HU2014 was inoculated into an optimized medium containing dextrin (39.59 g/L), yeast extract (8.52 g/L), and KNO3 (2.49 g/L), with the initial pH adjusted to 7.0–7.3, and fermented at 25°C and 120 rpm for 15 days. Fermentation supernatants were collected at four time points: day 0 (C0/control), d...