Dataset Information

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction and BinaxNOW Rapid Antigen Tests at a Community Site During an Omicron Surge : A Cross-Sectional Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests are an important public health tool.

Objective

To evaluate field performance of the BinaxNOW rapid antigen test (Abbott) compared with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for detecting infection with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2.

Design

Cross-sectional surveillance study.

Setting

Free, walk-up, outdoor, urban community testing and vaccine site led by Unidos en Salud, serving a predominantly Latinx community highly impacted by COVID-19.

Participants

Persons seeking COVID-19 testing in January 2022.

Measurements

Simultaneous BinaxNOW and RT-PCR from nasal, cheek, and throat swabs, including cycle threshold (Ct) measures; a lower Ct value is a surrogate for higher amounts of virus.

Results

Among 731 persons tested with nasal swabs, there were 296 (40.5%) positive results on RT-PCR; 98.9% were the Omicron variant. BinaxNOW detected 95.2% (95% CI, 91% to 98%) of persons who tested positive on RT-PCR with a Ct value below 30, 82.1% (CI, 77% to 87%) of those who tested positive on RT-PCR with a Ct value below 35, and 65.2% (CI, 60% to 71%) of all who were positive on RT-PCR. Among 75 persons with simultaneous nasal and cheek swabs, BinaxNOW using a cheek swab failed to detect 91% (20 of 22) of specimens that were positive on BinaxNOW with a nasal swab. Among persons with simultaneous nasal and throat swabs who were positive on RT-PCR with a Ct value below 30, 42 of 49 (85.7%) were detected by nasal BinaxNOW, 23 of 49 (46.9%) by throat BinaxNOW, and 44 of 49 (89.8%) by either.

Limitation

Participants were a cross-sectional sample from a community-based sentinel surveillance site, precluding study of viral or symptom dynamics.

Conclusion

BinaxNOW detected persons with high SARS-CoV-2 levels during the Omicron surge, enabling rapid responses to positive test results. Cheek or throat swabs should not replace nasal swabs. As currently recommended, high-risk persons with an initial negative BinaxNOW result should have repeated testing.

Primary funding source

University of California, San Francisco.

SUBMITTER: Schrom J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8943844 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction and BinaxNOW Rapid Antigen Tests at a Community Site During an Omicron Surge : A Cross-Sectional Study.

Schrom John J Marquez Carina C Pilarowski Genay G Wang Chung-Yu CY Mitchell Anthea A Puccinelli Robert R Black Doug D Rojas Susana S Ribeiro Salustiano S Tulier-Laiwa Valerie V Martinez Jacqueline J Payan Joselin J Rojas Susy S Jones Diane D Martinez Daniel D Nakamura Robert R Chamie Gabriel G Jain Vivek V Petersen Maya M DeRisi Joe J Havlir Diane D

Annals of internal medicine 20220315 5

<h4>Background</h4>SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests are an important public health tool.<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate field performance of the BinaxNOW rapid antigen test (Abbott) compared with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for detecting infection with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2.<h4>Design</h4>Cross-sectional surveillance study.<h4>Setting</h4>Free, walk-up, outdoor, urban community testing and vaccine site led by Unidos en Salud, serving a predominantly Latinx co ...[more]

PMID: 35286144

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundTests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) based on reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) are being used to rule out infection among high-risk persons, such as exposed inpatients and health care workers. It is critical to understand how the predictive value of the test varies with time from exposure and symptom onset to avoid being falsely reassured by negative test results.ObjectiveTo estimate the false-negative rate by day since infection.DesignLiterature review and pooled analysis.Setting7 previously published studies providing data on RT-PCR performance by time since symptom onset or SARS-CoV-2 exposure using samples from the upper respiratory tract (n = 1330).PatientsA mix of inpatients and outpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.MeasurementsA Bayesian hierarchical model was fitted to estimate the false-negative rate by day since exposure and symptom onset.ResultsOver the 4 days of infection before the typical time of symptom onset (day 5), the probability of a false-negative result in an infected person decreases from 100% (95% CI, 100% to 100%) on day 1 to 67% (CI, 27% to 94%) on day 4. On the day of symptom onset, the median false-negative rate was 38% (CI, 18% to 65%). This decreased to 20% (CI, 12% to 30%) on day 8 (3 days after symptom onset) then began to increase again, from 21% (CI, 13% to 31%) on day 9 to 66% (CI, 54% to 77%) on day 21.LimitationImprecise estimates due to heterogeneity in the design of studies on which results were based.ConclusionCare must be taken in interpreting RT-PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection-particularly early in the course of infection-when using these results as a basis for removing precautions intended to prevent onward transmission. If clinical suspicion is high, infection should not be ruled out on the basis of RT-PCR alone, and the clinical and epidemiologic situation should be carefully considered.Primary funding sourceNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins Health System, and U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Dataset Information

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction and BinaxNOW Rapid Antigen Tests at a Community Site During an Omicron Surge : A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Measurements

Results

Limitation

Conclusion

Primary funding source

Publications

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction and BinaxNOW Rapid Antigen Tests at a Community Site During an Omicron Surge : A Cross-Sectional Study.

Similar Datasets

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