Dataset Information

Antioxidant nanozyme counteracts HIV-1 by modulating intracellular redox potential.

ABSTRACT: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulates the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) during infection. However, the application of this knowledge to develop therapeutic strategies remained unsuccessful due to the harmful consequences of manipulating cellular antioxidant systems. Here, we show that vanadium pentoxide (V₂ O₅ ) nanosheets functionally mimic natural glutathione peroxidase activity to mitigate ROS associated with HIV-1 infection without adversely affecting cellular physiology. Using genetic reporters of glutathione redox potential and hydrogen peroxide, we showed that V₂ O₅ nanosheets catalyze ROS neutralization in HIV-1-infected cells and uniformly block viral reactivation and replication. Mechanistically, V₂ O₅ nanosheets suppressed HIV-1 by affecting the expression of pathways coordinating redox balance, virus transactivation (e.g., NF-κB), inflammation, and apoptosis. Importantly, a combination of V₂ O₅ nanosheets with a pharmacological inhibitor of NF-κB (BAY11-7082) abrogated reactivation of HIV-1. Lastly, V₂ O₅ nanosheets inhibit viral reactivation upon prostratin stimulation of latently infected CD4⁺ T cells from HIV-infected patients receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy. Our data successfully revealed the usefulness of V₂ O₅ nanosheets against HIV and suggested nanozymes as future platforms to develop interventions against infectious diseases.

SUBMITTER: Singh S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8103102 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Antioxidant nanozyme counteracts HIV-1 by modulating intracellular redox potential.

Singh Shalini S Ghosh Sourav S Pal Virender Kumar VK Munshi MohamedHusen M Shekar Pooja P Narasimha Murthy Diwakar Tumkur DT Mugesh Govindasamy G Singh Amit A

EMBO molecular medicine 20210401 5

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulates the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) during infection. However, the application of this knowledge to develop therapeutic strategies remained unsuccessful due to the harmful consequences of manipulating cellular antioxidant systems. Here, we show that vanadium pentoxide (V<sub>2</sub> O<sub>5</sub> ) nanosheets functionally mimic natural glutathione peroxidase activity to mitigate ROS associated with HIV-1 infection without adversely affe ...[more]

PMID: 33793064

Similar Datasets

Project description:Global warming is impacting the growth and development of economically important but sensitive crops, such as soybean (Glycine max L.). Using pleiotropic signaling molecules, melatonin can relieve the negative effects of high temperature by enhancing plant growth and development as well as modulating the defense system against abiotic stresses. However, less is known about how melatonin regulates the phytohormones and polyamines during heat stress. Our results showed that high temperature significantly increased ROS and decreased photosynthesis efficiency in soybean plants. Conversely, pretreatment with melatonin increased plant growth and photosynthetic pigments (chl a and chl b) and reduced oxidative stress via scavenging hydrogen peroxide and superoxide and reducing the MDA and electrolyte leakage contents. The inherent stress defense responses were further strengthened by the enhanced activities of antioxidants and upregulation of the expression of ascorbate-glutathione cycle genes. Melatonin mitigates heat stress by increasing several biochemicals (phenolics, flavonoids, and proline), as well as the endogenous melatonin and polyamines (spermine, spermidine, and putrescine). Furthermore, the positive effects of melatonin treatment also correlated with a reduced abscisic acid content, down-regulation of the gmNCED3, and up-regulation of catabolic genes (CYP707A1 and CYP707A2) during heat stress. Contrarily, an increase in salicylic acid and up-regulated expression of the defense-related gene PAL2 were revealed. In addition, melatonin induced the expression of heat shock protein 90 (gmHsp90) and heat shock transcription factor (gmHsfA2), suggesting promotion of ROS detoxification via the hydrogen peroxide-mediated signaling pathway. In conclusion, exogenous melatonin improves the thermotolerance of soybean plants and enhances plant growth and development by activating antioxidant defense mechanisms, interacting with plant hormones, and reprogramming the biochemical metabolism.

Dataset Information

Antioxidant nanozyme counteracts HIV-1 by modulating intracellular redox potential.

Publications

Antioxidant nanozyme counteracts HIV-1 by modulating intracellular redox potential.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets