Dataset Information

Vitamin D status modulates innate immune responses and metabolomic profiles following acute prolonged cycling.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

The influence of vitamin D status on exercise-induced immune dysfunction remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D status (circulating 25(OH)D) on innate immune responses and metabolomic profiles to prolonged exercise.

Methods

Twenty three healthy, recreationally active males (age 25 ± 7 years; maximal oxygen uptake [[Formula: see text]max] 56 ± 9 mL·kg^-1·min^-1), classified as being deficient (n = 7) or non-deficient n = 16) according to plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D, completed 2.5 h of cycling at 15% Δ (~ 55-60% [Formula: see text]max). Venous blood and unstimulated saliva samples were obtained before and after exercise.

Results

Participants with deficient plasma 25(OH)D on average had lower total lymphocyte count (mean difference [95% confidence interval], 0.5 cells × 10⁹ L [0.1, 0.9]), p = 0.013) and greater neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (1.3 cells × 10⁹ L, [0.1, 2.5], p = 0.033). The deficient group experienced reductions from pre-exercise to 1 h post-exercise (- 43% [- 70, - 15], p = 0.003) in bacterial stimulated elastase in blood neutrophils compared to non-deficient participants (1% [- 20, 21], p = 1.000) Multivariate analyses of plasma metabolomic profiles showed a clear separation of participants according to vitamin D status. Prominent sources of variation between groups were purine/pyrimidine catabolites, inflammatory markers (linoleic acid pathway), lactate and tyrosine/adrenaline.

Conclusion

These findings provide evidence of the influence of vitamin D status on exercise-induced changes in parameters of innate immune defence and metabolomic signatures such as markers of inflammation and metabolic stress.

SUBMITTER: Jones AW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10468936 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Vitamin D status modulates innate immune responses and metabolomic profiles following acute prolonged cycling.

Jones Arwel W AW Mironas Adrian A Mur Luis A J LAJ Beckmann Manfred M Thatcher Rhys R Davison Glen G

European journal of nutrition 20230717 7

<h4>Purpose</h4>The influence of vitamin D status on exercise-induced immune dysfunction remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D status (circulating 25(OH)D) on innate immune responses and metabolomic profiles to prolonged exercise.<h4>Methods</h4>Twenty three healthy, recreationally active males (age 25 ± 7 years; maximal oxygen uptake [[Formula: see text]max] 56 ± 9 mL·kg<sup>-1</sup>·min<sup>-1</sup>), classified as being deficient (n = 7) or non-def ...[more]

PMID: 37458775

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Project description:Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a major source of economic loss within the agricultural industry. Vaccination against BRD-associated viruses does not offer complete immune protection and vaccine failure animals present potential routes for disease spread. Serological differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) is possible using antigen-deleted vaccines, but during virus outbreaks DIVA responses are masked by wild-type virus preventing accurate serodiagnosis. Previous work by the authors has established the potential for metabolomic profiling to reveal metabolites associated with systemic immune responses to vaccination. The current study builds on this work by demonstrating for the first time the potential to use plasma metabolite profiling to differentiate between vaccinated and non-vaccinated animals following infection-challenge. Male Holstein Friesian calves were intranasally vaccinated (Pfizer RISPOVAL®PI3+RSV) and subsequently challenged with Bovine Parainfluenza Virus type-3 (BPI3V) via nasal inoculation. Metabolomic plasma profiling revealed that viral challenge led to a shift in acquired plasma metabolite profiles from day 2 to 20 p.i., with 26 metabolites identified whose peak intensities were significantly different following viral challenge depending on vaccination status. Elevated levels of biliverdin and bilirubin and decreased 3-indolepropionic acid in non-vaccinated animals at day 6 p.i. may be associated with increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen scavenging at periods of peak virus titre. During latter stages of infection, increased levels of N-[(3α,5β,12α)-3,12-dihydroxy-7,24-dioxocholan-24-yl]glycine and lysophosphatidycholine and decreased enterolactone in non-vaccinated animals may reflect suppression of innate immune response mechanisms and progression to adaptive immune responses. Levels of hexahydrohippurate were also shown to be significantly elevated in non-vaccinated animals from days 6 to 20 p.i. These findings demonstrate the potential of metabolomic profiling to identify plasma markers that can be employed in disease diagnostic applications to both differentially identify infected non-vaccinated animals during disease outbreaks and provide greater information on the health status of infected animals.

Dataset Information

Vitamin D status modulates innate immune responses and metabolomic profiles following acute prolonged cycling.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Vitamin D status modulates innate immune responses and metabolomic profiles following acute prolonged cycling.

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