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Genetic factors, adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors, and risk of bladder cancer.


ABSTRACT:

Background

Genetic and lifestyle factors both contribute to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer, but the extent to which the increased genetic risk can be mitigated by adhering to a healthy lifestyle remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of combined lifestyle factors with bladder cancer risk within genetic risk groups.

Methods

We conducted a prospective study of 375 998 unrelated participants of European ancestry with genotype and lifestyle data and free of cancer from the UK biobank. We generated a polygenic risk score (PRS) using 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms and a healthy lifestyle score based on body weight, smoking status, physical activity, and diet. Cox models were fitted to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of genetic and lifestyle factors on bladder cancer.

Results

During a median follow-up of 11.8 years, 880 participants developed bladder cancer. Compared with those with low PRS, participants with intermediate and high PRS had a higher risk of bladder cancer (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.07-1.56; HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.32-2.02, respectively). An optimal lifestyle was associated with an approximately 50% lower risk of bladder cancer than a poor lifestyle across all genetic strata. Participants with a high genetic risk and a poor lifestyle had 3.6-fold elevated risk of bladder cancer compared with those with a low genetic risk and an optimal lifestyle (HR 3.63, 95% CI 2.23 -5.91).

Conclusions

Adhering to a healthy lifestyle could substantially reduce the bladder cancer risk across all genetic strata, even for high-genetic risk individuals. For all populations, adopting an intermediate lifestyle is more beneficial than a poor one, and adhering to an optimal lifestyle is the ideal effective strategy for bladder cancer prevention.

SUBMITTER: He Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10568887 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic factors, adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors, and risk of bladder cancer.

He Qiangsheng Q   Wu Siqing S   Zhou Ying Y   Liu Yuchen Y   Xia Bin B   Li Wenjing W   Zhao Jinyu J   Mi Ningning N   Xie Peng P   Qin Xiwen X   Yuan Jinqiu J   Pan Yihang Y  

BMC cancer 20231012 1


<h4>Background</h4>Genetic and lifestyle factors both contribute to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer, but the extent to which the increased genetic risk can be mitigated by adhering to a healthy lifestyle remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of combined lifestyle factors with bladder cancer risk within genetic risk groups.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a prospective study of 375 998 unrelated participants of European ancestry with genotype and lifestyle data and free of cance  ...[more]

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