Towards an understanding of the mechanism of hypoevolution of Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula from Microtus fortis
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Schistosoma japonicum
SUBMITTER: Geoffrey Gobert
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-25728 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Similar Datasets
Project description:More than 40 species of mammal have been reported to be infected naturally with Schistosoma japonicum (Chinese mainland strain) in China. The reed vole, Microtus fortis, is the only known mammalian host in which the schistosomes are unable to mature and cause significant pathogenic changes. Gene expression profiling of the 10 day old schistosomula was performed.
2010-12-02 | GSE25728 | GEO
Project description:Migrating schistosomula are an important stage of the schistosome lifecycle and represent a key target for elimination of infection by natural and vaccine induced host immune responses. To gain a better understanding of how these parasites initiate a primary host immune response we have characterised the host lung response to migrating Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula using a combination of histochemistry, microarrays and quantitative cytokine analysis. Our data suggest that, during a S. japonicum infection, actively migrating schistosomula induce a Type-2 cytokine response in the lung that may support the subsequent development of a CD4+ T helper 2 (Th2) response against egg antigens. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that schistosomula and schistosome eggs are known to express important Th2-inducing antigens such as omega-1, peroxiredoxin, kappa-5 and IPSE/alpha1. The host lung response to migrating schistosomula was associated with increased numbers of macrophages and expression of markers for alternatively activated macrophages (AAMφ) in the lung. Activation of AAMφ in the lung and at the systemic level could lead to the modulation of the host immune response to favour parasite survival. Induction of these cells could also contribute to diminished inflammatory responses to, for example, allergy and asthma that are known to be associated with helminth infections. These data enhance our understanding of the mechanisms whereby schistosomes may evade the immune response and the mechanisms by which schistosome infection can help influence the host response following exposure to allergenic stimuli. The gene expression profile of the murine lung was examined at 3 days weeks post infection with 500 Schistosoma japonicum cercariae in comparison to that of uninfected controls. Microarray analysis was performed on cRNA synthesised from total RNA derived from the lungs of 3 individual mice per group.
2011-02-10 | E-GEOD-27171 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In the complex lifecycle of schistosomes, four developmental stages are closely associated with their definitive hosts: cercaria (infective stage), schistosomula and adult worm (parasitic stages), egg (pathogenic- and pathophoresis-stage). We have examined the gene expression profiles of Schistosoma japonicum in the four developmental stages. Genes with different expression patterns were identified and the information obtained will help indentify new anti-schistosomal intervention targets in the future.
2017-02-09 | GSE57143 | GEO
Project description:The life cycle of schistosomes is complex, being characterised by a series of distinct parasitic and free-living phases involving an invertebrate snail host, water and a mammalian host. A custom designed oligonucleotide microarray was utilized to profile developmental gene expression in the Asian blood fluke, Schistosoma japonicum during these parasitic and free-living transitions. Total RNAs were isolated from lung schistosomula, juvenile females and males (paired but little or no egg production), adult males and females (paired with full scale egg production), eggs, miracidia, sporocysts and cercariae. We focused on the three distinct environmental phases of the lifecycle - aquatic/snail (eggs, miracidia, sporocysts, cercariae), juvenile (lung schistosomula and paired pre-egg laying adults) and adult (paired males and females, both examined separately) stages. Single colour schistosome life cycle with technical replicates in triplicate: Separate adult female and male worms at 4, 6, 6.5 and 7 weeks; cercariae; eggs; miracidia; schistosomula; and sporocysts. This study includes 6 adult male biological replicates.
2010-06-19 | E-GEOD-12704 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The life cycle of schistosomes is complex, being characterised by a series of distinct parasitic and free-living phases involving an invertebrate snail host, water and a mammalian host. A custom designed oligonucleotide microarray was utilized to profile developmental gene expression in the Asian blood fluke, Schistosoma japonicum during these parasitic and free-living transitions. Total RNAs were isolated from lung schistosomula, juvenile females and males (paired but little or no egg production), adult males and females (paired with full scale egg production), eggs, miracidia, sporocysts and cercariae. We focused on the three distinct environmental phases of the lifecycle - aquatic/snail (eggs, miracidia, sporocysts, cercariae), juvenile (lung schistosomula and paired pre-egg laying adults) and adult (paired males and females, both examined separately) stages.
2008-09-12 | GSE12704 | GEO
Project description:Migrating schistosomula are an important stage of the schistosome lifecycle and represent a key target for elimination of infection by natural and vaccine induced host immune responses. To gain a better understanding of how these parasites initiate a primary host immune response we have characterised the host lung response to migrating Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula using a combination of histochemistry, microarrays and quantitative cytokine analysis. Our data suggest that, during a S. japonicum infection, actively migrating schistosomula induce a Type-2 cytokine response in the lung that may support the subsequent development of a CD4+ T helper 2 (Th2) response against egg antigens. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that schistosomula and schistosome eggs are known to express important Th2-inducing antigens such as omega-1, peroxiredoxin, kappa-5 and IPSE/alpha1. The host lung response to migrating schistosomula was associated with increased numbers of macrophages and expression of markers for alternatively activated macrophages (AAMφ) in the lung. Activation of AAMφ in the lung and at the systemic level could lead to the modulation of the host immune response to favour parasite survival. Induction of these cells could also contribute to diminished inflammatory responses to, for example, allergy and asthma that are known to be associated with helminth infections. These data enhance our understanding of the mechanisms whereby schistosomes may evade the immune response and the mechanisms by which schistosome infection can help influence the host response following exposure to allergenic stimuli.
2011-02-10 | GSE27171 | GEO
Project description:The schistosomulum is the main target of vaccine- induced protective immunity; however, most studies have utilized schistosomula produced by mechanical transformation of infective larvae followed by in vitro culture rather than larvae isolated directly from the lungs of infected mammals. Using transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrated that there was little difference in the ultrastructure of Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula obtained by the two methods. However, significant differences in gene expression profiles were apparent when we used an oligonucleotide microarray to compare the gene expression profiles of schistosomula obtained in vivo from lung tissue with those maintained in vitro, and with adult worms of S. japonicum. Keywords: Comparison of culturing conditions
2006-07-07 | GSE5235 | GEO
Project description:Microtus fortis (M. fortis) is the only mammal in which the growth, development and maturation of schistosomes (Schistosoma japonicum) is prevented, resulting in the failure of the parasite to mature and complete its life cycle. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous, non-coding small RNAs, has been found to introduce a whole new layer of gene regulation in eukaryotes. The anti-schistosomiasis mechanosm of M. fortis may require the participation of miRNA-mediated gene expression. In the present study, the difference pathological change of different tissue such as liver, spleen and lung of M. fortis were observed by using haematoxylin-eosin staining. Also, the miRNA expression in different tissue of M. fortis and mice before challenge and 10 days post-infection with schistosomes were first compared using microRNA microarray analysis. Histological analyses showed that S. japonicum infection in M. fortis resulted in more intensive inflammatory response and pathologic change than mice. The microarray investigations showed that 388 miRNAs detected common expressed in the two species, and 11 miRNAs in liver, 25 miRNAs in spleen and 28 miRNAs in lung differentially expressed in non-permissive M. fortis while increased, decreased or nearly fixed in mice. Further studies of the differentially expressed miRNAs demonstrated that many important signal pathway were triggered after the S. japonicum infection in M. fortis rather than the mouse, such as the metabolism of some nutrient material such as fatty-acid, cholesterol, lipid, insulin, and carbohydrate; immune response such as B and T cell differentiation, monocyte differentiation, the inflammation, NF-kappaB binding, even the in innate immune system; Cell differentiation and apoptosis such as erythrocytic differentiation and targeting proapoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins. These results may provide new insights into general mechanisms of regulation in non-permissive M. fortis, exploit the potential miRNA regulatory networks and the interaction between parasites and different hosts, which provide valuable new information on schistosome biology and valuable information for the better understanding of schistosome development and host-parasite interactions. We collected liver, spleen and lung from control and 10 days post-infection with schistosomes of M. fortis, mice and rat, respectively.
2015-06-10 | E-GEOD-38802 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Alternative splicing is a molecular process that contributes greatly to the diversification of proteome and to gene functions. Understanding the mechanisms of stage-specific alternative splicing can provide a better understanding of the development of eukaryotes and the functions of different genes. Schistosoma japonicum is an infectious blood-dwelling trematode with a complex lifecycle that causes the tropical disease schistosomiasis. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome of Schistosoma japonicum to discover alternative splicing events in this parasite, by applying RNA-seq to cDNA library of adults and schistosomula. Results were validated by RT-PCR and sequencing. We found 11,623 alternative splicing events among 7,099 protein encoding genes and average proportion of alternative splicing events per gene was 42.14%. We showed that exon skip is the most common type of alternative splicing events as found in high eukaryotes, whereas intron retention is the least common alternative splicing type. BioProject accession number is PRJNA290970, and the SRA Study accession number is SRP061588. Mixed sample of cDNA libaraies of Schistosomula and adult were sequenced using Illumina HiSeq2000.
2015-09-06 | E-GEOD-71722 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We report the design, fabrication, and validation of a microarray covering the majority of the Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma mansoni transcriptomes. The oligonucleotide microarray contains 12,166 S. mansoni and 7055 S. japonicum target sequences. A confidence threshold of 0.001 (P value) was used in all analyses. The cross hybridization potential of the microarray was representative of 10,362 probes detected in both channels, while 12,052 probes hybridised to S. japonicum and 11,254 probes hybridised to S. mansoni. Differential hybridisation consisted of 3422 probes to S. mansoni mRNA and 3103 probes to S. japonicum mRNA. Important biological functions, such as transport, metabolism, immune evasion and host?parasite immunological interplay, cell communication, and sexual maturation are represented on this microarray. This is the first microarray commercially manufactured for studying schistosomes, and the large size and verified quality of the resource demonstrate its power for characterising the schistosome transcriptome. Keywords: Interspecies Comparison
2006-07-07 | GSE5191 | GEO