Error-free and error-prone DNA repair gene expression through reprogramming and passage in human iPS cells
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PROVIDER: PRJNA555421 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Medical applications of human iPS cells(hiPSC) are evolving, but detailed elucidation of the mechanisms of reprogramming remains to be elucidated. Reprogramming is accompanied by an increase in the expression of related genes that maintain pluripotency, such as OCT3 /4 and NANOG. Also, through reprogramming, many CNVs and point mutation arise in genomes, which constitute a major barrier to the use of hiPSC for regenerative medicine. On the other hand, we recently found that DNA repair-related genes expression are altered through reprogramming, elevated expression of genes that accurately convey genomic information, such as homologous recombination (HR) and mismatch repair(MMR), and decreased expression of error-prone translesion Synthesis polymerase(TLS). Here, we confirmed this expression change in another cell-line, and further found that this expression change was maintained by overlapping passages as well as OCT3 /4 and NANOG. This suggests that changes in the expression of DNA repair-related genes associated with reprogramming and their maintenance may be new indicators of the quality control of cells exhibiting pluripotency.
2019-07-21 | GSE134441 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7016224 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been derived from various somatic cell populations through ectopic expression of defined factors. It remains unclear whether iPS cells generated from different cell types are molecularly and functionally similar. Here, we show that iPS cells obtained from fibroblasts, hematopoietic and myogenic cells exhibit distinct transcriptional and epigenetic patterns. Moreover, we demonstrate that cellular origin influences the in vitro differentiation potentials of iPS cells into embryoid bodies and different hematopoietic cells. Our results suggest that low-passage iPS cells retain a transient epigenetic memory of their somatic cells of origin, which manifests as differential gene expression and altered differentiation capacity. These observations might affect ongoing attempts to use iPS cells for disease modeling and also could be exploited for potential therapeutic applications to enhance differentiation into desired cell lineages. This series consists of triplicated mRNA expression microarray data (Affymetrix mouse gene ST 1.0) for an early passage (passage 4) of mouse iPS cells derived from bone marrow granulocytes, splenic B cells, tail tip fibroblasts, and skeletel muscle precursor cells.
2010-07-19 | GSE22908 | GEO
Project description:BACKGROUND: Deletion of the chromatin remodeler CHD1 is a common genomic alteration found in human prostate cancers (PCas). CHD1 loss represents a distinct PCa subtype characterized by SPOP mutation and higher genomic instability [1-3]. However, the role of CHD1 in PCa development in vivo and its clinical utility remain unclear. DESIGN: To study the role of CHD1 in PCa development and its loss in clinical management, we generated a genetically engineered mouse model with prostate-specific deletion of murine Chd1 as well as isogenic CHD1 WT and homozygous deleted human benign and PCa lines. We also developed patient-derived organoid cultures and screened patients with metastatic PCa for CHD1 loss. RESULTS: We demonstrate that CHD1 loss sensitizes cells to DNA damage and causes a synthetic lethal response to DNA damaging therapy in vivo, ex vivo and in a patient with metastatic PCa. Mechanistically, CHD1 loss leads to decreased error-free homologous recombination (HR) repair, which is compensated by increased error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair for DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the first in vivo and in patient evidence supporting the role of CHD1 in DSB repair and in response to DNA damaging therapy. We uncover mechanistic insights that CHD1 modulates the choice between HR and NHEJ and suggest that CHD1 loss may contribute to genomic instability seen in this subset of PCa patients.
2017-07-26 | GSE84610 | GEO
Project description:Reprogramming process can bring in genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, and these abnormalities can endow effect on gene expression of obtained iPSCs. We used Microarray to detect obvious gene expression differences between iPS cells ,which were induced using one episomal plasmid from C57BL/6 mouse embryonic fibroblasts, and one normal ES cell line from C57BL/6 inbred strain mice. iPS cells and control ES cells were selected in early passage for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. To reduce the effect of in vitro culture, we chose iPS cells and ES cells in passage 7 to 10 for analysis.
2015-09-14 | E-GEOD-61403 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been derived from various somatic cell populations through ectopic expression of defined factors. It remains unclear whether iPS cells generated from different cell types are molecularly and functionally similar. Here, we show that iPS cells obtained from fibroblasts, hematopoietic and myogenic cells exhibit distinct transcriptional and epigenetic patterns. Moreover, we demonstrate that cellular origin influences the in vitro differentiation potentials of iPS cells into embryoid bodies and different hematopoietic cells. Our results suggest that low-passage iPS cells retain a transient epigenetic memory of their somatic cells of origin, which manifests as differential gene expression and altered differentiation capacity. These observations might affect ongoing attempts to use iPS cells for disease modeling and also could be exploited for potential therapeutic applications to enhance differentiation into desired cell lineages. This series consists of triplicated mRNA expression microarray data (Affymetrix mouse gene ST 1.0) for an early passage (passage 4) of mouse iPS cells derived from bone marrow granulocytes, splenic B cells, tail tip fibroblasts, and skeletel muscle precursor cells. iPS cells were generated by infecting somatic mouse cells with lentiviruses expressing Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and cMyc. Total RNA was isolated from iPS cells at different passages.
2010-07-19 | E-GEOD-22908 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Long-read RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) holds great potential for characterizing transcriptome variation and full-length transcript isoforms, but the relatively high error rate of current long-read sequencing platforms poses a major challenge. We present ESPRESSO, a computational tool for robust discovery and quantification of transcript isoforms from error-prone long reads. ESPRESSO jointly considers alignments of all long reads aligned to a gene and uses error profiles of individual reads to improve the identification of splice junctions and the discovery of their corresponding transcript isoforms. On both a synthetic spike-in RNA sample and human RNA samples, ESPRESSO outperforms multiple contemporary tools in not only transcript isoform discovery but also transcript isoform quantification. In total, we generated and analyzed ~1.1 billion nanopore RNA-seq reads covering 30 human tissue samples and three human cell lines. ESPRESSO and its companion dataset provide a useful resource for studying the RNA repertoire of eukaryotic transcriptomes.
2022-10-14 | GSE192955 | GEO
Project description:DNA replication is sensitive to damage in the template. To bypass lesions and complete replication, cells activate recombination-mediated (error-free) and translesion synthesis-mediated (error-prone) DNA damage tolerance pathways. Crucial for error-free DNA damage tolerance is template switching, which depends on the formation and resolution of damage-bypass intermediates consisting of sister chromatid junctions. Here we show that a chromatin architectural pathway involving the high mobility group box protein Hmo1 channels replication-associated lesions into the error-free DNA damage tolerance pathway mediated by Rad5 and PCNA polyubiquitylation, while preventing mutagenic bypass and toxic recombination. In the process of template switching, Hmo1 also promotes sister chromatid junction formation predominantly during replication. Its C-terminal tail, implicated in chromatin bending, facilitates the formation of catenations/hemicatenations and mediates the roles of Hmo1 in DNA damage tolerance pathway choice and sister chromatid junction formation. Together, the results suggest that replication-associated topological changes involving the molecular DNA bender, Hmo1, set the stage for dedicated repair reactions that limit errors during replication and impact on genome stability. BrdU and proteins ChIP-chip analyses analysis were carried out as described (Bermejo et al., 2009). Labelled probes were hybridized to Affymetrix S.cerevisiae Tiling 1.0 (P/N 900645) arrays and processed with TAS software.
2014-01-28 | E-GEOD-46260 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:DNA replication is sensitive to damage in the template. To bypass lesions and complete replication, cells activate recombination-mediated (error-free) and translesion synthesis-mediated (error-prone) DNA damage tolerance pathways. Crucial for error-free DNA damage tolerance is template switching, which depends on the formation and resolution of damage-bypass intermediates consisting of sister chromatid junctions. Here we show that a chromatin architectural pathway involving the high mobility group box protein Hmo1 channels replication-associated lesions into the error-free DNA damage tolerance pathway mediated by Rad5 and PCNA polyubiquitylation, while preventing mutagenic bypass and toxic recombination. In the process of template switching, Hmo1 also promotes sister chromatid junction formation predominantly during replication. Its C-terminal tail, implicated in chromatin bending, facilitates the formation of catenations/hemicatenations and mediates the roles of Hmo1 in DNA damage tolerance pathway choice and sister chromatid junction formation. Together, the results suggest that replication-associated topological changes involving the molecular DNA bender, Hmo1, set the stage for dedicated repair reactions that limit errors during replication and impact on genome stability.
2014-01-28 | GSE46260 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6606834 | biostudies-literature