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Thylakoid membrane proteome remodelling in response to variation in plant growth irradiance

ABSTRACT: Plant thylakoid membranes contain hundreds of proteins closely interplaying to cope with ever-changing environmental conditions. We investigated how P. sativum (pea) grown at different irradiances optimizes light-use efficiency through the differential accumulation of thylakoid proteins. Thylakoid membranes from plants grown under limiting (LL), normal (NL) and high (HL) light intensity were characterized by combining chlorophyll fluorescence measurements with quantitative proteomic analysis. Protein sequences retrieved from available transcriptomic data considerably improved the protein profiling. We found that increasing growth irradiance affects the electron transport kinetics but not Photosystem (PS) I and II relative abundance. Two acclimation strategies were evident comparing plants acclimated to LL with higher irradiances: 1) in NL, plants turn on photoprotective responses mostly regulating the PSII light-harvesting capacity either accumulating Lhcb4.3 or favouring the xanthophyll cycle; 2) in HL, plants reduce the LHCII pool and enhance the PSII repair cycle. At increasing growth irradiance, plants increase the accumulation of ATP synthase and boost the electron transport to finely tune the ΔpH across the membrane and adjust the thylakoid architecture to optimize protein trafficking. Our results provide a quantitative snapshot on how plants coordinate light-harvesting, electron transport and protein synthesis adjusting the thylakoid membrane proteome in a light-dependent manner

INSTRUMENT(S): TripleTOF 5600

ORGANISM(S): Pisum Sativum (garden Pea)

TISSUE(S): Plant Cell, Leaf

SUBMITTER: Pascal Albanese

LAB HEAD: Cristina Pagliano

PROVIDER: PXD009448 | Pride | 2018-10-02

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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Project description:Exposure to high irradiance results in dramatic changes in nuclear gene expression in plants. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which changes in irradiance are sensed and how the information is transduced to the nucleus to initiate the genetic response. To investigate whether the photoreceptors are involved in the response to high irradiance, we analyzed expression of ELIP1, ELIP2, APX2 and LHCB2.4 in the phyA, phyB, cry1 and cry2 photoreceptor mutants and hy5 and hyh transcription factor mutants. Following exposure to high intensity white light for 3 h (HL, 1000 micro mol quanta m-2 s-1) expression of ELIP1/2 and APX2 was strongly induced and LHCB2.4 expression repressed in wild type. The cry1 and hy5 mutants showed specific mis-regulation of ELIP1/2 and we show that the induction of ELIP1/2 expression is mediated via CRY1 in a blue light intensity-dependent manner. Furthermore, using the Affymetrix Arabidopsis 24K Gene-Chip we showed that 77 of the HL responsive genes are regulated via CRY1, and 26 of those genes were also HY5 dependent. As a consequence of the mis-regulation of these genes the cry1 mutant displayed a high irradiance-sensitive phenotype with significant photoinactivation of PSII, indicated by reduced Fv/Fm. Thus, we describe a novel function of CRY1 in mediating plant responses to high irradiances that is essential to the induction of photoprotective mechanisms. This indicates that high irradiance can be sensed in a chloroplast-independent manner by a cytosolic/nucleic component. Experiment Overall Design: All samples were done in biological triplicates (named A, B, C): Arabidopsis Col-O: growth conditions (7 d continuous white light; 100 micro mol quanta m-2 s-1, 22 Â°C), growth conditions followed by high light (3 hours 1000 micro mol quanta m-2 s-1, 22 Â°C) and growth conditions followed by blue light (3 hours; HQI-T 400 W lamps were filtered through color filter #74, 400-540 nm, absorption maximum: 470 nm (Night Blue; Rosco International)) Experiment Overall Design: cryptochrome 1 (cry1) mutant: growth conditions and growth conditions followed by 3 hours high light Experiment Overall Design: long hypocotyl 5 (hy5) mutant: growth conditions and growth conditions followed by 3 hours high light

Project description:Arabidopsis thaliana plants that have experienced an initial exposure to dehydration stress (“trained plants”) have an increased ability to maintain leaf relative water content (RWC) during subsequent stresses than plants experiencing the stress for the first time and transcription of selected dehydration response genes is altered during successive exposures to dehydration stress. This physiological and transcriptional behavior of trained plants is consistent with a “memory “of an earlier stress. It is unknown whether such memory is present in other Angiosperm lineages and whether it is an evolutionarily conserved response to stress (see E-GEOD-48235). Here, we analyzed the behavior and transcriptomes of maize (Zea mays) plants experiencing multiple dehydration stresses and compare them with responses of the evolutionarily distant A. thaliana. We found structurally related genes in maize that displayed the same memory-type responses as in A. thaliana, providing evidence of the conservation of function and transcriptional memory in the evolution of plants’ dehydration stress response systems. Similar to A. thaliana, trained Z. mays plants retained higher RWC during dehydration stress than untrained plants, due in part to maintaining reduced stomatal conductance, despite full recovery of RWC, after the first stress. Divergent transcriptional memory responses were also expressed, suggesting diversification of function among stress memory genes. Some dehydration stress memory genes were also shared with other stress and hormone responding pathways, indicating complex and dynamic interactions between different plant signaling networks. The results provide new insight into how plants respond to multiple dehydration stresses and provide a platform for studies of the functions of memory genes in adaptive responses to water deficit in monocot and eudicot plants . For each condition (water, S1, and S3) the transcriptome was sequenced for two replicates. The watered condition is considered the control.

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Thylakoid membrane proteome remodelling in response to variation in plant growth irradiance

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