Dataset Information

Codiversification of gut microbiota with humans.

ABSTRACT: The gut microbiomes of human populations worldwide have many core microbial species in common. However, within a species, some strains can show remarkable population specificity. The question is whether such specificity arises from a shared evolutionary history (codiversification) between humans and their microbes. To test for codiversification of host and microbiota, we analyzed paired gut metagenomes and human genomes for 1225 individuals in Europe, Asia, and Africa, including mothers and their children. Between and within countries, a parallel evolutionary history was evident for humans and their gut microbes. Moreover, species displaying the strongest codiversification independently evolved traits characteristic of host dependency, including reduced genomes and oxygen and temperature sensitivity. These findings all point to the importance of understanding the potential role of population-specific microbial strains in microbiome-mediated disease phenotypes.

SUBMITTER: Suzuki TA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10777373 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Codiversification of gut microbiota with humans.

Suzuki Taichi A TA Fitzstevens J Liam JL Schmidt Victor T VT Enav Hagay H Huus Kelsey E KE Mbong Ngwese Mirabeau M Grießhammer Anne A Pfleiderer Anne A Adegbite Bayode R BR Zinsou Jeannot F JF Esen Meral M Velavan Thirumalaisamy P TP Adegnika Ayola A AA Song Le Huu LH Spector Timothy D TD Muehlbauer Amanda L AL Marchi Nina N Kang Hyena H Maier Lisa L Blekhman Ran R Ségurel Laure L Ko GwangPyo G Youngblut Nicholas D ND Kremsner Peter P Ley Ruth E RE

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20220915 6612

The gut microbiomes of human populations worldwide have many core microbial species in common. However, within a species, some strains can show remarkable population specificity. The question is whether such specificity arises from a shared evolutionary history (codiversification) between humans and their microbes. To test for codiversification of host and microbiota, we analyzed paired gut metagenomes and human genomes for 1225 individuals in Europe, Asia, and Africa, including mothers and thei ...[more]

PMID: 36108023

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Project description:BackgroundThe human gut microbiome-endocannabinoidome axis is crucial for several homeostatic processes, including inflammation and energy metabolism, and is influenced by many endogenous and exogenous factors, such as dietary habits. Changes in the gut microbiome in response to seasonal variations were previously reported and tentatively attributed to shifts in dietary patterns. However, there is a need for longitudinal studies in industrialized populations to comprehensively explore seasonal variations independently of lifestyle confounding factors.ObjectiveTo investigate the longitudinal effects of seasonal variations on the composition of the gut microbiome and the circulating levels of endocannabinoidome mediators in humans, while elucidating the contributing factors underlying these changes.MethodsPlasma and fecal samples were collected at the end of both the winter and summer in a longitudinal cohort of 48 individuals living in Québec City (Canada). Dietary habits, medical history, fecal microbiota taxonomic composition and plasma levels of circulating N‑acyl‑ethanolamines (NAEs) and 2‑monoacyl-glycerols (2‑MAGs) were obtained at each time point.ResultsLower circulating levels of most NAEs were observed at the end of summer. These changes were accompanied by a reduction in the relative abundance of the Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae families, along with an increase in the abundance of the Bacteroidaceae and Ruminococcaceae families. These seasonal variations were not associated with concurrent changes in adiposity parameters, dietary intakes, physical activity habits, or vitamin D status. Importantly, the magnitude of the shift in gut microbiota composition from winter to summer was found to be associated with the seasonal variations in circulating endocannabinoidome (eCBome) mediators.ConclusionThis study identified specific seasonal changes in gut microbiota composition and circulating levels of several NAEs, which were not associated with vitamin D status and lifestyle habits. It underscores the importance of the gut microbiota-endocannabinoidome axis in the pathophysiology of seasonal changes, and of considering seasons in clinical trials on these systems.

Dataset Information

Codiversification of gut microbiota with humans.

Publications

Codiversification of gut microbiota with humans.

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