Dataset Information

Dietary sulfur amino acid restriction in humans with overweight and obesity: a translational randomized controlled trial.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Dietary sulfur amino acid restriction (SAAR) improves metabolic health in animals. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary SAAR on body weight, body composition, resting metabolic rate, gene expression profiles in white adipose tissue (WAT), and an extensive blood biomarker profile in humans with overweight or obesity.

Methods

N = 59 participants with overweight or obesity (73% women) were randomized stratified by sex to an 8-week plant-based dietary intervention low (~ 2 g/day, SAAR) or high (~ 5.6 g/day, control group) in sulfur amino acids. The diets were provided in full to the participants, and both investigators and participants were blinded to the intervention. Outcome analyses were performed using linear mixed model regression adjusted for baseline values of the outcome and sex.

Results

SAAR led to a ~ 20% greater weight loss compared to controls (β 95% CI - 1.14 (- 2.04, - 0.25) kg, p = 0.013). Despite greater weight loss, resting metabolic rate remained similar between groups. Furthermore, SAAR decreased serum leptin, and increased ketone bodies compared to controls. In WAT, 20 genes were upregulated whereas 24 genes were downregulated (FDR < 5%) in the SAAR group compared to controls. Generally applicable gene set enrichment analyses revealed that processes associated with ribosomes were upregulated, whereas processes related to structural components were downregulated.

Conclusion

Our study shows that SAAR leads to greater weight loss, decreased leptin and increased ketone bodies compared to controls. Further research on SAAR is needed to investigate the therapeutic potential for metabolic conditions in humans.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04701346, registered Jan 8th 2021, https://www.

Clinicaltrials

gov/study/NCT04701346.

SUBMITTER: Olsen T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10775517 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Dietary sulfur amino acid restriction in humans with overweight and obesity: a translational randomized controlled trial.

Olsen Thomas T Stolt Emma E Øvrebø Bente B Elshorbagy Amany A Tore Elena C EC Lee-Ødegård Sindre S Troensegaard Hannibal H Johannessen Hanna H Doeland Beate B Vo Anna A D AAD Dahl Anja F AF Svendsen Karianne K Thoresen Magne M Refsum Helga H Rising Russell R Barvíková Kristýna K van Greevenbroek Marleen M Kožich Viktor V Retterstøl Kjetil K Vinknes Kathrine J KJ

Journal of translational medicine 20240109 1

<h4>Background</h4>Dietary sulfur amino acid restriction (SAAR) improves metabolic health in animals. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary SAAR on body weight, body composition, resting metabolic rate, gene expression profiles in white adipose tissue (WAT), and an extensive blood biomarker profile in humans with overweight or obesity.<h4>Methods</h4>N = 59 participants with overweight or obesity (73% women) were randomized stratified by sex to an 8-week plant-based dietary interv ...[more]

PMID: 38195568

Similar Datasets

Project description:Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease and increased mortality. Until now, no compelling preventive or therapeutic strategies have been identified. Dietary interventions have been proven highly effective in organ protection from ischemia reperfusion injury in mice and restricting dietary intake of sulfur-containing amino acids (SAA) seems to be instrumental in this regard. The UNICORN trial aimed to evaluate the protective impact of restricting SAA intake before cardiac surgery on incidence of AKI. Methods and Results In this single-center, randomized, controlled, double-blind trial, 115 patients were assigned to a SAA-reduced formula diet (LowS group) or a regular formula diet (control group) in a 1:1 ratio for 7 days before scheduled cardiac surgery. The primary end point was incidence of AKI within 72 hours after surgery, secondary end points included increase of serum creatinine at 24, 48, and 72 hours as well as safety parameters. Quantitative variables were analyzed with nonparametric methods, while categorical variables were evaluated by means of Chi-square or Fisher test. SAA intake in the group with SAA reduced formula diet was successfully reduced by 77% (group with SAA reduced formula diet, 7.37[6.40-7.80] mg/kg per day versus control group, 32.33 [28.92-33.60] mg/kg per day, P<0.001) leading to significantly lower serum levels of methionine. No beneficial effects of SAA restriction on the rate of AKI after surgery could be observed (group with SAA reduced formula diet, 23% versus control group, 16%; P=0.38). Likewise, no differences were recorded with respect to secondary end points (AKI during hospitalization, creatinine at 24, 48, 72 hours after surgery) as well as in subgroup analysis focusing on age, sex, body mass index and diabetes. Conclusions SAA restriction was feasible in the clinical setting but was not associated with protective properties in AKI upon cardiac surgery. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique Identifier: NCT03715868.

Dataset Information

Dietary sulfur amino acid restriction in humans with overweight and obesity: a translational randomized controlled trial.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials

Publications

Dietary sulfur amino acid restriction in humans with overweight and obesity: a translational randomized controlled trial.

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