RNA sequencing of young mice hippocampus after anesthesia
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: We performed RNA sequencing for hippocampus of neonatal mice that were exposed to sevoflurane. We treated a group of neonatal mice with 2.5% sevoflurane for 2 hours on day 6, 7, 8, 9 and treated another group on day 6, 7. On day 36, we collected RNA (both total RNA and polysome-associated RNA) from the hippocampus in the aforementioned two groups and the control group (i.e., without sevoflurane treatment). We prepared the sequencing libraries with the collected RNA and sent them to Illumina sequencing platform.
Project description:Sevoflurane is the most commonly used general anesthetic in pediatric surgery, but it has the potential to be neurotoxic. Previous research found that long-term or multiple sevoflurane exposures could cause cognitive deficits in newborn mice but not adult mice, whereas short-term or single inhalations had little effect on cognitive function at both ages. The mechanisms behind these effects, however, are unclear. In the current study, 6- and 60-day-old C57bl mice in the sevoflurane groups were given 3% sevoflurane plus 60% oxygen for three consecutive days, each lasting 2 hours, while those in the control group only got 60% oxygen. The cortex tissues were harvested on the 8th or 62nd day. The tandem mass tags (TMT)pro-based quantitative proteomics combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysi were applied to analyze the influences of multiple sevoflurane anesthesia on the cerebral cortex in mice with various ages. A total of 6247 proteins were measured using the combined quantitative proteomics methods of TMTpro-labeled and LC-MS/MS, 443 of which were associated to the age-dependent neurotoxic mechanism of repeated sevoflurane anesthesia. Our findings would help to further the mechanistic study of age-dependent anesthetic neurotoxicity and contribute to seek for effective protection in the developing brain under general anesthesia.
Project description:Diet High in salt content have been associated with cardiovascular disease and chronic inflammation. We recently demonstrated that transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3) channels regulate myofibroblast transdifferentiation in hypertrophic scars. Here, we examined how high salt activation of TRPC3 participates in hypertrophic scarring during wound healing. In vitro, we confirmed that high salt increased the TRPC3 protein expression and the marker of myofibroblast alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in wild-type mice (WT) primary cultured dermal fibroblasts but not Trpc3-/- mice. Activation of TRPC3 by high salt elevated cytosolic Ca2+ influx and mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in dermal fibroblasts in a TRPC3-dependent manner. High salt activation of TRPC3 enhanced mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase action, that activated ROS-triggered Ca2+ influx and the Rho kinase/MLC pathway in WT mice but not Trpc3-/- mice. In vivo, a persistent high-salt diet promoted myofibroblast transdifferentiation and collagen deposition in a TRPC3-dependent manner. Therefore, this study demonstrates that high salt enhances myofibroblast transdifferentiation and promotes hypertrophic scar formation through enhanced mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis, which activates the ROS-mediated pMLC/pMYPT1 pathway. TRPC3 deficiency antagonizes high salt diet-induced hypertrophic scarring. TRPC3 may be a novel target for hypertrophic scarring during wound healing.
Project description:Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (PMCAO) mouse model has been established and used by our group with a focus on systematically investigating effects of the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate-cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP38) on the ischemic brain. Using an intracerebroventrically PACAP38 (1 pmol) injection over a control saline (0.9% sodium chloride, NaCl) treatment, we have been successful in generating a vast inventory of gene expression data in both whole hemispheres and specific brain regions of infract/ischemic core (IC) and penumbra (P) with high-throughput Agilent whole genome 4 × 44 K oligo DNA microarray chips. In this study, we first perform a specific analysis of the gene expression in the IC and P compared to the healthy control regions to know the gene profile status of the progression of the IC. We will use this data together with generated biological function and network analysis from our previous studies, and present new insight into the potential mechanism behind PACAP38 neuroprotective function in the ischemic brain. Three mice each in PMCAO groups for ischemic core and penumbra regions in ischemic brain over corresponding controls were used, respectively, that exhibited neurological grades G1 and G2 for the subsequent downstream analysis. Ischemic core and penumbra regions and corresponding healthy core and penumbra were carefully removed with a sterile scalpel, and placed in 2 ml Eppendorf tubes. Samples were then quickly immersed in liquid nitrogen and stored in -80 ºC prior to further analysis. Whole genome DNA microarray analysis was performed on a 4x44K, Agilent DNA Microarray chip.
Project description:Our group has been systematically investigating effects of the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate-cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) on the ischemic brain. To do so, we have established and utilizing the permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (PMCAO) mouse model, where PACAP38 (1 pmol) injection is given intracerebroventrically in comparison to a control saline (0.9% NaCl) injection, in conjunction with high-throughput DNA microarray analysis. In previous studies, we have accumulated a large volume of data (gene inventory) from the whole brain (ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres) by this approach. In our latest research, we have targeted specifically infract/ischemic core (hereafter IC) and the penumbra (hereafter P) post-PACA38 injection, for re-examining the transcriptome at 6 and 24 h post-treatment. The aim of the current study is simple M-bM-^@M-^S to delineate the specificity of expression and localization of differentially expressed molecular factors influenced by PACAP38. Prior to this highly expensive and time-consuming omic analysis, we checked the validity of our hypothesis and experimental strategy wherein, ischemic core and penumbra were carefully sampled and compared to the corresponding contralateral (healthy) IC and P regions at 6 and 24 h, post PACAP38 or saline injections to reveal expected differences in gene and protein expression by traditional reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analyses, respectively (Hori et al., 2014). Our present results using the mouse 4x44K whole genome DNA chip reveal numerous changes (M-bM-^IM-'/M-bM-^IM-& 1.5/0.75-fold) at both 6 h (654 and 456, and 522 and 449 up- and down-regulated genes for IC and P, respectively; and 24 h (2568 and 2684, and 1947 and 1592 up- and down-regulated genes for IC and P, respectively) after PACAP38 treatment. Using bioinformatics analysis by pathway- or specific-disease-state focused gene classifications and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), these genes were functionally classified and discussed. Taken together, the DNA microarray analysis provides not only a great resource for further study, but also reinforces the importance of region-specific analyses in genome-wide identification of target molecular factors that might play a role in the neuroprotective function of PACAP38. In the present study, we used three mice each in PMCAO groups for PACAP38 and saline injections, respectively, that exhibited neurological grades G1 and G2 for the subsequent downstream analysis. Six or 24 h post-injection of PACAP38 or saline, the mice were removed from their cages, decapitated, and their brains carefully removed on ice. The right (ipsilateral; ischemic) and left (contralateral) hemispheres were dissected, and from each hemisphere the ischemic core and penumbra regions and corresponding healthy core and penumbra were carefully removed with a sterile scalpel, and placed in 2 ml Eppendorf tubes. The samples were then quickly immersed in liquid nitrogen and stored in -80 M-BM-:C prior to further analysis. Effect of the intracerebroventricular PACAP38 administration into ischemic mouse brain was evaluated at the molecular level in the ischemic core and penumbra of ipsilateral (right) hemisphere over the saline injection by whole genome DNA microarray analysis (4x44K, Agilent).
Project description:This study examined the proteome profile in the hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and striatum of APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice (APP/PS1) model of Alzheimer’s disease compared to wild-type mice. The effect of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF), a mixture of vitamin E analogs derived from palm oil supplementation on the proteome profile of APP/PS1 mice hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and striatum was also investigated. The analysis was performed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q Exactive HF Orbitrap mass spectrometry. This study was in hoped to understand the mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease at proteome level, and pre-emptive activity of TRF to combat the disease.
Project description:Cyclophosphamide (CPAm) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent that exhibits potent anti-cancer properties but is often associated with debilitating side effects. Despite its efficacy, the management of CPAm-induced toxicities remains a significant clinical challenge. There has been growing interest in exploring complementary and alternative therapies to mitigate these adverse effects in recent years, and this may be a chance for the earthworm-derived preparation, Venetin 1. Its rich composition of bioactive compounds has demonstrated promising pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. These properties suggest its potential to counteract the various systemic toxicities induced by CP. To investigate the effect of Venetin 1 on cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity, we conducted a comprehensive study. Mice were administered CPAm for four days, followed by the earthworm preparation in two doses (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg b.w). Importantly, the preparation did not cause any side effects in all mice, ensuring the safety of the intervention. We then determined global changes in the proteome using proteomics and quantitative SWATH-MS analysis, a robust and reliable method. This allowed us to identify up- and downregulated proteins in each studied group, providing valuable insights into the mechanism of action of Venetin 1. According to the obtained results, Venetin 1 significantly affected the proteome of mouse lung tissue. It was possible to determine quantitative changes for 400 proteins, and the analysis after administration of Venetin 1 showed a change in the global proteomic profile from upregulated to down-regulated. The stimulating properties of the preparation concerning the complement system have also been confirmed in a separate validation experiment. It has been shown that Venetin 1 has the potential to eliminate the toxic effect of cyclophosphamide in lung tissue. It also initiates regenerative processes, inhibits inflammatory processes, supports autophagy and stimulates the immune system. Further research is required to understand and to fully describe the effects of Venetin 1 .
Project description:Elderly patients are apt to cognitive impairment and memory loss after surgical operations. This perioperative cerebral damage named postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is profoundly affected by anesthesia. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation as a widely-studied epigenetic modification to regulate gene expression, however, is never studied in POCD. Initially, fifty 40-week-old outbred female C57BL/6 mice were conducted Morris water maze test by EthoVision XT working system (Noldus, Netherlands) as manufacturer’s instructions. The escaping latent period of each mouse were recorded. Then Thirty mice were randomly selected and given 2% sevoflurane for 4 h in an automatic anesthetic chamber with size of 24 cm*12 cm*18 cm. After natural resuscitation, POCD and non-POCD mice were picked up based on the dynamics of escaping latent period. The other twenty mice received normal air were treated as negative control. Hippocampus were conducted RIP-seq for investigating m6A RNA methylation.
Project description:This experiment was designed to uncover the transcriptomic changes that would occur in rice after 24 h of supplemental FR treatment, in an accession dependant manner. To do so, 6 different varieties of rice (IR64, Nipponbare, Luk Takhar, M Blatec, Mudgo, Sabharaj and Zhenshan) were grown in the greenhouse facilities of the Botanical Gardens, Utrecht University, in The Netherlands, in summer and autumn of 2021. After five days in WL (400 µmol m-2 s-1 of combined sunlight and artificial light), the treatment group was exposed to supplemental FR (500 µmol m-2 s-1 FR, R:FR of 0.2) light for 24 hours. The whole shoot was sampled, with four plants pooled in one sample. The experiment was repeated four times, resulting in 48 samples (6 varieties x 2 treatments x 4 replicates). Same samples were run on two individual lanes.
Project description:A mesenchymal rich stroma such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in breast tumors favors the selection of cancer clones with enhanced bone metastatic ability. To determine the cancer cell transcriptomic response to the mesenchymal stroma, we supplemented experimental mammary tumours with or without exogenous mesenchymal cells. We used bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a source of mesenchymal stroma, as MSCs have been shown to undergo CAF-like differentiation. We engineered the cancer cells to express an EGFP-tagged version of ribosomal protein L10a (EGFP-L10a). This allows the retrieval of cancer cell specific transcripts rapidly from whole tumor lysates by translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) and direct profiling of cancer cell gene expression patterns when they are in situ. EGFP-10a+ MDA-MB-231 cells were orthotopically injected into the mammary fat pad with or without 1:1 ratio of MSCs. The mammary tumors were retrieved for TRAP-RNAseq profiling after 3 weeks.
Project description:Airway remodeling is a critical pathological process that influences the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). To better study small airway remodeling in COPD, we employed advanced techniques such as decellularized scaffolds and proteomics to analyze compositional changes in the extracellular matrix(ECM). Proteomic analysisidentified 70 differentially expressed proteins between the COPD group and the control group. These included 34 upregulated proteins such as Smarca2, Skt, Acvrl1, Myl2 (all with ratios > 10.64), and 36 downregulated proteins such as Col6a6, Col6a5, AnK3 (all with ratios < 0.27). Pathway analysis indicated activation of apoptosis (Enrichment Score, ES=0.23) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (ES=0.38) genes, as well as inhibition of collagen synthesis (ES=-0.43) and degradation (ES=-0.63) genes were observed in the COPD group. These findings enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying airway remodeling and provide a scientific basis for developing novel therapeutic strategies for COPD.