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Plant Protein but Not Animal Protein Consumption Is Associated with Frailty through Plasma Metabolites.

ABSTRACT: There is evidence that the association of protein intake and frailty may depend on the source of dietary protein. The mechanism underlying this association is not clear. In this study, we explore circulating metabolites as mediators of the relationship between dietary protein and of frailty in participants of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Cross-sectional analyses in 735 BLSA participants of associations between plant and animal protein intake and frailty. Usual protein intake from plant and animal sources were estimated with a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and frailty was assessed with a 44-item Frailty Index (FI). Compared with the lowest quartile, higher quartiles of plant, but not animal, protein were associated with lower FI. Twenty-five plasma metabolites were associated with plant protein intake; of these, fifteen, including phosphatidylcholines, cholesterol esters, sphingomyelins, and indole metabolites, mediated the association between plant protein intake and FI. The protective association between plant protein consumption and FI is mediated by lower abundance of lipid metabolites and higher abundance of tryptophan-related metabolites.

SUBMITTER: Tanaka T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10574762 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Plant Protein but Not Animal Protein Consumption Is Associated with Frailty through Plasma Metabolites.

Tanaka Toshiko T Das Jayanta K JK Jin Yichen Y Tian Qu Q Moaddel Ruin R Moore Ann Zenobia AZ Tucker Katherine L KL Talegawkar Sameera A SA Ferrucci Luigi L

Nutrients 20230928 19

There is evidence that the association of protein intake and frailty may depend on the source of dietary protein. The mechanism underlying this association is not clear. In this study, we explore circulating metabolites as mediators of the relationship between dietary protein and of frailty in participants of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Cross-sectional analyses in 735 BLSA participants of associations between plant and animal protein intake and frailty. Usual protein intake ...[more]

PMID: 37836476

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Project description:BackgroundIntake of nuts has been inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, partly through inducing a healthy lipid profile. How nut intake may affect lipid metabolites remains unclear.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the plasma lipid metabolites associated with habitual nut consumption in US men and women.MethodsWe analyzed cross-sectional data from 1099 participants in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), NHS II, and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Metabolic profiling was conducted on plasma by LC-mass spectrometry. Nut intake was estimated from food-frequency questionnaires. We included 144 known lipid metabolites that had CVs ≤25%. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the associations of nut consumption with individual plasma lipid metabolites.ResultsWe identified 17 lipid metabolites that were significantly associated with nut intake, based on a 1 serving (28 g)/d increment in multivariate models [false discovery rate (FDR) P value <0.05]. Among these species, 8 were positively associated with nut intake [C24:0 sphingomyelin (SM), C36:3 phosphatidylcholine (PC) plasmalogen-A, C36:2 PC plasmalogen, C24:0 ceramide, C36:1 PC plasmalogen, C22:0 SM, C34:1 PC plasmalogen, and C36:2 phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen], with changes in relative metabolite level (expressed in number of SDs on the log scale) ranging from 0.36 to 0.46 for 1 serving/d of nuts. The other 9 metabolites were inversely associated with nut intake with changes in relative metabolite level ranging from -0.34 to -0.44. In stratified analysis, 3 metabolites were positively associated with both peanuts and peanut butter (C24:0 SM, C24:0 ceramide, and C22:0 SM), whereas 6 metabolites were inversely associated with other nuts (FDR P value <0.05).ConclusionsA panel of lipid metabolites was associated with intake of nuts, which may provide insight into biological mechanisms underlying associations between nuts and cardiometabolic health. Metabolites that were positively associated with intake of nuts may be helpful in identifying potential biomarkers of nut intake.

Project description:BackgroundMultimorbidity is the most common chronic condition experienced among older adults. It is unknown which amount and source of protein influences the development of frailty and mortality in patients with multimorbidity. We aimed to examine the association of plant and animal sources of protein intake with frailty and mortality among this type of patients.MethodsThis longitudinal study included 1868 participants aged ≥ 60 years from the Seniors-ENRICA cohort in Spain with multimorbidity, defined as having 2 or more clinician-diagnosed chronic diseases. Habitual diet was assessed at baseline (2008-2010) with a validated computerized diet history. Participants underwent repeated physical examinations (in 2013, 2015 and 2017) for assessment of frailty (≥ 3 criteria from the frailty phenotype: low physical activity, slow walking speed, muscle weakness, weight loss and exhaustion). All-cause mortality was assessed up to January 2022. Analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazard models and multistate models adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle and other dietary factors.ResultsMean consumption of protein was 90.2 (standard deviation [SD]: 26.8) g/day, which represents 18.7% of the total energy intake and 1.23 (0.39) g per kg of body weight per day. Plant protein represented 6.16% of the energy intake, while animal protein represented 12.5%. During a median follow-up of 12.9 (range: 11.7-13.9) years, we documented 196 incident cases of frailty and 490 deaths; of these mortality cases, 83 individuals died after a frailty diagnosis. Higher intake of total protein was associated with decreased risk of frailty (hazard ratio [HR] for tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45, 0.96; p trend: 0.03). In multistate models, higher fish protein intake decreased the risk in the progression from multimorbidity to frailty (HR per 1-SD increment: 0.81 [95% CI: 0.68, 0.97]), and higher plant protein decreased the risk of progressing from multimorbidity to mortality (0.86 [0.75, 0.98]). In the progression from frailty to mortality, estimates for total, plant and animal protein showed increased risk (HR for 1 SD increment in total protein: 1.38 [1.05, 1.81]; HR for plant protein: 1.29 [1.01, 1.67]; HR for animal protein: 1.41 [1.04, 1.92]). No significant associations were found between meat protein and dairy protein in any transition.ConclusionsIn individuals with multimorbidity, higher protein intake, especially fish protein, was associated with lower risk of subsequent frailty, whereas plant protein intake was associated with lower risk of mortality. Higher total protein intake, however, might be detrimental in patients with multimorbidity and frailty.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02804672.

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Project description:BackgroundEpidemiologic studies have reported a modest inverse association between dairy consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether plasma metabolite profiles associated with dairy consumption reflect this relationship remains unknown.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify the plasma metabolites associated with total and specific dairy consumption, and to evaluate the association between the identified multi-metabolite profiles and T2D.MethodsThe discovery population included 1833 participants from the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) trial. The confirmatory cohorts included 1522 PREDIMED participants at year 1 of the trial and 4932 participants from the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS), Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII), and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study US-based cohorts. Dairy consumption was assessed using validated FFQs. Plasma metabolites (n = 385) were profiled using LC-MS. We identified the dairy-related metabolite profiles using elastic net regularized regressions with a 10-fold cross-validation procedure. We evaluated the associations between the metabolite profiles and incident T2D in the discovery and the confirmatory cohorts.ResultsTotal dairy intake was associated with 38 metabolites. C14:0 sphingomyelin (positive coefficient), C34:0 phosphatidylethanolamine (positive coefficient), and γ-butyrobetaine (negative coefficient) were associated in a directionally similar fashion with total and specific (milk, yogurt, cheese) dairy consumption. The Pearson correlation coefficients between self-reported total dairy intake and predicted total dairy intake based on the corresponding multi-metabolite profile were 0.37 (95% CI, 0.33-0.40) in the discovery cohort and 0.16 (95% CI, 0.13-0.19) in the US confirmatory cohort. After adjusting for T2D risk factors, a higher total dairy intake-related metabolite profile score was associated with a lower T2D risk [HR per 1 SD; discovery cohort: 0.76 (95% CI, 0.63-0.90); US confirmatory cohort: 0.88 (95% CI, 0.78-0.99)].ConclusionsTotal dairy intake was associated with 38 metabolites, including 3 consistently associated with dairy subtypes (C14:0 sphingomyelin, C34:0 phosphatidylethanolamine, γ-butyrobetaine). A score based on the 38 identified metabolites showed an inverse association with T2D risk in Spanish and US populations.

Dataset Information

Plant Protein but Not Animal Protein Consumption Is Associated with Frailty through Plasma Metabolites.

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Plant Protein but Not Animal Protein Consumption Is Associated with Frailty through Plasma Metabolites.

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