Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Air Pollution.

ABSTRACT: The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes have increased in the last decades and are expected to further grow in the coming years. Chronic hyperglycemia triggers free radical generation and causes increased oxidative stress, affecting a number of molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways, including the generation of advanced glycation end products, proinflammatory and procoagulant effects, induction of apoptosis, vascular smooth-muscle cell proliferation, endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunction, reduction of nitric oxide release, and activation of protein kinase C. Among type 2 diabetes determinants, many data have documented the adverse effects of environmental factors (e.g., air pollutants) through multiple exposure-induced mechanisms (e.g., systemic inflammation and oxidative s

SUBMITTER: Gorini F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8388875 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature