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Human HRI Autophosphorylation Profile

ABSTRACT: Heme-regulated inhibitorRegulated Inhibitor (HRI) is one of the four mammalian kinases that phosphorylate eIF2α, facilitating a cellular response to stress through the regulation of mRNA translation. Originally identified as a heme sensor in erythroid progenitor cells, HRI has since emerged as a potential therapeutic target in both cancer and neurodegeneration. Here we purified recombinant expressed human HRI and allowed it to autophosphorylate.

INSTRUMENT(S):

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

SUBMITTER: Glenn Masson

LAB HEAD: Glenn Masson

PROVIDER: PXD064940 | Pride | 2025-06-18

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	165_2024-GM-HRI-P_1.raw	Raw
	165_2024-GM-HRI-P_2.raw	Raw
	165_2024-GM-HRI-P_3.raw	Raw
	F296745.dat	Other
	F296745.mgf	Mgf

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1 - 5 of 13

Publications

Structural insights into allosteric inhibition of HRI kinase by heme binding via HDX-MS.

Kanta Shivani S Vinciauskaite Vanesa V Neill Graham G Muqit Miratul M K MMK Masson Glenn R GR

The Biochemical journal 20250617 12

Heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI) is one of the four mammalian kinases that phosphorylate eIF2α, facilitating a cellular response to stress through the regulation of mRNA translation. Originally identified as a heme sensor in erythroid progenitor cells, HRI has since emerged as a potential therapeutic target in both cancer and neurodegeneration. Here, we characterise two modes of HRI inhibition using structural mass spectrometry, biochemistry, and biophysics. We examined several competitive ATP-mim ...[more]

PMID: 40471279

Similar Datasets

Association of heme-bound HRI with S-DELE1 promotes HRI auto-phosphorylation

Project description:This dataset assesses the effects of S-DELE1 association on the auto-phosphorylation of human, heme-bound HRI. Human HRI and DELE1 were expressed in EIF2alpha-phospho-resistant cells supplemented with hemin. HRI was affinity purified, the elution subjected to denaturing gel electrophoresis, and HRI phosphorylation was assessed by MS. The data set identifies S-DELE1 induced phosphorylation sites in the N-terminal domain of HRI, its two kinase domains, and the kinase insert.

2026-06-09 | PXD062916 | Pride

Association of heme bound HRI with S-DELE1 promotes structural re-arrangements within the HRI kinase domain

Project description:This dataset assesses structural changes occurring in human, heme-bound HRI upon association with S-DELE1. To this end, human HRI and S-DELE1 were expressed EIF2alpha phosphorylation-resistent cells supplemented with hemin. HRI was affinity purified, crosslinked with DSS, and structural changes in HRI were assessed by MS. The data set identifies S-DELE1 induced structural changes in the C-terminal region and the kinase insert of HRI, as well as domains of HRI that are in structural proximity to S-DELE1.

2026-05-07 | PXD063587 | Pride

Iron and Heme Coordinate Erythropoiesis through HRI-Mediated Regulation of Protein Translation and Gene Expression

Project description:Iron and heme play central roles in red blood cell production. However, the mechanisms by which iron and heme levels coordinate erythropoiesis remain incompletely understood. HRI is a heme-regulated kinase that controls translation by phosphorylating eIF2a. Here, we investigate the global impact of iron, heme and HRI on protein translation in vivo in murine primary erythroblasts using ribosome profiling. By defining the underlying changes in translation during iron and HRI deficiencies, we validate known regulators of this process, including Atf4, and identify novel pathways such as co-regulation of ribosomal protein mRNA translation. Surprisingly, we found that heme and HRI pathways, but not iron-regulated pathways, mediate the major protein translational and transcriptional responses to iron deficiency in erythroblasts in vivo and thereby identify previously unappreciated regulators of erythropoiesis. Our genome-wide study uncovers the major impact of the HRI-mediated integrated stress response for the adaptation to iron deficiency anemia.

2018-09-03 | GSE119365 | GEO

HRI Protects Erythroid Precursors in iron deficiency and beta-Thalassemia by Maintaining GATA-1 and Fog-1 Expression

Project description:Heme-regulated eIF2α kinase (HRI) is essential for the survival of erythroid precursors in iron and heme deficiency and it also plays a protective role in red blood cell diseases of erythroid protoporphyria and β-thalassemia. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time the impairment of GATA-1 and Fog-1 expressions in iron deficiency and the impairment of GATA-1 expression in β-thalassemia. Furthermore, HRI is necessary to maintain the GATA-1/Fog-1 induced functions in erythroid differentiation, cell cycle and cell survival by sustaining both expressions of GATA-1 and Fog-1 in iron deficiency and in β-thalassemia. Keywords: Genetic modification

2009-06-30 | GSE6808 | GEO

Domain-focused CRISPR-screen identifies HRI as a fetal hemoglobin regulator in human erythroid cells

Project description:Increasing fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels in adult red blood cells provides clinical benefit to patients with sickle cell disease and some forms of beta-thalassemia. To identify potentially druggable HbF regulators in adult human erythroid cells, we employed a protein kinase-domain focused CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic screen with a newly optimized sgRNA scaffold. The screen uncovered the heme-regulated inhibitor HRI (also known as EIF2AK1), an erythroid-specific kinase that controls protein translation, as an HbF repressor. HRI depletion markedly increased HbF production in a specific manner and reduced sickling in cultured erythroid cells. Diminished expression of the HbF repressor BCL11A accounted in large part for the effects of HRI depletion. Taken together, these results suggest HRI as a potential therapeutic target for hemoglobinopathies.

2018-07-20 | GSE115687 | GEO

HRI depletion cooperates with pharmacologic inducers to elevate fetal hemoglobin and reduce sickle cell formation

Project description:Increasing fetal hemoglobin (HbF) provides clinical benefit in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We recently identified heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI, EIF2AK1) as a novel HbF regulator. Since HRI is an erythroid-specific protein kinase it presents a potential target for pharmacologic intervention. We find that maximal HbF induction requires >80-85% HRI depletion. As it remains unclear whether this degree of HRI inhibition can be achieved pharmacologically, we explored whether HRI knockdown can be combined with pharmacologic HbF inducers to achieve greater HbF production and minimize potential adverse effects associated with treatments. Strongly cooperative HbF induction was observed when HRI depletion was combined with exposure to pomalidomide or the EHMT1/2 inhibitor UNC0638, but not hydroxyurea. Mechanistically, reduction in the levels of the HbF repressor BCL11A reflected the cooperativity of HRI loss and pomalidomide treatment, whereas UNC0638 did not modulate BCL11A levels. In conjunction with HRI loss, pomalidomide maintained its HbF inducing activity at 10-fold lower concentrations, at which condition there were minimal observed detrimental effects on erythroid cell maturation and viability as well as fewer alterations in the erythroid transcriptome. In sum, this study provides a foundation for the exploration of combining future small molecule HRI inhibitors with additional pharmacologic HbF inducers to maximize HbF production and preserve erythroid cell functionality for the treatment of SCD and other hemoglobinopathies.

2020-09-21 | GSE150341 | GEO

ROCK1 orchestrates B cell differentiation in response to PAMPs and heme by controlling the heme-regulated proteins Bach2 and HRI

Project description:Protective humoral responses require that B cells successfully complete their differentiation programs even when exposed to hostile environments generated during severe infections, like the massive hemolysis triggered by malaria. The mechanisms utilized by differentiating B cells to withstand damaging conditions replete in PAMPs and DAMPs are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that the serine-threonine kinase ROCK1 enables B cells to execute their differentiation programs upon exposure to PAMPs and high levels of heme, a critical DAMP, by controlling two key heme-regulated molecules, Bach2 and HRI. ROCK1 restrains plasma cell differentiation by phosphorylating Bach2. As B cells differentiate in the presence of PAMPs and heme, furthermore, ROCK1 limits the proinflammatory potential of B cells and restrains mTORC1 activity by controlling the assembly of multimolecular complexes that contain the adaptor p62, raptor, ripoptosome components, and molecules involved in RNA metabolism and proteostasis. ROCK1 regulates formation of these complexes by controlling the interplay between HSPs and the stress kinase HRI. Thus, ROCK1 helps B cells cope with intense pathogen-driven destruction by coordinating the activity and localization of key molecules that mediate cell-fate decisions, effector functions, and RNA and protein homeostasis. These ROCK1-dependent mechanisms may be widely employed by cells to handle severe environmental stresses and these findings may be broadly relevant for infections, vaccine development, and immune-mediated diseases marked by chronic tissue damage like autoimmune disorders.

2025-04-02 | GSE237201 | GEO

Yeast Sis1 proximity labelling during heat shock

Project description:Proximity interactome labelling of Sis1 APEX2 during heat shock revealed its comprehensive interactome.

2023-08-18 | PXD039068 | Pride

LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis of pharyngeal swabs and plasma from MHV-infected and uninfected mice

Project description:Recent developments have broadened our perception of SARS-CoV-2, indicating its capability to affect the body systemically beyond its initial recognition as a mere respiratory pathogen. However, the pathways of its widespread are not well-understood. Employing a dual-modality approach, we integrated findings from a Murine Hepatitis Virus (MHV) infection model with corroborative clinical data to investigate the pervasive reach of Coronaviruses. The novel presence of viral particles within red blood cells (RBCs) was demonstrated via High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy, with computational modeling elucidating a potential heme-mediated viral entry mechanism via Spike protein affinity. Our data affirm viral localization in RBCs, suggesting heme moieties as facilitators for cellular invasion. Exacerbation of MHV pathology upon hemin administration, contrasted with chloroquine-mediated amelioration, underscoring a heme-centric pathway in disease progression. These observations extend the paradigm of Coronavirus pathogenicity to include hemoprotein interactions. This study casts new light on the systemic invasion capabilities of Coronaviruses, linking RBC hemoproteins with viral virulence. The modulation of disease severity through heme-interacting agents heralds a promising avenue for COVID-19 therapeutics. Our findings propose a paradigm shift in the treatment approach, leveraging the virus-heme interplay as a strategic hinge for intervention.

2024-12-11 | PXD054355 | Pride

A Novel Squaramide Derivative, HR-19011, Induces the Integrated Stress Response via the HRI-eIF2α-ATF4 Pathway, Effectively Inhibiting Hematologic Malignancies

Project description:We investigated the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of HR-19011, a novel eIF2α phosphorylation inducer, with a focus on its effects on the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway and cell cycle regulation in K562 cells. Our findings revealed that HR-19011 exerts its anticancer effects primarily through the activation of heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI), leading to the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2)α, the induction of ISR signaling, and subsequent G1/S cell cycle arrest. RNA sequencing analysis further highlighted significant changes in gene expression associated with the ISR pathway, particularly those involving the key components, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and CHOP, underscoring the specific targeting of HRI by HR-19011. Additionally, HR-19011 suppressed the mTORC1 pathway, a critical regulator of cell growth and metabolism, through the downregulation of components such as phosphorylated (p)-S6K and p-4EBP1, mediated by ATF4 and CHOP. In vivo studies demonstrated that HR-19011 effectively inhibited tumor growth in a K562 xenograft model, without significant toxicity, and its broad efficacy across various hematologic malignancies further suggests its potential as a versatile anticancer agent. Our findings position HR-19011 as a promising candidate for targeting the HRI-eIF2α axis in cancer treatment, warranting further investigation and optimization for clinical application.

2025-04-21 | GSE288955 | GEO

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