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Principles for the regulation of multiple developmental pathways by a versatile transcriptional factor, BLIMP1(ChIP-Seq)

ABSTRACT: Transcription factors (TFs) regulate biological events depending on cellular contexts, precise mechanisms for which are elusive. BLIMP1 has been shown to play key roles in many developmental processes, canonically as a transcriptional repressor that targets to proximities of promoters. Here, we systematically and quantitatively characterized genomic binding patterns of BLIMP1 across four distinct, developing cell types; photoreceptor precursors, embryonic intestinal epithelium, plasmablasts, and primordial germ cells (PGCs). BLIMP1-binding sites are highly enriched in genomic regions proximal to transcription start sites (TSSs), majority of which are shared among cell types and are highly occupied by BLIMP1, whereas only a small number of associated genes are regulated consistently among cell types. In contrast, BLIMP1 weakly binds to more distal, cell type-specific sites with divergent recognition sequences, which account for gene regulations much more efficiently in proportion to the magnitude of expression level changes, with notably similar impacts per site among cell types. Various TF motifs contained in the cell type-specific binding sites exhibit only moderate impacts on transcription dynamics and BLIMP1-occupancy levels. On the other hand, germ cells uniquely involve the shared binding sites in the specification, and grossly maintain the binding pattern in late PGCs, accounting for vast majority of the repressive targets. Furthermore, we identified new sequence motifs strongly bound to BLIMP1 especially in the late PGCs, GGGAAA repeats, a few of which are located around key regulators of gametogenesis. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the genomic regulation of BLIMP1 across developmental processes.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE91038 | GEO | 2017/08/31

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA356733

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: During the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) vast changes in the embryonic transcriptome are produced by a combination of two processes: elimination of maternally provided mRNAs and synthesis of new transcripts from the zygotic genome. Previous genome-wide analyses of the MZT have been restricted to whole embryos. Here we report the first such analysis for primordial germ cells (PGCs), the progenitors of the germ-line stem cells. Results: We purified PGCs from Drosophila embryos, defined their proteome and transcriptome, and assessed the content, scale and dynamics of their MZT. Transcripts encoding proteins that implement particular types of biological functions group into nine distinct expression profiles, reflecting coordinate control at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. mRNAs encoding germ-plasm components and cell-cell signaling molecules are rapidly degraded while new transcription produces mRNAs encoding the core transcriptional and protein synthetic machineries. The RNA-binding protein, Smaug, is essential for the PGC MZT, clearing transcripts encoding proteins that regulate stem cell behavior, transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes. Computational analyses suggest that Smaug and AU-rich element binding-proteins function independently to control transcript elimination. Conclusion: The scale of the MZT is similar in the soma and PGCs. However, the timing and content of their MZTs differ, reflecting the distinct developmental imperatives of these cell types. The PGC MZT is delayed relative to that in the soma, likely because relief of PGC-specific transcriptional silencing is required for zygotic genome activation as well as for efficient maternal transcript clearance. There are 26 samples in total, including 1-to-3 hour, 3-to-5 hour, 5-to-7 hour PGCs in wild type and smaug mutant flies and 1-to-3 hour somatic cells in wild type flies. Except for the 1-to-3 hour and 3-to-5 hour smaug mutant PGCs which have three replicates, all the other samples have four replicates.

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Principles for the regulation of multiple developmental pathways by a versatile transcriptional factor, BLIMP1(ChIP-Seq)

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