This study characterized functions and metabolic profiles of cell-free supernatants (CFS) from Lactobacillus johnsonii KD1 against three foodborne pathogens: the Gram-negative bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus 3HP and Salmonella enterica serovar ...
In animals and plants extracellular ATP (eATP) functions as signal and regulates the immune response. During inflammation intestinal bacteria are exposed to elevated eATP originating from the mucosa. However, whether bacteria respond to eATP is unclear. Here we show that non-pathogenic Escherichi...