation, or spindle checkpoint signaling, but nevertheless elevated chromosome loss. N-Tail mutants exhibited synthetic lethality with an altered centromeric DNA sequence, with rare survivors harboring chromosomal fusions in which the altered centromere was epigenetically inactivated. Elevated centromere inactivation was also observed for N-tail mutants with unaltered centromeric DNA sequences. N-tail mutants specifically reduced localization of the CCAN proteins Cnp20/CENP-T and Mis6/CENP-I, but not Cnp3/CENP-C. Overexpression of Cnp20/CENP-T suppressed defects in an N-tail mutant, suggesting a causal link between reduced CENP-T recruitment and the observed centromere inactivation phenotype. Thus, the Cnp1 N-tail promotes epigenetic stability of centromeres via recruitment of the CENP-T branch of the CCAN.
2015-04-16 | GSE63350 | GEO
Project description:Eukaryotes have evolved elaborate mechanisms to ensure that chromosomes segregate with high fidelity during mitosis and meiosis, and yet specific aneuploidies can be adaptive during environmental stress. Here, we identify a chromatin-based system for inducible aneuploidy in a human pathogen. Candida albicans utilizes chromosome missegregation to acquire resistance to antifungal drugs and for ploidy reduction after mating. We discovered that the ancestor of C. albicans and two related pathogens evolved a variant of histone H2A that lacks the conserved phosphorylation site for Bub1 kinase, a key regulator of chromosome segregation. Using engineered strains, we show that expression of this variant controls the rates of aneuploidy and antibiotic resistance in this species. Moreover, whole genome chromatin precipitation analysis reveals that CENP-A/Cse4, the histone H3 that specifies centromeres, is depleted from tetraploid mating products and virtually eliminated from cells exposed to aneuploidy-promoting cues. Thus, changes in chromatin regulation can confer the capacity for rapid evolution in eukaryotes.
2019-05-23 | GSE122037 | GEO