Dataset Information

Increased impulsivity in response to food cues after sleep loss in healthy young men.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To investigate whether acute total sleep deprivation (TSD) leads to decreased cognitive control when food cues are presented during a task requiring active attention, by assessing the ability to cognitively inhibit prepotent responses.

Methods

Fourteen males participated in the study on two separate occasions in a randomized, crossover within-subject design: one night of TSD versus normal sleep (8.5 hours). Following each nighttime intervention, hunger ratings and morning fasting plasma glucose concentrations were assessed before performing a go/no-go task.

Results

Following TSD, participants made significantly more commission errors when they were presented "no-go" food words in the go/no-go task, as compared with their performance following sleep (+56%; P<0.05). In contrast, response time and omission errors to "go" non-food words did not differ between the conditions. Self-reported hunger after TSD was increased without changes in fasting plasma glucose. The increase in hunger did not correlate with the TSD-induced commission errors.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that TSD impairs cognitive control also in response to food stimuli in healthy young men. Whether such loss of inhibition or impulsiveness is food cue-specific as seen in obesity-thus providing a mechanism through which sleep disturbances may promote obesity development-warrants further investigation.

SUBMITTER: Cedernaes J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4314688 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Increased impulsivity in response to food cues after sleep loss in healthy young men.

Cedernaes Jonathan J Brandell Jon J Ros Olof O Broman Jan-Erik JE Hogenkamp Pleunie S PS Schiöth Helgi B HB Benedict Christian C

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20140516 8

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate whether acute total sleep deprivation (TSD) leads to decreased cognitive control when food cues are presented during a task requiring active attention, by assessing the ability to cognitively inhibit prepotent responses.<h4>Methods</h4>Fourteen males participated in the study on two separate occasions in a randomized, crossover within-subject design: one night of TSD versus normal sleep (8.5 hours). Following each nighttime intervention, hunger ratings and mornin ...[more]

PMID: 24839251

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Project description:ImportanceThe neurobiology of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is poorly understood.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether individuals with ARFID exhibit disruptions in fear, appetite, and disgust brain regions compared with healthy control (HC) participants when shown images of food and objects.Design, setting, and participantsIn this case-control study conducted from July 2016 to January 2021, children, adolescents, and young adults completed structured interviews and a validated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) food cue paradigm. The study was conducted at a single academic medical center. Data analysis was conducted from April 2023 to August 2024.ExposuresPresence vs absence of ARFID and its phenotypes (ARFID-fear, ARFID-lack of interest in eating, ARFID-sensory sensitivity); pictures of food vs objects during fMRI food cue paradigm.Main outcomes and measuresBlood oxygenation level-dependent activation in regions of interest (ROIs; amygdala, hypothalamus, insula, anterior cingulate cortex [ACC]) and the whole brain.ResultsParticipants were 110 children, adolescents, and young adults with full or subthreshold ARFID (75 participants; mean [SD] age, 16.2 [3.8] years; 41 [55%] female) and age-matched HC participants (35 participants; mean [SD] age, 17.3 [4.0] years; 27 [69%] female) recruited for studies of the neurobiology of ARFID and restrictive eating disorders. Participants with ARFID demonstrated greater activation than HC participants of the ACC (mean difference, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.19 to 0.77]; P = .009), sensory association cortex (mean difference on left side, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.29 to 0.79]; P = .005; right side, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.28 to 0.76]; P = .02), and supplementary motor cortex (mean difference, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.47 to 1.15]; P = .04). The ARFID-fear group showed greater amygdala activation vs HC (mean difference, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.16 to 0.82]; P = .04), and greater lack of interest was associated with lower hypothalamus activation in the ARFID-lack of interest group (r = -0.38 [95% CI, -0.69 to -0.11]; P = .03). The ARFID-sensory sensitivity group did not show greater insula activation vs HC but showed greater activation of the ACC (mean difference, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.22 to 0.74]; P = .005) and somatosensory cortex (mean difference on left side, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.33-0.87]; P = .001; right side, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.29 to 0.80]; P = .03).Conclusions and relevanceResults indicate generalized hyperactivation of ACC, sensory association cortex, and supplementary motor cortex in response to visual food stimuli in children, adolescents, and young adults with ARFID, suggesting a novel neurobiological circuit associated with this disorder. Activation appears consistent with ARFID phenotypic rationales for food avoidance, with hyperactivation of fear regions in ARFID-fear and hypoactivation of appetite regions with increasing ARFID-lack of interest severity.

Dataset Information

Increased impulsivity in response to food cues after sleep loss in healthy young men.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Increased impulsivity in response to food cues after sleep loss in healthy young men.

Similar Datasets

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