Project description:Decreased ambient temperature, from birth to weaning, significantly reduced fat mass (FM) and adiposity in developing mice. Changes in FM content in 10 day-old mice raised at 17°C were not accompanied by precocious induction of brown adipocytes in inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT). Brown phenotype was induced in 21 day-old mice independently of ambient temperature (17°C or 29°C) however the expression of Ucp1 and other brown fat biomarker genes was greater in animals raised at 17°C suggesting increased adaptive thermogenesis. Accordingly, we predict that the induction of brown adipocytes in WAT follows a strict developmental program and the number of potential brown adipocytes in WAT is determined genetically. Microarray analysis of gene expression was performed on inguinal white adipose tissue dissected from 10 and 21 day-old mice kept at different temperature conditions, that is, in mice maintained at 17°C or 29oC during early post-natal development.
Project description:Decreased ambient temperature, from birth to weaning, significantly reduced fat mass (FM) and adiposity in developing mice. Changes in FM content in 10 day-old mice raised at 17°C were not accompanied by precocious induction of brown adipocytes in inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT). Brown phenotype was induced in 21 day-old mice independently of ambient temperature (17°C or 29°C) however the expression of Ucp1 and other brown fat biomarker genes was greater in animals raised at 17°C suggesting increased adaptive thermogenesis. Accordingly, we predict that the induction of brown adipocytes in WAT follows a strict developmental program and the number of potential brown adipocytes in WAT is determined genetically.
Project description:We report molecular characterization of human brown and white adipocytes. We showed that PAZ6 and SW872 cells exhibit classical molecular and phenotypic markers of brown and white adipocytes, respectively. However, SGBS cells presented a versatile phenotype of adipocyte
Project description:In order to select mRNA transcripts strongly enriched in murine white adipocytes versus brown adipocytes or stromal-vascular fraction, gene expression data of the adipocyte and stromal-vascular fractions of the interscapular brown, inguinal subcutaneous as well as visceral epididymal adipose tissue depots of young adult male C57BL/6 mice housed at constant 23°C ambient temperature were obtained.
Project description:We report molecular characterization of human brown and white adipocytes. We showed that PAZ6 and SW872 cells exhibit classical molecular and phenotypic markers of brown and white adipocytes, respectively. However, SGBS cells presented a versatile phenotype of adipocyte Sequencing of three human adipocytes cell lines (SGBS, SW872 and PAZ6) in undifferentiated and differentiated stages.
Project description:Purpose: Determine the function of lncBATE10 in brown and white adipocyte differentiation Methods: primary brown and white apreadipocytes were isolated by cell culture. We infected brown preadipocytes with retroviral shRNA targeting lncBATE10 or with retrovirus overexpressing lncBATE10. Cells were induced to differetinate for 5 days. Total RNA were harvested for RNA-seq Conclusions: Our study shows that lncBATE10 is required for BAT-selective program expression. Overexpression of lncBATE10 is not sufficient to promote BAT marker expression.
Project description:cDNA aCGH study of pure DCIS (breast duct carcinoma in situ) without invasive tumor, DCIS associated with IDC (breast invasive duct carcinoma) and its IDC component 23 patients: 6 pure DCIS without invasive cancer and no history of invasive cancer, 17 DCIS associated with IDC. Out of the latter 1 tumor had only enough DCIS (#16) for aCGH and one - IDC (#23) Keywords: Comparative clinical study
Project description:Ramirez2017 - Human global metabolism in
brown and white adipocytes
Recon 2.1A, an update to Recon 2.1x, is suitable for
quantitatively-realistic results for flux balance analysis in
human metabolism.
This model is described in the article:
Integrating Extracellular
Flux Measurements and Genome-Scale Modeling Reveals Differences
between Brown and White Adipocytes.
Ramirez AK, Lynes MD, Shamsi F, Xue
R, Tseng YH, Kahn CR, Kasif S, Dreyfuss JM.
Cell Rep 2017 Dec; 21(11):
3040-3048
Abstract:
White adipocytes are specialized for energy storage, whereas
brown adipocytes are specialized for energy expenditure.
Explicating this difference can help identify therapeutic
targets for obesity. A common tool to assess metabolic
differences between such cells is the Seahorse Extracellular
Flux (XF) Analyzer, which measures oxygen consumption and media
acidification in the presence of different substrates and
perturbagens. Here, we integrate the Analyzer's metabolic
profile from human white and brown adipocytes with a
genome-scale metabolic model to predict flux differences across
the metabolic map. Predictions matched experimental data for
the metabolite 4-aminobutyrate, the protein ABAT, and the
fluxes for glucose, glutamine, and palmitate. We also uncovered
a difference in how adipocytes dispose of nitrogenous waste,
with brown adipocytes secreting less ammonia and more urea than
white adipocytes. Thus, the method and software we developed
allow for broader metabolic phenotyping and provide a distinct
approach to uncovering metabolic differences.
This model is hosted on
BioModels Database
and identified by:
MODEL1703310000.
To cite BioModels Database, please use:
Chelliah V et al. BioModels: ten-year
anniversary. Nucl. Acids Res. 2015, 43(Database
issue):D542-8.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to
the public domain worldwide. Please refer to
CC0
Public Domain Dedication for more information.
Project description:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and the browning of white adipose tissue are important components of energy expenditure. An RNAseq-based analysis of the mouse BAT transcriptome led us to identify GPR120 as a gene induced by thermogenic activation. GPR120, a G protein-coupled receptor binding unsaturated long-chain fatty acids, is known to mediate some beneficial metabolic actions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. We show that pharmacological activation of GPR120 induces BAT activity and promotes the browning of white fat in mice, whereas GRP120-null mice show impaired browning in response to cold. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce brown and beige adipocyte differentiation and thermogenic activation, and these effects require GPR120. GPR120 activation induces the release of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) by brown and beige adipocytes and increases blood FGF21 levels. The effects of GPR120 activation are impaired in FGF21-null mice and cells. Thus, the lipid sensor GPR120 constitutes a novel pathway of brown fat activation and involves FGF21.
Project description:The adipose organ, including white and brown adipose tissues, is an important player in systemic energy homeostasis, storing excess energy in form of lipids while releasing energy upon various energy demands. Recent studies have demonstrated that white and brown adipocytes also function as endocrine cells and regulate systemic metabolism by secreting factors that act locally and systemically. However, a comparative proteomic analysis of secreted factors from white and brown adipocytes and their responsiveness to adrenergic stimulation has not been reported yet. Therefore, we studied and compared the secretome of white and brown adipocytes, with and without norepinephrine (NE) stimulation. Our results reveal that in the absence of NE, carbohydrate metabolism-regulating proteins are preferably secreted from white adipocytes, while brown adipocytes predominantly secrete integrin signaling proteins. Upon NE stimulation, white adipocytes secrete more proteins involved in lipid metabolism, while brown adipocytes secrete more proteins with specific anti-inflammatory properties. In conclusion, our study provides a comprehensive catalogue of novel adipokine candidates secreted from white and brown adipocytes with many of them responsive to NE.