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Is Helicobacter pylori infection associated with pancreatic cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objectives

Recent observational studies have investigated the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and pancreatic cancer with conflicting data. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the potential association.

Design

This is a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

We searched three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) from inception to 30 August 2022. The summary results as odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled by generic inverse variance method based on random-effects model.

Results

A total of 20 observational studies involving 67,718 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of data from 12 case-control studies and 5 nested case-control studies showed that there was no significant association between H. pylori infection and the risk of pancreatic cancer (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.95-1.51, p = 0.13). Similarly, we also did not find significant association between cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) positive strains, CagA negative strains, vacuolating cytotoxin gene A (VacA) positive strains H. pylori infection, and the risk of pancreatic cancer. Meta-analysis of data from three cohort studies showed that H. pylori infection was not significantly associated with an increased risk of incident pancreatic cancer (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.65-2.42, p = 0.50).

Conclusion

We found insufficient evidence to support the proposed association between H. pylori infection and increased risk of pancreatic cancer. To better understand any association, future evidence from large, well-designed, high-quality prospective cohort studies that accounts for diverse ethnic populations, certain H. pylori strains, and confounding factors would be useful to settle this controversy.

SUBMITTER: Zhou BG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9986679 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Is <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection associated with pancreatic cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Zhou Ben-Gang BG Mei Yu-Zhou YZ Wang Jing-Shu JS Xia Jian-Lei JL Jiang Xin X Ju Sheng-Yong SY Ding Yan-Bing YB

Therapeutic advances in chronic disease 20230213

<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Recent observational studies have investigated the association between <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection and pancreatic cancer with conflicting data. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the potential association.<h4>Design</h4>This is a systematic review and meta-analysis.<h4>Methods</h4>We searched three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) from inception to 30 August 2022. The summary results ...[more]

PMID: 36890981

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