Spontaneous EBV-reactivation during in vitro B-cell differentiation: a model for polymorphic EBV-driven lymphoproliferations studied with targeted single cell expression analysis
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA971953 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR24530459_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24530459_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24530460_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR24530460_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) driven B-cell neoplasms arise from reactivation of latently infected B-cells. In a subset of patients EBV drives a polymorphous lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) in which B-cell differentiation is retained. Spontaneous EBV reactivation following B-cell mitogen stimulation provides a potential model of polymorphic EBV-driven LPD. We have developed an in vitro model of plasma cell (PC) differentiation from peripheral blood memory B-cells. To assess the frequency and phenotypes of EBV-associated populations derived during differentiation we analyzed 8 differentiations at the PC stage, with a targeted single cell gene expression panel. We identified subpopulations of EBV-gene expressing cells with PC and/or B-cell expression features in differentiations from all tested donors. EBV-associated cells varied in frequency ranging from 3-28% of cells. Most EBV-associated cells expressed PC genes such as XBP1 or MZB1 and in all samples these included a quiescent PC fraction lacking cell cycle gene expression. With increasing EBV-associated cells, populations with B-cell features became prominent, co-expressing germinal centre (GC) and activated B-cell gene patterns. The presence of highly proliferative EBV-associated cells was linked to retained MS4A1/CD20 expression and IGHM and IGHD co-expression, while IGHM only and class-switched cells were enriched in quiescent PC fractions. Thus, patterns of gene expression in primary EBV reactivation are consistent with recently proposed models relating EBV-mediated transformation in lymphoblastoid cell lines to features of GC B-cells, and suggest a particular association between spontaneously developing EBV-expansions and IgM+ IgD+ non-switched B-cells.
2023-06-14 | GSE232418 | GEO
Project description:We proposed that the frequency of EBV reactivation may be crucial for its pathogenic role and highly recurrent EBV reactivations exert a profound influence on genome instability. Recurrent reactivations were induced in the EBV-latently infected NPC cells (NA cells) by treating with 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and sodium n-butyrate (SB) once per passage periodically. Genome-wild oligoarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) technology was applied to investigate the copy-number aberrations in response for different frequencies of EBV reactivation. The results showed that the NR15 cells, NA cells with the highest frequency (15 times) of reactivation, exhibit extensive genomic copy-number alterations (CNAs) mostly involving chromosome 3p, 3q, 8p, 8q, 9p and 9q, whereas limited number of CNAs were observed both in NR1 cells where only the initial reactivation take place and NP15 cells which were culture in parallel with NR15 cells without EBV-reactivation. We concluded that it is the highly recurrent reactivations of EBV, but neither just a primary reactivation nor EBV-latent infection, may intimately involve in carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells with the progressive genome instabilities and the accumulation of genetic mutations. Keywords: array-based comparative genomic hybridization, reactivation of EBV, incidence, frequency, recurrent, genome instability, copy-number alterations, carcinogenesis, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
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Project description:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) uses a biphasic lifecycle of latency and lytic reactivation to infect >95% of adults worldwide. Despite its central role in EBV persistence and oncogenesis, much remains unknown about how EBV latency is maintained. We used a human genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen to identify that the nuclear protein SFPQ was critical for latency. SFPQ supported expression of linker histone H1, which stabilizes nucleosomes and regulates nuclear architecture, but has not been previously implicated in EBV gene regulation. H1 occupied latent EBV genomes, including the immediate early gene BZLF1 promoter. Upon reactivation, SFPQ was sequestered into sub-nuclear puncta, and EBV genomic H1 occupancy diminished. Enforced H1 expression blocked EBV reactivation upon SFPQ knockout, confirming it as necessary downstream of SFPQ. SFPQ knockout triggered reactivation of EBV in B and epithelial cells as well as in Kaposi’s Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus, suggesting a conserved gamma-herpesvirus role. These findings highlight SFPQ as a major regulator of H1 expression and EBV latency.
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Project description:We proposed that the frequency of EBV reactivation may be crucial for its pathogenic role and highly recurrent EBV reactivations exert a profound influence on genome instability. Recurrent reactivations were induced in the EBV-latently infected NPC cells (NA cells) by treating with 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and sodium n-butyrate (SB) once per passage periodically. Genome-wild oligoarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) technology was applied to investigate the copy-number aberrations in response for different frequencies of EBV reactivation. The results showed that the NR15 cells, NA cells with the highest frequency (15 times) of reactivation, exhibit extensive genomic copy-number alterations (CNAs) mostly involving chromosome 3p, 3q, 8p, 8q, 9p and 9q, whereas limited number of CNAs were observed both in NR1 cells where only the initial reactivation take place and NP15 cells which were culture in parallel with NR15 cells without EBV-reactivation. We concluded that it is the highly recurrent reactivations of EBV, but neither just a primary reactivation nor EBV-latent infection, may intimately involve in carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells with the progressive genome instabilities and the accumulation of genetic mutations. Experiment Overall Design: Samples of four sources were analyzed. The NP1 cells denoted the EBV-latently infected nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines, NA cells, with low-passage-number and mock-treated. The NR1 denoted the NA cells harboring one time of EBV reactivation. The NR15 cells denoted the NA cells harboring fifteen times of EBV reactivation. The NP15 cells denoted the NA cells cultured in parallel with NR15 (experienced 15 times of passages) without EBV-reactivation. Genomic DNAs extracted from NP15, NR1 and NR15 cells were used as experimental samples and subjected to Cy5-labeling reactions. Genomic DNAs extracted from NP1 cells were used as the common reference samples subjected to Cy3-labeling reactions. All three experiments were verified by dye-swap design where the targets labeling conditions were exchanged, NP1 labeled with Cy5, and NP15, NR1 or NR15 labeled with Cy3.
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Project description:The stepwise and sequential expression of viral genes underlies progression of the infectious life cycle. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is both a tractable model for elucidating principles of transcription as well as a global health threat. We describe an experimental protocol and bioinformatics pipeline for functional identification of EBV true late genes, the last step of transcription prior to virion packaging and egress. All data have been uploaded to the Gene Expression Omnibus under accession code GSE96689. The key improvement over previous approaches is leveraging the sensitivity of RNA-seq to detect gene expression changes during spontaneous reactivation.
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Project description:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven B cell neoplasms arise from the reactivation of latently infected B cells. In a subset of patients, EBV was seen to drive a polymorphous lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) in which B cell differentiation was retained. In this work, spontaneous EBV reactivation following B cell mitogen stimulation was shown to provide a potential model of polymorphic EBV-driven LPD. Here, we developed an in vitro model of plasma cell (PC) differentiation from peripheral blood memory B cells. To assess the frequency and phenotypes of EBV-associated populations derived during differentiation, we analysed eight differentiations during the PC stage with a targeted single-cell gene expression panel. We identified subpopulations of EBV-gene expressing cells with PC and/or B cell expression features in differentiations from all tested donors. EBV-associated cells varied in frequency, ranging from 3-28% of cells. Most EBV-associated cells expressed PC genes such as XBP1 or MZB1, and in all samples these included a quiescent PC fraction that lacked cell a cycle gene expression. With increasing EBV-associated cells, populations with B cell features became prominent, co-expressing a germinal centre (GC) and activating B cell gene patterns. The presence of highly proliferative EBV-associated cells was linked to retained MS4A1/CD20 expression and IGHM and IGHD co-expression, while IGHM class-switched cells were enriched in quiescent PC fractions. Thus, patterns of gene expression in primary EBV reactivation were shown to include features related to GC B cells, which was also observed in EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines. This suggests a particular association between spontaneously developing EBV-expansions and IgM+ IgD+ non-switched B cells.
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