Dataset Information

Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM_2.5 in Asia-Pacific: a Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose of review

Health effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM_2.5 vary with regions, and 75% of the deaths attributable to PM_2.5 were estimated in Asia-Pacific in 2017. This systematic review aims to summarize the existing evidence from cohort studies on health effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM_2.5 in Asia-Pacific.

Recent findings

In Asia-Pacific, 60 cohort studies were conducted in Australia, Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and South Korea. They consistently supported associations of long-term exposure to PM_2.5 with increased all-cause/non-accidental and cardiovascular mortality as well as with incidence of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, kidney diseases, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Evidence for other health effects was limited. Inequalities were identified in PM_2.5-health associations. To optimize air pollution control and public health prevention, further studies need to assess the health effects of long-term PM_2.5 exposure in understudied regions, the health effects of long-term PM_2.5 exposure on mortality and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, renal diseases, dementia and lung cancer, and inequalities in PM_2.5-health associations. Study design, especially exposure assessment methods, should be improved.

SUBMITTER: Yang Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9090712 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Asia-Pacific: a Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.

Yang Zhengyu Z Mahendran Rahini R Yu Pei P Xu Rongbin R Yu Wenhua W Godellawattage Sugeesha S Li Shanshan S Guo Yuming Y

Current environmental health reports 20220316 2

<h4>Purpose of review</h4>Health effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> vary with regions, and 75% of the deaths attributable to PM<sub>2.5</sub> were estimated in Asia-Pacific in 2017. This systematic review aims to summarize the existing evidence from cohort studies on health effects of long-term exposure to ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Asia-Pacific.<h4>Recent findings</h4>In Asia-Pacific, 60 cohort studies were conducted in Australia, Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and S ...[more]

PMID: 35292927

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Project description:IntroductionLong-term exposure to ambient air pollution is related to major cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and overweight, but with few studies in high-concentration nations like China so far. We aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm, PM2.5) and major cardiovascular risk factors in China.MethodsAdult participants with selected biochemical tests were recruited from the Chinese Physiological Constant and Health Condition (CPCHC) survey conducted from 2007 to 2011. Gridded PM2.5 data used were derived from satellite-observed data with adjustment of ground-observed data. District-level PM2.5 data were generated to estimate the association using multivariate logistic regression model and generalized additive model.ResultsA total of 19,236 participants from the CPCHC survey were included with an average age of 42.8 ± 16.1 years, of which nearly half were male (47.0%). The annual average PM2.5 exposure before the CPCHC survey was 33.4 (14.8-53.4) μg/m3, ranging from 8.0 μg/m3 (Xiwuqi) to 94.7 μg/m3 (Chengdu). Elevated PM2.5 was associated with increased prevalence of hypertension (odds ratio (OR) =1.022, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.001, 1.043) and decreased prevalence of overweight (OR = 0.926, 95%CI: 0.910, 0.942). Education significantly interacted with PM2.5 in association with all the interesting risk factors. Each 10 μg/m3 increment of PM2.5 was associated with increased prevalence of diabetes (OR = 1.118, 95%CI: 1.037, 1.206), hypertension (OR = 1.101, 95%CI: 1.056, 1.147), overweight (OR = 1.071, 95%CI: 1.030, 1.114) in participants with poor education, but not in well-educated population. PM2.5 exposure was negatively associated with hyperlipidemia in all participants (OR = 0.939, 95%CI: 0.921, 0.957). The results were robust in all the sensitivity analyses.ConclusionAssociation between long-term PM2.5 exposure and cardiovascular risk factors might be modified by education. PM2.5 was associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and overweight in a less-educated population with time-expose dependency. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 might be associated with a lower prevalence of hyperlipidemia.

Project description:Background: Ambient particulate matter is a public health concern in East Asia as it contributes to a growing number of all-cause and cancer deaths. This study aimed to estimate lung cancer death attributable to ambient particulate matter (PM) < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in East Asia countries. Methods: The attributable death rates of lung cancer were estimated based on the calculation of population attributable fraction. We performed joinpoint regression analysis and age-period-cohort (APC) model to estimate temporal trends of the attributable death to PM2.5. Results: In 2019, PM2.5 was estimated to have caused 42.2% (nearly 0.13 million) of lung cancer deaths in East Asia men. During 1990-2019, the increase in age-standardized death rates of lung cancer attributable to PM2.5 was highest in China, which increased by 3.50% in males and 3.71% in females. The death rate caused by PM2.5 also significantly increased in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2.16% in males; 3.06% in females). Joinpoint analysis showed that the rates generally increased in younger and older people in both the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and Mongolia, while it only increased in elderly people in other countries'. Age effect from APC analysis demonstrated the risk of lung cancer death attributable to PM2.5 generally increased from young to old age. Period effect indicated that from 1994-1998 to 2019-2023 period risk continuously increased by 1.77, 1.68, and 1.72 times in China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and Japan, respectively. The period risk decreased from 1999 to 2009 and subsequently increased from 2009 to 2019 in both the Republic of Korea and Mongolia. Conclusions: The death rate of lung cancer attributable to PM2.5 is increasing in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Mongolia, and China. In East Asia, China is facing the highest attributable death rate in recent decades. The period effect suggested a remarkably increased risk of lung cancer death caused by PM2.5 in China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and Japan during the long-term period. It is recommended that the governments of these countries should continuously concentrate on particulate matter pollution governance and improvement.

Dataset Information

Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM_2.5 in Asia-Pacific: a Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.

Purpose of review

Recent findings

Publications

Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Asia-Pacific: a Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.

Similar Datasets

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Dataset Information

Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 in Asia-Pacific: a Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.

Purpose of review

Recent findings

Publications

Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; in Asia-Pacific: a Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM_2.5 in Asia-Pacific: a Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.

Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Asia-Pacific: a Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.