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Lead Exposure and Human Brain Evolution: A 2-Million-Year Perspective This study reveals that lead exposure was pervasive throughout human evolution, not just a modern phenomenon. Researchers analyzed 51 fossil teeth from multiple hominid species spanning 2+ million years across three continents, fi...
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens (Human) 
2025-10-27 | PXD067623 | Pride
Impact of intermittent lead exposure on hominid brain evolution
Hominid-specific transcription factors ZNF90 and OVOL2 drive a neotenic developmental program modelled in rhesus macaque cerebral organoids
Given that gene duplication is a major driving force of evolutionary change and the key mechanism underlying the emergence of new genes and biological processes, this study sought to use a novel genome-wide approach to identify genes that have undergone lineage-specific duplications or contractions ...
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens 
Understanding evolutionary mechanisms underlying expansion and reorganization of the human brain represents an important aspect in analyzing the emergence of cognitive abilities typical of our species. Comparative analyses of neuronal phenotypes in closest living relatives (Pan troglodytes; the comm...
ORGANISM(S): Pan troglodytes 
The human cerebral cortex underwent rapid enlargement and complexification during recent evolution. Hominid-specific (HS) genes arising from genomic duplications may be involved, but it remains unclear how much and which HS genes contribute to human brain development. Using tailored RNAseq profiling...
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens 
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